Popliteal lymph node assay: Facts and perspectives

Journal of Applied Toxicology

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 451-458

  Ravel, Guillaume ^a   Descotes, Jacques ^b  

^a MDS Pharma Services   (France)

^b Poison Center   (France)

Author keywords

Autoimmunity; Immunotoxicity; Non clinical safety evaluation; PLNA; Sensitization

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIBODY RESPONSE; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; AUTOIMMUNITY; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CONTROLLED STUDY; GRAFT VERSUS HOST REACTION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOTOXICITY; LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; POPLITEAL ARTERY; POPLITEAL LYMPH NODE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; REVIEW; SENSITIZATION; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

ADOPTIVE TRANSFER; ANIMALS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, IMMUNOLOGIC; DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL; IMMUNOLOGIC MEMORY; LOCAL LYMPH NODE ASSAY; LYMPH NODES; MICE; POPLITEAL ARTERY; RATS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; XENOBIOTICS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 29944437272     PISSN: 0260437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jat.1072     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Albers R, Broeders A, van der Pijl A, Seinen W, Pieters R. 1997. The use of reporter antigens in the popliteal lymph node assay to assess immunomodulation by chemicals. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 143: 102-109.
2. Albers R, de Heer C, Bol M, Bleumink R, Seinen W, Pieters R. 1998. Selective immunomodulation by the autoimmunity-inducing xenobioeics streptozotocin and HgCl. Eur. J. Immunol. 28: 1233-1242.
3. Bigazzi PE. 1997. Autoimmunity caused by xenobiotics. Toxicology 119: 1-21.
4. Bloksma N, Kubicka-Muranyi M, Schuppe HC, Gleichmann E, Gleichmann H. 1995. Predictive immunotoxicological test systems: suitability of the popliteal lymph node assay in mice and rats. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 25: 369-396.
5. Bluestone JA. 1997. Is CTLA-4 a master switch for peripheral T cell tolerance? J. Immunol. 158: 1989.
6. Bocquet H, Bagot M, Roujeau. 1996. Drug-induced pseudolymphoma and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: DRESS). Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 15: 250-257.
7. Brouland JP, Verdier F, Patriarca C, Vial T, Descotes J. 1994. Morphology of popliteal lymph node responses in Brown-Norway rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 41: 95-108.
8. Burnett R, Guichard Y, Barale E. 1997. Immunohistochemistry for light microscopy in safety evaluation of therapeutic agents: an overview. Toxicology 119: 83-93.
9. Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Descotes J. 1998. Value of animal models for predicting hypersensitivity reactions to medicinal products. Toxicology 129: 27-35.
10. Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Descotes J. 2004. Popliteal lymph node responses to ethanol and acetone differ from those induced by streptozotocin. Arch. Toxicol. 78: 649-654.
11. Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Ducluzeau M, Tedone R, Nicolas J, Descotes J. 2000a. Increased production of interferon-gamma, but not IL-4 mRNA, by streptozotocin in the popliteal lymph node assay. J. Appl. Toxicol. 20: 175-178.
12. + T-cell control. Toxicology 146: 73-82.
13. Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Tedone R, Descotes J. 2002. Positive responses to imipramine in the popliteal lymph node assay are due to primary irritation. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 20: 591-596.
14. Cooper GS, Stroehla BC. 2003. The epidemiology of autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun. Rev. 2: 119-125.
15. De Bakker JM, Kammuller ME, Muller ES, Lam AW, Seinen W, Bloksma N. 1990. Kinetics and morphology of chemically induced popliteal lymph node reactions compared with antigen-, mitogen-, and graft-versus-host-reaction-induced responses. Virchows Arch. B 58: 279-287.
16. Descotes J. 1992. The popliteal lymph node assay: a tool for studying the mechanisms of drug-induced autoimmune disorders. Toxicol. Lett. 64/65: 101-107.
17. Descotes J. 2000. Autoimmunity and toxicity testing. Toxicol. Lett. 112/113: 461-465.
18. Descotes J. 2005. Health consequences of immunotoxic effects. In Immunotoxicology of Drugs and Chemicals - An Experimental and Clinical Approach, vol. I, Descotes J (ed.). Elsevier Sciences: Amsterdam; 55-126.
19. Descotes J, Verdier F. 1995. The popliteal lymph node assay. In Modern Methods in Immunotoxicology, vol. I, Burleson G, Dean JH, Munson AE (eds). John Wiley: New York; 189-196.
