β-Carotene: Friend or Foe?

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology

Volumn 40, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 163-174

  Omaye, Stanley T ^a   Krinsky, Norman I ^b   Kagan, Valerian E ^c   Mayne, Susan T ^d   Liebler, Daniel C ^e   Bidlack, Wayne R ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^d YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

^f CALIFORNIA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; BETA CAROTENE; CAROTENOID;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; CANCER PREVENTION; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; HUMAN; LIPID PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REVIEW; SYMPOSIUM; TOXICITY;

EID: 26844552571     PISSN: 02720590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/faat.1997.2387     Document Type: Review

References (65)

1. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:1994;1029-1035.
2. Albanes D., Heinonen O. P., Taylor P. R., Virtamo J., Edwards B. K., Rautalahti M., Hartman A. M., Palmgren J., Freedman L. S., Haapakoski J., Barrett M. J., Pietinen P., Malila N., Tala E., Liippo K., Salomaa E. R., Tangrea J. A., Teppo L., Askin F. B., Taskinen E., Erozan Y., Greenwald P., Huttunen J. K. Alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements and lung cancer incidence in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study: Effects of base-line characteristics and study compliance. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 88:1996;1560-1570.
3. Allard J. P., Royall D., Kurian R., Muggli R., Jeejeebhoy K. N. Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxidation in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 59:1994;884-890.
4. Armstrong G. A., Hearst J. B. Genetics and molecular biology of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis. FASEB J. 10:1996;228-237.
5. Block G., Patterson B., Subar A. Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: A review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutr. Cancer. 18:1992;1-29.
6. Blot W. J., Li J.-Y., Taylor P. R., Guo W., Dawsey S., Wang G.-Q., Yang C. S., Zheng S.-F., Gail M., Li G.-Y., Yu Y., Lin B.-Q., Tangrea J., Sun Y.-H., Liu F., Fraumeni J. F. Jr., Zhang Y.-H., Li B. Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1993;1483-1491.
7. Bohm F., Edge R., Land E. J., McGarvey D. J., Truscott T. G. Carotenoids enhance vitamin E antioxidant efficiency. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119:1997;621-622.
8. Bowen H. T., Omaye S. T. α-Tocopherol, β-carotene, and oxidative modification of human low-density lipoprotein. Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants. 1997;Taylor and Francis, Washington.
9. Britton G. Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation to function. FASEB J. 9:1995;1551-1558.
10. Burton G. W., Ingold K. U. β-Carotene: An unusual type of lipid antioxidant. Science. 224:1984;569-573.
11. Devery J., Milborrow B. V. β-Carotene-15,15′-dioxygenase (EC. Br. J. Nutr. 72:1994;397-414.
12. Everett S. A., Dennis M. F., Patel K. B., Maddix S., Kundu S. C., Wilson R. L. Scavenging of nitrogen dioxide, thiyl, and sulfonyl free radicals by the nutritional antioxidant β-carotene. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;3988-3994.
13. Frank H. A., Cogdell R. J. Carotenoids in photosynthesis. Photochem. Photobiol. 63:1996;257-264.
14. Gaziano J. M., Hennekens C. H. The role of beta-carotene in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 691:1993;148-155.
15. Halliwell B., Gutteridge J. M. C., Cross C. E. Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: Where are we now? J. Lab. Clin. Med. 119:1991;598-620.
16. Handelman G. J., van Kuijk F. J. G. M., Chatterjee A., Krinsky N. I. Characterization of products formed during the autoxidation of β-carotene. Free Radical Biol. Med. 10:1991;427-437.
17. Handelman G. J., Packer L., Cross C. E. Destruction of tocopherol, carotenoids, and retinol in human plasma by cigarette smoke. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 63:1996;559-565.
18. Hankinson S. E., Stampfer M. J. All that glitters is not beta carotene. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 272:1994;1455-1457.
