메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 405-412

Pollution related effects on immune function and stress in a free-living population of pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEAVY METAL; IMMUNE RESPONSE; NESTING SUCCESS; PASSERINE; POLLUTION EFFECT;

EID: 26444604964     PISSN: 09088857     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0908-8857.2005.03449.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (67)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0042879443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort reduces long-term immune function in breeding tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)
    • Ardia, D. R., Schat, K. A. and Winkler, D. W. 2003. Reproductive effort reduces long-term immune function in breeding tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). - Proc. R. Soc. B 270: 1679-1683.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.270 , pp. 1679-1683
    • Ardia, D.R.1    Schat, K.A.2    Winkler, D.W.3
  • 2
    • 0000502697 scopus 로고
    • The peripheral endocrine glands
    • Farner, D. S. (ed.). Academic Press
    • Assenmacher, I. 1973. The peripheral endocrine glands. - In: Farner, D. S. (ed.). Avian biology. Academic Press, pp. 183-286.
    • (1973) Avian Biology , pp. 183-286
    • Assenmacher, I.1
  • 3
    • 0029554122 scopus 로고
    • Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes
    • Bernier, J. and Brousseau, P. 1995. Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes. - Environ. Health Persp. 103: 23-34.
    • (1995) Environ. Health Persp. , vol.103 , pp. 23-34
    • Bernier, J.1    Brousseau, P.2
  • 4
    • 0344551942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contamination with nonessential metals from a solid-waste incinerator correlates with nutritional and immunological stress in prefledgling black kites (Milvus migrans)
    • Blanco, G., Jimenez, B., Frias, O., Millan, J. and Davila, J. A. 2004. Contamination with nonessential metals from a solid-waste incinerator correlates with nutritional and immunological stress in prefledgling black kites (Milvus migrans). - Environ. Res. 94: 94-101.
    • (2004) Environ. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 94-101
    • Blanco, G.1    Jimenez, B.2    Frias, O.3    Millan, J.4    Davila, J.A.5
  • 5
    • 0000510315 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine responses to environmental pollutants
    • Rankin, J. C. (ed.). Chapman & Hall
    • Brown, J. A. 1993. Endocrine responses to environmental pollutants. - In: Rankin, J. C. (ed.). Fish ecophysiology. Chapman & Hall, pp. 276-296.
    • (1993) Fish Ecophysiology , pp. 276-296
    • Brown, J.A.1
  • 6
    • 0034731220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in developmental immunotoxicity to lead in the chicken: Analysis following a single early low-level exposure in ovo
    • Bunn, T. L., Marsh, J. A. and Dietert, R. R. 2000. Gender differences in developmental immunotoxicity to lead in the chicken: Analysis following a single early low-level exposure in ovo. - J. Tox. Environ. Health Part A 29: 677-693.
    • (2000) J. Tox. Environ. Health Part A , vol.29 , pp. 677-693
    • Bunn, T.L.1    Marsh, J.A.2    Dietert, R.R.3
  • 7
    • 0035096063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of elevated reproductive effort on humoral immune function in collared flycatcher females
    • Cichon, M., Dubiec, A. and Chadzinska, M. 2001. The effect of elevated reproductive effort on humoral immune function in collared flycatcher females. - Acta Oecologica-Int. J. Ecol. 22: 71-76.
    • (2001) Acta Oecologica-Int. J. Ecol. , vol.22 , pp. 71-76
    • Cichon, M.1    Dubiec, A.2    Chadzinska, M.3
  • 8
    • 0030753599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort decreases antibody responsiveness
    • Deerenberg, C., Arpanius, V., Daan, S. and Bos, N. 1997. Reproductive effort decreases antibody responsiveness. - Proc. R. Soc. B 264: 1021-1029.
    • (1997) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.264 , pp. 1021-1029
    • Deerenberg, C.1    Arpanius, V.2    Daan, S.3    Bos, N.4
  • 9
    • 0032212252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal and macronutrient fluxes in heavy-metal polluted Scots pine ecosystems in SW Finland
    • Derome, J. and Nieminen, T. 1998. Metal and macronutrient fluxes in heavy-metal polluted Scots pine ecosystems in SW Finland. - Environ. Poll. 103: 219-228.
