The Internet as psychological laboratory

Annual Review of Psychology

Volumn 57, Issue , 2006, Pages 529-555

  Skitka, Linda J ^a   Sargis, Edward G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CREATIVITY; ETHICS; HUMAN; INTERNET; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RECUMBENCY; REVIEW; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; STUDENT;

CREATIVENESS; DECEPTION; ETHICS; HUMANS; INTERNET; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; STUDENTS;

EID: 32544453039     PISSN: 00664308     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190048     Document Type: Review

References (95)

1. Azar B. 2000. Online experiments: ethically fair or foul? Monogr. Psychol. 31:42-47
2. Bargh JA, McKenna KYA. 2004. The Internet and social life. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 55:573-90
3. Birnbaum MH. 2000. Surveywiz and Factorwiz: JavaScript Web pages that make HTML forms for research on the Internet. Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput. 32:339-46
4. Birnbaum MH. 2001. Introduction to Behavioral Research on the Internet. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
5. Birnbaum MH. 2004. Human research and data collection via the Internet. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 55:803-32
6. Blanchard AL. 2004. Virtual behavior settings: an application of behavior settings theories to virtual communities. J. Comput-Mediat. Comm. 9(2). http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol9/issue2/blanchard.html
7. Bordia P, Rosnow RL. 1998. Rumor rest stops on the information highway: a naturalistic study of transmission patterns in a computer-mediated rumor chain. Hum. Commun. Res. 25:163-79
8. Castelli L, Zogmaister C, Arcuir L. 2001. Exemplar activation and interpersonal behavior. Curr. Res. Psychol. 6:33-44
9. Chang L, Krosnick JA. 2002a. Comparing self-administered computer surveys and auditory interviews: an experiment. Paper presented at Am. Assoc. Public Opinion Res. Annu. Meet., St. Petersburg, FL
10. Chang L, Krosnick JA. 2002b. RDD telephone vs. Internet survey methodology for studying American presidential elections: comparing sample representativeness and response quality. Paper presented at Am. Polit. Sci. Assoc. Annu. Meet., Boston, MA
11. Cooper A, Galbreath N, Becker MA. 2004. Sex on the Internet: furthering our understanding of men with online sexual problems. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 18:223-30
12. Couper MP. 2000. Web surveys: a review of issues and approaches. Public Opin. Q. 64:464-94
13. Culnan MJ, Markus ML. 1987. Information technologies. In Handbook of Organizational Communication, ed. F Jablin, LL Putnam, K Roberts, L Porter, pp. 420-43. Newbury Park, CA: Sage
14. Cummings JN, Sproull L, Kiesler SB. 2002. Beyond hearing: where real-world and online support meet. Group Dyn. 6:78-88
15. Curtin R, Presser S, Singer E. 2000. The effects of response rate changes on the index of consumer sentiment. Public Opin. Q. 64:413-28
16. Deiner E. 1980. De-individuation: the absence of self-awareness and self-regulation in group members. In The Psychology of Group Influence, ed. P Paulus, pp. 1160-71. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
17. Dubrovsky VJ, Kielser SB, Sethna BN. 1991. The equalization phenomenon: status effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision-making groups. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 6:119-46
18. Eaton J, Struthers CW. 2002. Using the Internet for organizational research: a study of cynicism in the workplace. CyberPsychol. Behav. 5:305-13
19. Eichstaedt J. 2002. Measuring differences in preactivation on the Internet: the content category superiority effect. J. Exp. Psychol. 49: 283-91
20. Evans DC, Garcia DJ, Garcia DM, Baron RS. 2003. In the privacy of their own homes: using the Internet to assess racial bias. Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 29:273-84
21. Eysenbach G, Till E. 2001. Ethical issues in qualitative research on Internet communities. Br. Med. J. 323:1103-5
22. Finn J, Lavitt M. 1994. Computer-based self-help groups for sexual abuse survivors. Soc. Work Groups 17:21-46