19. Hennekens C. H., Buring J. E., Manson J. E., Stampfer M., Rosner B., Cook N. R., Belanger C., LaMotte F., Gaziano J. M., Ridker P. M., Willett W., Peto R. Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta-carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:1996;1145-1149.
20. Heyman R. A., Mangelsdorf D. J., Dyck J. A., Stein R. B., Eichele G., Evans R. M., Thaller C. 9-cis. Cell. 68:1992;397-406.
21. Jones D. P., Kagan V. E., Aust S. D., Reed D. J., Omaye S. T. Impact of nutrient on cellular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 26:1995;1-7.
22. Kennedy T. A., Liebler D. C. Peroxyl radical scavenging by β-carotene in lipid bilayers. Effect of oxygen partial pressure. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1992;4658-4663.
23. Kostic D., White W. S., Olson J. A. Intestinal absorption, serum clearance, and interactions between lutein and β-carotene when administered to human adults in separate or combined oral doses. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62:1995;604-610.
24. Krinsky N. I. Actions of carotenoids in biological systems. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 13:1993;561-587.
25. Krinsky N. I. Carotenoids and cancer: Basic research studies. Frei B. Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease. 1994;239-261 Academic Press, San Diego.
26. Lander H. M. An essential role for free radicals and derived species in signal transduction. FASEB J. 11:1997;118-124.
27. Levin A. A., Sturzenbecker L. J., Kazmer S., Bosakowski T., Huselton C., Allenby G., Speck J., Kratseisen C., Rosenberger M., Lovey A., Grippo J. F. 9-cis. Nature (London). 355:1992;359-361.
28. Liebler D. C. Antioxidant reactions of carotenoids. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 669:1993;2-31.
29. Liebler D. C., McClure T. D. Antioxidant reactions of β-carotene: Identification of carotenoid-radical adducts. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 9:1996;8-11.
30. Liebler D. C., Stratton S. P., Kaysen K. L. Antioxidant actions of β-carotene in liposomal and microsomal membranes: Role of carotenoid-membrane incorporation and α-tocopherol. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 338:1997;244-250.
31. Mayne S. T. Beta-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. FASEB J. 10:1996;690-701.
32. Mayne S. T. β-Carotene and Cancer Prevention: Clinical Trials. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 40. 1997.
33. Mayne S. T., Handelman G. J., Beecher G. Beta-carotene and lung cancer promotion in heavy smokers - A plausible relationship? J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 88:1996;1513-1515.
34. Mayne S. T., Zheng T., Janerich D. T., Goodwin W. J. Jr., Fallon B. G., Cooper D. L., Friedman C. D. A population-based trial of beta-carotene chemoprevention of head and neck cancer. Newell G. R., Hong W. K. The Biology and Prevention of Aerodigestive Tract Cancers. 1992;119-127 Plenum Press, New York.
35. McClure T. D., Liebler D. C. A rapid method for profiling the products of antioxidant reactions by negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 8:1995;128-135.
36. Meydani M., Martin A., Ribaya-Mercado J. D., Gong J., Blumberg J. B., Russell R. M. β-Carotene supplementation increases antioxidant capacity of plasma in older women. J. Nutr. 124:1994;2397-2403.
37. Micozzi M. S., Brown E. D., Edwards B. K. K., Bieri J. G., Taylor P. R., Khachik R., Beecher G. R., Smith J. C. Jr. Plasma carotenoid response to chronic intake of selected foods and β-carotene supplements in men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 55:1992;1120-1125.
38. Mortensen A., Skibsted L. H. Kinetics of parallel electron transfer from β-carotene to phenoxyl radical and adduct formation between phenoxyl radical. Free Radical Res. 25:1996;515-518.
39. Nagao A., During A., Hoshino C., Terao J., Olson J. A. Stoichiometric conversion of all-trans. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 328:1996;57-63.
40. Nagao A., Olson J. A. Enzymatic formation of 9-cis,cistrans. FASEB J. 8:1994;968-973.
41. Omaye S. T., Burri B. J., Swendseid M. E., Henning S. M., Briggs L. A., Bowen H. T., Ota R. B. Blood antioxidant changes in young women following β-carotene depletion and repletion. J. Am. Col. Nutr. 15:1996;469-474.
