Progress on development of UV photocathodes for photon-counting applications at NASA GSFC

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Volumn 5898, Issue , 2005, Pages 1-8

  Stock, J ^a   Hilton, G ^b   Norton, T ^b   Woodgate, B ^b   Aslam, S ^b   Ulmer, M ^c  

^a NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^c NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Galium Nitride; GaN; Photocathode; Photon counting; Ultraviolet; UV

Indexed keywords

GAN; PHOTOEMISSIVE DETECTORS; PHOTON-COUNTING; ULTRAVIOLET; UV;

ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS; GALLIUM NITRIDE; IMAGING TECHNIQUES; OPTICAL SENSORS; PHOTOCATHODES; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

PHOTONS;

EID: 29344467172     PISSN: 0277786X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1117/12.617517     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (16)

1. O.H.W. Siegmund, A.S. Tremsin, A. Martin, J, Malloy, M. Ulmer, B. Wessels, "GaN photocathodes for UV detection and imaging", Proc. SPIE UV/EUVand Visible Space Instrumentation for Astronomy II, Ed. Siegmund, Vol. 5164, pp. 134-143, 2003.
2. M.P. Ulmer, B.W. Wessels, B. Han, J. Gregie, A. Tremsin, O.H.W. Siegmund, "Advances in wide-band-gap semiconductor based photocathode devices for low light level applications", Proc. SPIE Future EUV/UV and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, Eds. Blades, Siegmund Vol. 4854, 2003.
3. D.J. Leopold, J.H. Buckley, P. Rebillot, "High quantum efficiency ultraviolet/blue AlGaN/InGaN photocathodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy", Appl. Phys. (submitted).
4. T. Norton, B. Woodgate, J. Stock, G. Hilton, M. Ulmer, S. Aslam, R.D. Vispute, "Results from Cs activated GaN photocathode development for MCP detector systems at NASA GSFC", Proc. SPIE UV/EUVand Visible Space Instrumentation for Astronomy II, Ed. Siegmund, Vol. 5164. pp. 155-164, 2003.
5. S. Uchiyama, Y. Takagi, M. Niigaki, H. Kan. "GaN-based photocathodes with extremely high quantum efficiency", Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103511, 2005.
6. R. L. Bell, Negative Electron Affinity Devices. Clarendon Press, Oxford. (1973).
7. K.S. Kim, C.S. Oh, M.S. Han, C.S. Kim, G.M. Yang, J.W. Yang, C.-H. Hong, C.J. Youn, K.Y. Lim, H.J. Lee, "Co-doping characteristics of Si and Zn with Mg in P-type GaN", MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res. 5S1, W3.84, 2000.
8. B. Han, J.M. Gregie, B.W. Wessels. "Blue emission band in compensated GaN:Mg codoped with Si", Physical Review B 68, 045205, 2003.
9. F. Machuca, Z. Liu, Y. Sun, P. Pianetta, E. Spicer, R.F.W. Pease, "Oxygen species in Cs/O activated gallium nitride (GaN) negative electron affinity photocathodes", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 21(4), 2003.
10. J.S. Escher, R.L. Bell, P.E. Gregory, S.B. Hyder, T.J. Malloney, G.A. Antypas, "Field-assisted semiconductor photoemitters for the l-2nm range". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. Ed-27, No. 7, 1980.
11. M. Niigaki, T. Hirohatam, T. Suzuki, H. Kan, T. Hiruma. "Field-assisted photoemission from InP.InGaAsP photocathode with p/n. junction", Appl. Phys. Lett. 71 (17), 1997.
12. R.J. Nemanich, S.L. English, J.D. Hartman, A.T. Sowers, B.L. Ward, H. Ade, R.F. Davis. "Imaging electron emission from diamond and III-V nitride surfaces with photo-electron emission microscopy," Applied Surface Science, Vol. 146, pp 287-294, 1999.
13. K.A. Bertness, A. Roshko, N.A. Sanford, J.B. Schlager, M.H. Gray, "Formation of AlN and GaN nanocolumns on Si(111) using molecular beam epitaxy with ammonia as a nitrogen source", Physica Status Solidi, Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 2369-2372, 2005.
14. F. Machuca, Z. Liu, Y. Sun, P. Pianetta, W.E. Spicer, R.F.W. Pease, "Role of oxygen in semiconductor negative electron affinity photocathodes, J. Vac. Sci. Tecnol. B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures. Vol. 20. Iss. 6, pp. 2721-2725, 2002.
15. J.F. Muth, J.D. Brown, M.A.L. Johnson, Z. Yu, R.M. Kolbas, J.W. Cook Jr., J.F. Schetzina, "Absorption coefficient and refractive index of GaN, AN, and AlGaN alloys", MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res. 4SI, G5.2, 1999.
16. F. Shahedipour, M. P. Ulmer, B.W. Wessels, C.L. Joseph, T. Nihashi. "Efficient GaN photocathodes for low-level ultraviolet signal detection", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. 38, No. 4, 2002.