23. Flemming G, Sonner M. 1999. Can Internet polling work ? Strategies for conducting public opinion surveys on-line. Presented at Annu. Meet. Am. Assoc. Public Opin. Res., St. Petersburg Beach, FL
24. Foster JD, Campbell W, Twenge JM. 2003. Individual differences in narcissism: inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. J. Res. Personal. 37:469-86
25. Fraley RC. 2003. How to Conduct Psychological Research over the Internet: A Beginner's Guide to HTML and CGI/Perl. New York: Guilford
26. Frankel MS, Siang S. 1999. Ethical and legal aspects of human subjects research on the Internet: a report of a workshop June 10-11, 1999. http://www.aaas.org/spp/dspp/sfrl/projects/intres/report.pdf
27. Glaser J, Dixit J, Green DP. 2002. Studying hate crime with the Internet: What makes racists advocate racial violence? J. Soc. Issues 58:177-93
28. Gosling SD, Bonnenburg AV. 1998. An inte grative approach to personality research in anthrozoology: ratings of six species of pets and their owners. Anthrozoös 11:148-56
29. Gross EF, Juvonen J, Gable SL. 2002. Internet use and well-being in adolescence. J. Soc. Issues 58:75-90
30. Guadagno RE, Cialdini RB. 2002. Online persuasion: an examination of gender differences in computer-mediated interpersonal influence. Group Dyn. 6:38-51
31. Guégen N, Jacob C. 2001. Fund-raising on the Web: the effect of an electronic foot-in-the-door on donation. CyberPyschol. Behav. 4:705-9
32. Guégen N, Jacob C. 2002. Social presence reinforcement and computer-mediated communication: the effect of the solicitor's photography on compliance to a survey request made by e-mail. CyberPsychol. Behav. 5: 139-42
33. Hortsman G. 2003. What do facial expressions convey: feeling states, behavioral intentions, or action requests? Emotion 3:150-66
34. Iacobucci D, ed. 2003. Consumers in Cyberspace [special issue]. J. Consum. Psychol. 13:Entire issue
35. Judge TA, Ilies R. 2004. Affect and job satisfaction: a study of their relationship at work and at home. J. Appl. Psychol. 89:661-73
36. Keeter S, Miller C, Kohut A, Groves RM, Presser S. 2000. Consequences of reducing nonresponse in a national telephone survey. Public Opin. Q. 64:125-48
37. Kelman HC. 1967. Human use of human subjects: the problem of deception in social psychological experiments. Psychol. Bull. 67:1-10
38. Kiesler S, Siegal J, McGuire T. 1984. Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication. Am. Psychol. 39:1123-34
39. King SA. 1996. Researching Internet communities: proposed ethical guidelines for the reporting of results. Inform. Soc. 12:119-27
40. Krantz JH, Dalal R. 2000. Validity of Web-based psychological research. In Psychological Experiments on the Internet, ed. NM Birnbaum, pp. 35-60. Orlando, FL: Academic
41. Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, Cummings J, Helgeson V, Crawford A. 2002. The Internet paradox revisited. J. Soc. Issues 58:49-74
42. Kraut R, Patterson M, Lundmark V, Kiesler S, Mukopadhyay T, Scherlis W. 1998. Internet paradox: a social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological wellbeing? Am. Psychol. 53:1017-31
43. Lange A, Rietdijk D, Hudcovicova M, van de Ven JP, Schrieken B, Emmelkamp PMG. 2003. Intertherapy: a controlled randomized trial of the standardized treatment of posttraumatic stress through the Internet. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 71:901-9
44. Langenbucher J, Hildebrandt T, Carr S, Sanjuan P, Roth S, Parker S. 2004. Patterns of anabolic steroid use among 500 male weightlifters. Paper presented at Conf. Coll. Probl. Drug Depend., San Juan, Puerto Rico
45. Lenert L, Munoz RF, Perez JE, Bansod A. 2004. Automated e-mail messaging as a tool for improving quit rates in an Internet smoking cessation intervention. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 11:16-20
46. Lenhart A, Horrigan J, Rainie L, Allen K, Boyce A, et al. 2003. The Ever-Shifting Internet Population: A New Look at Internet Access and the Digital Divide. Washington, DC: Pew Internet Am. Life Proj.
47. Lerner JS, Tetlock PE. 1999. Accounting for the effects of accountability. Psychol. Bull. 125:255-75