    • (1998) Environ. Poll. , vol.103 , pp. 219-228
    • Derome, J.1    Nieminen, T.2
  • 10
    • 0030301685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and mortality of nestling great tits (Parus major) and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) in a heavy metal pollution gradient
    • Eeva, T. and Lehikoinen, E. 1996. Growth and mortality of nestling great tits (Parus major) and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) in a heavy metal pollution gradient. - Oecologia 108: 631-639.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.108 , pp. 631-639
    • Eeva, T.1    Lehikoinen, E.2
  • 11
    • 0031719846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local survival rates of the pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) and the great tits (Parus major) in an air pollution gradient
    • Eeva, T. and Lehikoinen, E. 1998. Local survival rates of the pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) and the great tits (Parus major) in an air pollution gradient. - Ecoscience 5: 46-50.
    • (1998) Ecoscience , vol.5 , pp. 46-50
    • Eeva, T.1    Lehikoinen, E.2
  • 12
    • 0034707902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of breeding success in wild birds
    • Eeva, T. and Lehikoinen, E. 2000. Recovery of breeding success in wild birds. - Nature 403: 851-852.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 851-852
    • Eeva, T.1    Lehikoinen, E.2
  • 13
    • 0346269255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollution-induced nutritional stress in birds: An experimental study of direct and indirect effects
    • Eeva, T., Lehikoinen, E. and Nikinmaa, M. 2003. Pollution-induced nutritional stress in birds: an experimental study of direct and indirect effects. - Ecol. Appl. 13: 1242-1249.
    • (2003) Ecol. Appl. , vol.13 , pp. 1242-1249
    • Eeva, T.1    Lehikoinen, E.2    Nikinmaa, M.3
  • 14
    • 0030613836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollution-related variation in food supply and breeding success in two hole-nesting passerines
    • Eeva, T., Lehikoinen, E. and Pohjalainen, T. 1997. Pollution-related variation in food supply and breeding success in two hole-nesting passerines. - Ecology 78: 1120-1131.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 1120-1131
    • Eeva, T.1    Lehikoinen, E.2    Pohjalainen, T.3
  • 15
    • 0033905329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers and fluctuating asymmetry as indicators of pollution-induced stress in two hole-nesting passerines
    • Eeva, T., Tanhuanpää, S., Råbergh, C., Airaksinen, S., Nikinmaa, M. and Lehikoinen, E. 2000. Biomarkers and fluctuating asymmetry as indicators of pollution-induced stress in two hole-nesting passerines. - Funct. Ecol. 14: 235-243.
    • (2000) Funct. Ecol. , vol.14 , pp. 235-243
    • Eeva, T.1    Tanhuanpää, S.2    Råbergh, C.3    Airaksinen, S.4    Nikinmaa, M.5    Lehikoinen, E.6
  • 16
    • 0028874256 scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute lead ingestion and diet on antibody and T-cell-mediated immunity in Japanese quail
    • Grasman, K. A. and Scanlon, P. F. 1995. Effects of acute lead ingestion and diet on antibody and T-cell-mediated immunity in Japanese quail. - Archives Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 28: 161-167.
    • (1995) Archives Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.28 , pp. 161-167
    • Grasman, K.A.1    Scanlon, P.F.2
  • 17
    • 0020838397 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens
    • Gross, W. B. and Siegel, H. S. 1983. Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. - Avian Diseases 27: 927-979.
    • (1983) Avian Diseases , vol.27 , pp. 927-979
    • Gross, W.B.1    Siegel, H.S.2
  • 18
    • 2342618188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs of immunity: Immune responsiveness reduces survival in a vertebrate
    • Hanssen, S. A., Hasselquist, D., Folstad, I. and Erikstad, K. E. 2004. Costs of immunity: immune responsiveness reduces survival in a vertebrate. - Proc. R. Soc. B 271: 925-930.
    • (2004) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.271 , pp. 925-930
    • Hanssen, S.A.1    Hasselquist, D.2    Folstad, I.3    Erikstad, K.E.4
  • 20
    • 0035139416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humoral immunocompetence correlates with date of egg-laying and reflects work load in female tree swallows
    • Hasselquist, D., Wasson, M. F. and Winkler, D. W. 2001. Humoral immunocompetence correlates with date of egg-laying and reflects work load in female tree swallows. - Behav. Ecol. 12: 93-97.
