Advances in diabetes for the millennium: The heart and diabetes CME

MedGenMed Medscape General Medicine

Volumn 6, Issue 3 SUPPL., 2004, Pages

  Bell, David S H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; AMLODIPINE; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CARVEDILOL; DIHYDROPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; FOSINOPRIL; GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INSULIN; ISRADIPINE; LIPID; LISINOPRIL; METFORMIN; PLASMINOGEN; SULFONYLUREA; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING; BLOOD VESSEL REACTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC HYPERTENSION; DIETARY INTAKE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG USE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EXERCISE; FIBRINOLYSIS; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART PROTECTION; HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RELEASE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIFESTYLE; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MORTALITY; ONSET AGE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATION; RISK REDUCTION; SEX DIFFERENCE; THROMBOCYTE ADHESION; VASOCONSTRICTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; HEART DISEASE; REVIEW;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; HEART DISEASES; HUMANS; HYPERGLYCEMIA;

EID: 27444437916     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Vaccaro O, Stamler J, Neaton JD. Sixteen-year coronary mortality in black and white men with diabetes screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Int J Epidemiol. 1998;27:636-641.
2. Lehto S, Pyorala K, Miettinen H, et al. Myocardial infarct size and mortality in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med. 1994;236:291-297.
3. Wilson PW, Cupples LA, Kannel WB. Is hyperglycemia associated with cardiovascular disease? The Framingham Study. Am Heart J. 1991;121(pt1):586-590.
4. Wei M, Gaskill SP, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Effects of diabetes and level of glycemia on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The San Antonio Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:1167-1172.
5. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Effect of intensive diabetes management on macrovascular events and risk factors in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75:894-903.
6. Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321:405-412.
7. Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HAW, et al. Association of glycemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321:405-412.
8. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlof B, Menard J, Julius S. Benefits of intensive blood pressure lowering and acetylsalicylic acid in hypertensive patients: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet. 1998;351:1755-1962.
9. Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, Bosch J, Davies R, Dagenais G. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145-153.
10. National Institutes of Health. National High Blood Pressure Education Program. The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VI). 1997:98-4080. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/ bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=hbp.TOC Accessed July 29, 2004.
11. MacDonald TM, Butler R, Newton RW, Morris AD. Which drugs benefit diabetic patients for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction? DARTS/MEMO Collaboration. Diabet Med. 1998;15:282-289.
12. Malmberg K, Norhammar A, Wedel H, Ryden L. Glycometabolic state at admission: important risk marker of mortality in conventionally treated patients with diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction: long-term results from the Diabetes and Insulin-Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction (DIGAMI) study. Circulation. 1999;99:2626-2632.
13. Estacio RO, Jeffers BW, Hiat WR, Biggerstaff SL, Gifford N, Schrier RW. The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:645-652.
14. Tatti P, Pahor M, Byington RP, et al. Outcome results of the fosinopril versus amliodipine cardiovascular events randomization trial (FACET) in patients with hypertension and NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:597-603.
15. Borhani N, Mercuri M, Borhani P, et al. Final outcome results of the Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS). JAMA. 1996;276:785-791.
16. Appel LJ. The verdict from ALLHAT - thiazide diuretics are the preferred initial therapy for hypertension. JAMA. 2002;288:3039-3042.
17. Pyorala K, Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Faergeman O, Olsson AG, Thorgeirsson G. Cholesterol lowering with simvastatin improves prognosis of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. A subgroup analysis of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Diabetes Care. 1997;20:614-620.
18. Goldberg RB, Mellies MJ, Sacks FM, et al. Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucose-intolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels: subgroup analyses in the cholesterol and recurrent events (CARE) trial. The Care Investigators. Circulation. 1998;98:2513-2519.
19. Prescott E, Hippe M, Schnohr P, Hein HO, Vestbo J. Smoking and risk of myocardial infarction in women and men: longitudinal population study. BMJ. 1998;316:1043-1047.
20. Matz R. Sulfonylureas and ischemic heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:411-412.
21. Parulkar AA, Pendergrass ML, Granda-Ayala R, Lee TR, Fonseca VA. Nonhypoglycemic effects of thiazolidinediones. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:61-71.
22. Holl RW, Pavlovic M, Heinze E, Thon A. Circadian blood pressure during the early course of type 1 diabetes. Analysis of 1,011 ambulatory blood pressure recordings in 354 adolescents and young adults. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:1151-1157.
23. Despres JP, Lamarche B, Mauriege P, et al. Hyperinsulinemia as an independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:952-957.
24. Lender D, Arauz-Pacheco C, Adams-Huet B, Raskin P. Essential hypertension is associated with decreased insulin clearance and insulin resistance. Hypertension. 1997;29:111-114.
25. Stubbs PJ, Alaghband-Zadeh J, Laycock JF, et al. Significance of an index of insulin resistance on admission in non-diabetic patients with acute coronary syndromes. Heart. 1999;82:443-447.
26. Lempiainen P, Mykkanen L, Pyorala K, et al. Insulin resistance syndrome predicts coronary heart disease events in elderly nondiabetic men. Circulation. 1999;100:123-128.
27. King GL. The role of hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia in causing vascular dysfunction in diabetes. Ann Med. 1996;28:427-432.
28. Balletshofer BM, Rittig K, Enderle MD, et al. Endothelial dysfunction is detectable in young normotensive first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes in association with insulin resistance. Circulation. 2000;101:1780-1784.
29. Turner RC, Milns H, Neil HA, et al. Risk factors for coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 23). BMJ. 1998;316:823-828.
30. Gu K, Cowle CC, Harris MI. Diabetes and decline in heart disease mortality in US adults. JAMA. 1999;281:1291-1297.