48. Lieberman MA, Golant M, Winzelberg A, McTavish F, Gustafson DH. 2004. Comparisons: professionally directed and self-directed Internet groups for women with breast cancer. Int. J. Self-Help Self-Care 2:219-35
49. Mathy RM, Schillace M, Coleman SM, Berquist BE. 2002. Methodological rigor with Internet samples: new ways to reach underrepresented populations. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 5:253-66
50. McGraw KO, Tew MD, Williams JE. 2000. The integrity of Web-delivered experiments: Can you trust the data? Psychol. Sci. 11:502-6
51. McGraw KO, Wong SP. 1992. A common language effect size statistic. Psychol. Bull. 111:361-65
52. McKenna KYA, Bargh JA. 1998. Coming out in the age of the Internet: identity "demarginalization" through virtual group participation. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 75:681-94
53. McKenna KYA, Bargh JA. 2000. Plan 9 from cyberspace: the implications of the Internet for personality and social psychology. Personal. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 4(1):57-75
54. McKenna KYA, Green AS, Glason MEJ. 2002. Relationship formation and the Internet: What's the big attraction? J. Soc. Issues 58:9-32
55. Merkle D, Edelman M. 2002. Non-response in exit polls: a comprehensive analysis. In Survey Non-response, eds. RM Groves, DA Dillman, JL Eltinge, RJA Little, pp. 243-58. New York: Wiley
56. Milgram S. 1977. The Individual in the Social World. New York: McGraw Hill
57. Musch J, Reips U. 2000. A brief history of Web experimenting. In Psychological Experiments on the Internet, ed. M Birnbaum, pp. 61-87. Orlando, FL: Academic
58. Newman L, Erber R. 2002. Understanding Genocide: The Social Psychology of the Holocaust. New York: Oxford Univ. Press
59. Nosek BA, Banaji MR, Greenwald AG. 2002. Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration Website. Group Dyn. 6:101-15
60. Oberauer K, Wilhelm O. 2003. The meaning(s) of conditionals: conditional probabilities, mental models, and personal utilities. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 29:680-93
61. Postmes T, Spears R, Lea M. 1999. Social identity, normative content, and "deindividuation" in computer-mediated groups. In Social Identity: Context, Commitment, and Content, ed. N Ellmers, R Spears, D Doosje, pp. 164-83. Oxford: Blackwell
62. Postmes T, Spears R, Sakhel K, de Groot D. 2001. Social influence in computer-mediated communication: the effects of anonymity on group behavior. Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 27:1243-54
63. Rentfrow PJ, Gosling SD. 2003. The do re mi's of everyday life: examining the structure and personality correlates of music preferences. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 84:1236-56
64. Richman W, Kiesler S, Weisband S, Drasgow F. 1999. A meta-analytic study of social desirability distortion in computer-administered questionnaires, traditional questionnaires, and interviews. J. Appl. Psychol. 84:754-75
65. Ritterband LM, Cox DJ, Walker LS, Kovatchev B, McKnight L, Patel K. 2003. An Internet intervention as adjunctive therapy for pediatric encopresis. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 71: 910-17
66. Robins RW, Tracy JL, Trzesniewski KH, Potter J, Gosling SD. 2001. Personality correlates of self-esteem. J. Res. Personal. 35:463-82
67. Robins RW, Trzesniewski KH, Tracy JL, Gosling SD, Potter J. 2002. Global self-esteem across the lifespan. Psychol. Aging 17:423-34
68. Sagarin BJ, Britt MA, Heider J, Wood SE, Lynch J. 2004. The distraction and persuasion effects of on-line advertisements. Presented at Midwest. Psychol. Assoc. Annu. Meet., Chicago, IL
69. Sassenberg K, Boos M. 2003. Attitude change in computer-mediated communication: effects of anonymity and category norms. Group Process. Intergroup Relat. 6:405-22
70. Sears DO. 1986. College sophomores in the lab: influences of a narrow data base on social psychology's view of human nature. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 51:515-30
71. Shobat M, Musch J. 2003. Online auctions as a research tool: a field experiment on ethnic discrimination. Swiss J. Soc. Psychol. 62: 139-45