20. Descotes J, Verdier F, Cordier G, Virat M. 1990. The popliteal lymph node assay in the Brown-Norway rat. Toxicologist 10: 528.
21. Dutton RW, Bradley LM, Swain SL. 1998. T cell memory. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 16: 201-223.
22. Ewens S, Wulferink M, Goebel C, Gleichmann E. 1999. T cell-dependent immune reactions to reactive benzene metabolites in mice. Arch. Toxicol. 73: 159-167.
23. Ford WL, Burr W, Simonen M. 1970. A lymph node weight assay for graft-versus-host activity of rat lymphoid cells. Transplantation 10: 258-266.
24. Gleichmann H. 1981. Studies on the mechanism of drug sensitization: T-cell dependent popliteal lymph node reaction to diphenylhydantoin. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 18: 203-211.
25. Goebel C, Kubicka-Muranyi M, Tonn T, Gonzalez J, Gleichmann E. 1995. Phagocytes render chemicals immunogenic: oxidation of gold(I) to the T cell-sensitizing gold(III) metabolite generated by mononuclear phagocytes. Arch. Toxicol. 69: 450-459.
26. Goebel C, Griem P, Sachs B, Bloksma N, Gleichmann E. 1996. The popliteal lymph node assay in mice: screening of drugs and other chemicals for immunotoxic hazard. Inflamm. Res. 45: 85-90.
27. Griem P, Wulferink M, Sachs B, Gonzalez JB, Gleichmann E. 1998. Allergic and autoimmune reactions to xenobiotics: how do they arise? Immunol. Today 19: 133-141.
28. Gutting BW, Schomaker SJ, Kaplan AH, Amacher DE. 1999. A comparison of the direct and reporter antigen popliteal lymph node assay for the detection of immunomodulation by low molecular weight compounds. Toxicol. Sci. 51: 71-79.
29. Gutting BW, Updyke LW, Amacher DE. 2002a. Diclofenac activates T cells in the direct popliteal lymph node assay and selectively induces IgG, and IgE against co-injected TNP-OVA. Toxicol. Lett. 131: 167-180.
30. Gutting BW, Updyke LW, Amacher DE. 2002b. Investigating the TNP-OVA and direct popliteal lymph node assays for the detection of immunostimulation by drugs associated with anaphylaxis in humans. J. Appl. Toxicol. 22: 177-183.
31. Hilton J, Kimber I. 1995. The murine local lymph node assay. Methods Mol. Biol. 43: 227-235.
32. Jacobson DL, Gange SJ, Rose NR, Graham NMH. 1597. Epidemiology and estimated body burden of selected autoimmune diseases in the United States. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 84: 223-243.
33. Joseph X, Utrecht JP, Balazs T. 1988. On the popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay for the detection of autoimmunogens in mice. Toxicologist 8: 43.
34. Kammuller ME, Thomas C, De Bakker JM, Bloksma N, Seinen W. 1989. The popliteal lymph node assay in mice to screen for the immune disregulating potential of chemicals - a preliminary study. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 11: 293-300.
35. Kimber I, Dearman RJ, Basketter DA, Ryan CA, Gerberick GF. 2002. The local lymph node assay: past, present and future. Contact Derm. 47: 315-328.
36. Klinkhammer C, Popowa P, Gleichmann H. 1988. Specific immunity to streptozocin. Cellular requirements for induction of lymphoproliferation. Diabetes 37: 74-80.
37. + lymphocyte subsets by streptozotocin in murine popliteal lymph node test. J. Autoimmun. 5: 183-197.
38. + lymphocyte subsets by streptozotocin in the popliteal lymph node assay. II. Comparison with acute graft-vs-host reaction in H-2 incompatible F1 mouse hybrids. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 14: 865-882.
39. Krzystyniak K, Kozlowska E, Desjardins R, Drela N, Kowalczyk R, Karwowska K, Izdebska-Szymona K. 1995. Different T-cell activation by streptozotocin and Freund's adjuvant in popliteal lymph node (PLN). Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 17: 189-196.
40. Kubicka-Muranyi M, Goebels R, Goebel C, Uetrecht J, Gleichmann E. 1993. T lymphocytes ignore procainamide, but respond to its reactive metabolites in peritoneal cells: demonstration by the adoptive transfer popliteal lymph node assay. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 122: 88-94.
41. Marzio R, Mauel J, Betz-Corradin S. 1999. CD69 and regulation of the immune function. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 21: 565-582.
42. +2 T-cells to spleen cells modified by the drug D-penicillamine or a stereoisomer. J. Immunol. 136: 136-142.
43. O'Garra A, Vieira P. 2004. Regulatory T cells and mechanisms of immune system control. Nat. Med. 10: 801-885.
44. Patriarca C, Verdier F, Brouland JP, Descotes J. 1993. Popliteal lymph node response to procainamide and isoniazid. Role of beta-naphthoflavone, phenobarbitone and S9-mix pretreatment. Toxicol. Lett. 66: 21-28.
45. Patriarca C, Verdier F, Brouland J-P, Vial T, Descotes J. 1994. Comparison of popliteal lymph node responses in various strains of rats. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 13: 455-460.