42. Omaye S. T., Zhang P. Phytochemical interactions: β-Carotene, tocopherol, and ascorbic acid. Bidlack W. R., Omaye S. T. Phytochemicals: Today's Knowledge for Tomorrow's Products. 1997;Technomic Publishing Co. Lancaster.
43. Omenn G. S., Goodman G. E., Thornquist M. D., Balmes J., Cullen M. R., Glass A., Keogh J. P., Meyskens F. L. Jr., Valanis B., Williams J. H. Jr., Barnhart S., Hammar S. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:1996a;1150-1155.
44. Omenn G. S., Goodman G. E., Thornquist M. D., Balmes J., Cullen M. R., Glass A., Keogh J. P., Meyskens F. L. Jr., Valanis B., Williams J. H. Jr., Barnhart S., Cherniack M. G., Brodlin C. A., Hammar S. Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 88:1996b;1550-1558.
45. Palozza P., Calviello G., Bartoli G. M. Prooxidant activity of β-carotene under 100% oxygen pressure in rat liver microsomes. Free Radical Biol. Med. 19:1995;887-892.
46. Palozza P., Krinsky N. I. Antioxidant effects of carotenoidsin vitroin vivo: Methods Enzymol. 213:1992;403-420.
47. Palozza P., Luberto C., Calviello G., Ricci P., Bartoli G. M. Antioxidant and prooxidant role of β-carotene in murine normal and tumor thymocytes: Effects of oxygen pressure. Free Radical Biol. Med. 22:1997;1065-1073.
48. Parker R. S. Absorption, metabolism, and transport of carotenoids. FASEB J. 10:1996;542-551.
49. Peto R., Doll R. J., Buckley J. D., Sporn M. B. Can dietary β-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates? Nature (London). 290:1981;201-208.
50. Pryor W. A., Stone K. Oxidants in cigarette smoke. Radicals, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrate, and peroxynitrite. Diana J. N., Pryor W. A. Tobacco Smoking and Nutrition. 1993;12-28 New York Academy of Sciences, New York.
51. Ritov V. B., Banni S., Yalowich J. C., Day B. W., Claycamp H. G., Corongiu F. P., Kagan V. E. Nonrandom peroxidation of different classes of membrane in live cells detected by metabolically integratedcis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1283:1996a;127-140.
52. 22. Toxicol. Lett. 87:1996b;121-129.
53. Sen C. K., Packer L. Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription. FASEB J. 10:1996;709-720.
54. Sies H., Stahl W. Vitamins E and C, β-carotene and other carotenoids as antioxidants. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62:1995;1315S-1321S.
55. Stahl W., Schwarz W., Sundquist A. R., Sies H. cis-trans. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 294:1992;173-177.
56. Stahl W., Sundquist A. R., Hanusch M., Schwarz W., Sies H. Separation of β-carotene and lycopene geometrical isomers in biological samples. Clin. Chem. 39:1993;810-814.
57. Suzuki T., Matsui M., Murayama A. Biological activity of (all-E)-β-apo-12′-carotenoic acid and the geometrical isomers on human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 41:1995;575-585.
58. Traber M. G., Diamond S. R., Lane J. C., Brody R. L., Kayden H. J. β-Carotene transport in human lipoproteins. Comparison with α-tocopherol. Lipids. 29:1994;665-669.
59. Wang X.-D., Krinsky N. I. Identification and quantification of retinoic acid and other metabolites from β-carotene excentric cleavage in human intestinein vitroin vivo. Methods Enzymol. 282:1997;117-130.
60. Wang X.-D., Krinsky N. I., Benotti P. N., Russell R. M. Biosynthesis of 9-ciscisin vitro. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 313:1994;150-155.
61. White W. S., Stacewiez-Sapuntzakis M., Erdman J. W., Bowen P. E. Pharmacokinetics of β-carotene and canthaxanthin after ingestion of individual and combined doses by human subjects. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 13:1994;665-671.
62. You C-S., Parker R. S., Goodman K. J., Sanson J. E., Corso T. N. Evidence ofcis-transcis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 64:1996;177-183.
63. Ziegler R. G. A review of epidemiologic evidence that carotenoids reduce the risk of cancer. J. Nutr. 119:1989;116-122.
64. Ziegler R. G., Colavito E. A., Hartge P., McAdams M. J., Schoenberg J. B., Mason T. J., Fraumeni J. F. Jr. Importance of α-carotene, β-carotene and other phytochemicals in the etiology of lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 88:1996a;612-615.
65. Ziegler R. G., Mayne S. T., Swanson C. A. Nutrition and lung cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 7:1996b;157-177.