72. Siegal J, Dubrovsky V, Kiesler S, McGuire TW. 1986. Group processes in computer-mediated communication. Organ. Behav. Hum. Dec. 37:157-87
73. Silver RC, Holman EA, McIntosh DN, Poulin M, Gil-Rivas V. 2002. Nationwide longitudinal study of psychological responses to September 11. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 288:1235-44
74. Simonson I, Nye P. 1992. The effect of account ability on susceptibility to decision errors. Organ. Behav. Hum. Dec. 51:416-46
75. Skitka LJ, Bauman CW, Mullen E. 2004. Political tolerance and coming to psychological closure following September 11, 2001: a model comparison approach. Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 30:743-56
76. Skitka LJ, Mullen E. 2002. Understanding judgments of fairness in a real-world political context: a test of the value protection model of justice reasoning. Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 28:1419-29
77. Skitka LJ, Sargis EG. 2005. Social psychological research and the Internet: the promise and peril of a new methodological frontier. In The Social Net: The Social Psychology of the Internet, ed. Y Amichai-Hamburger, pp. 1-25. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
78. Smith S, Richardson D. 1983. Amelioration of deception and harm in psychological research: the important role of debriefing. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 44:1075-82
79. Spears R, Lea M. 1994. Panacea or panopticon? The hidden power in computer-mediated communication. Commun. Res. 21:427-59
80. Srivastava S, John OP, Gosling SD, Potter J. 2003. Development of personality in adulthood: set like plaster or persistent change? J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 84:1041-53
81. Staub E. 1989. The Roots of Evil: The Psychological and Cultural Origins of Genocide. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
82. Stern SE, Faber JE. 1997. The lost e-mail method: Milgram's lost letter technique in the age of the Internet. Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput. 29:260-63
83. Steyvers M, Malmberg KJ. 2003. The effect of normative context variability on recognition memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 29:760-66
84. Strom L, Pettersson R, Andersson G. 2004. Internet-based treatment for insomnia: a controlled evaluation. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 72:113-20
85. Taylor H. 2000. Does Internet research work? Comparing online survey results with telephone survey. Int. J. Market Res. 42:51-63
86. Tetlock PE. 1983. Accountability and perseverance of first impressions. Soc. Psychol. Q. 46:285-92
87. Tetlock PE. 1985. Accountability: a social check on the fundamental attribution error. Soc. Psychol. Q. 48:227-36
88. Tetlock PE, Kim JI. 1987. Accountability and judgment processes in a personality prediction task. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 52:700-9
89. Vaes J, Paladino MP, Castelli L, Leyens JP. 2003. On the behavioral consequences of infrahumanization: the implicit role of uniquely human emotion in intergroup relations. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 85:1016-34
90. Vazire S, Gosling SD. 2004. e-Perceptions: impressions based on personal Websites. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 87:123-32
91. Waters EA, Weinstein ND, Colditz GA, Emmons K. 2005. Formats for improving risk communications in medical tradeoff decisions. J. Health Com. In press
92. Wei M, Russel DW, Mallinckrodt B, Zakalik RA. 2004. Cultural equivalence of adult attachment across four ethnic groups: factor structure, structured means, and associations with negative mood. J. Courts. Psychol. 51:408-71
93. Williams KD, Cheung CKT, Choi W. 2000. CyberOstracism: effects of being ignored over the Internet. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 79:748-62
94. Williams KD, Govan CL, Croker V, Tynan D, Cruickshank M, Lam A. 2002. Investigations into differences between social and cyber ostracism. Group Dyn. 6:65-77
95. Zimbardo P. 1970. The human choice: individuation, reason, and order versus deindividuation, impulse, and chaos. In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, ed. WJ Arnold, D Levine, 17:237-307. Lincoln: Univ. Nebraska Press