46. Penninger JM, Irie-Sasaki J, Sasaki T, Oliveira-dos-Santos AJ. 2001. CD45: new jobs for an old acquaintance. Nat. Immunol. 2: 389-396.
47. Pichler WJ. 2002. Modes of presentation of chemical neoantigens to the immune system. Toxicology 181/182: 49-54.
48. Pieters R. 2001. The popliteal lymph node assay: a tool for predicting drug allergies. Toxicology 158: 65-69.
49. Pieters R, Ezendam J, Bleumink R, Bol M, Nierkens S. 2002. Predictive testing for autoimmunity. Toxicol. Lett. 127: 83-91.
50. Powell JJ, Van de Water J, Gershwin ME. 1999. Evidence for the role of environmental agents in the initiation or progression of autoimmune conditions. Environ. Health Perspect. 107: 667-672.
51. Rao T, Richardson B. 1999. Environmentally induced autoimmune diseases: potential mechanisms. Environ. Health Perspect. 107: 737-742.
52. Ravel G, Christ M, Horand F, Descotes J. 2004. Cytokine release as an endpoint to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the direct PLNA. Toxicology 200: 247-254.
53. Roebuck KA, Finnegan A. 1999. Regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) gene expression. J. Leuk. Biol. 66: 876-888.
54. Roger I, Douvin D, Bécourt N, Legrain B. 1994. Procainamide (PA) and popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA): false positive response? Toxicologist 14: 324.
55. Ruat C, Faure L, Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Ravel G, Descotes J. 2003. Tritiated thymidine incorporation does not enhance sensitivity of the popliteal lymph node assay. Toxicology 188: 29-33.
56. Schielen P, Van Der Fiji A, Bleumink R, Pieters RH, Seinen W. 1996. Local popliteal lymph node reactions to hexachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene: comparison with systemic effects. Immunopharmacology 31: 171-181.
57. Schuppe H-C, Pagels J, Kulig J, Huch R, Lerchenmüller C, Gleichmann E. 1993. Specific immunity to platinum compounds after chronic intranasal exposure of mice. Allergologie 16: 421 (abstract).
58. Shinkai K, Nakamura K, Tsutsui N, Kuninishi Y, Iwaki Y, Nishida H, Suzuki R, Vohr H-W, Takahashi M, Takahashi K, Kamimura Y, Maki E. 1999. Mouse popliteal lymph node assay for assessment of allergic and autoimmunity-inducing potentials of low-molecular-weight drugs. J. Toxicol. Sci. 24: 95-102.
59. Suda A, Iwaki Y, Kimura L. 2000. Differentiation of responses to allergenic and irritant compounds in mouse popliteal lymph node assay. J. Toxicol. Sci. 25: 131-136.
60. Thomas C, Groten J, Kammüller ME, De Bakker JM, Seinen W, Bloksma N. 1989. Popliteal lymph node reactions in mice induced by the drug zimeldine. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 11: 693-702.
61. Tuschl H, Landsteiner HT, Kovac R. 2002. Application of the popliteal lymph node assay in immunotoxicity testing: complementation of the direct popliteal lymph node assay with flow cytometric analyses. Toxicology 172: 35-48.
62. Verdier F, Virat M, Descotes J. 1990a. Applicability of the popliteal lymph node assay in the Brown-Norway rat. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 12: 669-677.
63. Verdier F, Brouland J-P, Virat M, Descotes J. 1990b. Phenytoin and the popliteal lymph node assay in Sprague-Dawley rats. J. Toxicol. Clin. Exp. 10: 161-167.
64. Verdier F, Patriarca C, Vial T, Virat M, Descotes J. 1993. Further validation of the popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay in the rat. Pharmacol. Toxicol. II: 46.
65. Verdier F, Patriarca C, Vial T, Descotes J. 1994. Cell phenotyping analysis of popliteal lymph node (PLN) responses. Toxicologist 14: 347.
66. Vial T, Carleer J, Legrain B, Verdier F, Descotes J. 1997. The popliteal lymph node assay: results of a preliminary interlaboratory validation study. Toxicology 122: 213-218.
67. Von Schmiedeberg S, Hanten U, Goebel C, Schuppe HC, Uetrecht J, Gleichmann E. 1996. T cells ignore the parent drug propylthiouracil but are sensitized to a reactive metabolite generated in vivo. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 80: 162-170.
68. Weaver JL, Chapdelaine JM, Descotes J, Germolec D, Holsapple M, House R, Lebrec H, Meade J, Pieters R, Hastings KL, Dean JH. Evaluation of a lymph node proliferation assay for its ability to detect pharmaceuticals with potential to cause immune-mediated drug reactions. J. Immunotoxicol, in press.
69. Weirich U, Friemann J, Rehn B, Henkeludecke U, Lammers T, Sorg C, Bruch J, Gleichmann E. 1996. Silicotic lymph node reactions in mice: genetic differences, correlation with macrophage markers, and independence from T lymphocytes. J. Leuk. Biol. 59: 178-188.
70. Wulferink M, Goebel C, Gonzalez J, Ewen S, Gleichmann E. 1995. T cell reaction against aniline metabolites and their endogenous formation in mononuclear phagocytes (MNP). Immunobiology 194: 160 (abstract).