    • (2001) Behav. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 93-97
    • Hasselquist, D.1    Wasson, M.F.2    Winkler, D.W.3
  • 21
    • 0031674263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haematological health state indices of reproducing Great Tits: A response to brood size manipulation
    • Hõrak, P., Ots, I. and Murumägi, A. 1998. Haematological health state indices of reproducing Great Tits: A response to brood size manipulation. - Funct. Ecol. 12: 750-756.
    • (1998) Funct. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 750-756
    • Hõrak, P.1    Ots, I.2    Murumägi, A.3
  • 22
    • 0036112203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeatability of condition indices in captive greenfinches (Carduelis chloris)
    • Hõrak, P., Saks, L., Ots, I. and Kollist, H. 2002. Repeatability of condition indices in captive greenfinches (Carduelis chloris). - Can. J. Zool. 80: 636-643.
    • (2002) Can. J. Zool. , vol.80 , pp. 636-643
    • Hõrak, P.1    Saks, L.2    Ots, I.3    Kollist, H.4
  • 24
    • 0034616129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimentally activated immune defence in female pied flycatchers results in reduced breeding success
    • Ilmonen, P., Taarna, T. and Hasselquist, D. 2000. Experimentally activated immune defence in female pied flycatchers results in reduced breeding success. - Proc. R. Soc. B 267: 665-670.
    • (2000) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.267 , pp. 665-670
    • Ilmonen, P.1    Taarna, T.2    Hasselquist, D.3
  • 25
    • 0002557593 scopus 로고
    • Spreading of heavy metals and some other air pollutants at Pori-Harjavalta district in SW-Finland
    • Jussila, I. and Jormalainen, V. 1991. Spreading of heavy metals and some other air pollutants at Pori-Harjavalta district in SW-Finland. - SYKEsarja B 4: 1-58.
    • (1991) SYKEsarja B , vol.4 , pp. 1-58
    • Jussila, I.1    Jormalainen, V.2
  • 26
    • 0031404703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-12 promotes enhanced resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection of lead-exposed mice
    • Kishikawa, H., Song, R. J. and Lawrence, D. A. 1997. Interleukin-12 promotes enhanced resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection of lead-exposed mice. - Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 147: 180-189.
    • (1997) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.147 , pp. 180-189
    • Kishikawa, H.1    Song, R.J.2    Lawrence, D.A.3
  • 27
    • 0028977116 scopus 로고
    • Variations in chemical composition of birch foliage under air pollution stress and their consequences for Eriocrania miners
    • Koricheva, J. and Haukioja, E. 1995. Variations in chemical composition of birch foliage under air pollution stress and their consequences for Eriocrania miners. - Environ. Poll. 88: 41-50.
    • (1995) Environ. Poll. , vol.88 , pp. 41-50
    • Koricheva, J.1    Haukioja, E.2
  • 28
    • 0029549648 scopus 로고
    • Approaches to the evaluation of chemical-induced immunotoxicity
    • Krzystyniak, K., Tryphonas, H. and Fournier, M. 1995. Approaches to the evaluation of chemical-induced immunotoxicity. - Environ. Health Persp. 103: 17-22.
    • (1995) Environ. Health Persp. , vol.103 , pp. 17-22
    • Krzystyniak, K.1    Tryphonas, H.2    Fournier, M.3
  • 29
    • 0000692381 scopus 로고
    • A survey of element concentrations in the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes in Finland in 1985-86
    • Kauppi, P. (ed.). Springer-Verlag
    • Kubin, E. 1990. A survey of element concentrations in the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes in Finland in 1985-86. - In: Kauppi, P. (ed.). Acidification in Finland. Springer-Verlag, pp. 421-446.
    • (1990) Acidification in Finland , pp. 421-446
    • Kubin, E.1
  • 30
    • 0019513051 scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro effects of lead on humoral and cell-mediated immunity
    • Lawrence, D. A. 1981. In vivo and in vitro effects of lead on humoral and cell-mediated immunity. - Infection and Immunity 31: 136-143.
    • (1981) Infection and Immunity , vol.31 , pp. 136-143
    • Lawrence, D.A.1
  • 31
    • 0033200343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metallothionein-null mice are highly susceptible to the hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of chronic CdCl2 exposure
    • Liu, J., Liu, Y. P., Habeebu, S. S. and Klaassen, C. D. 1999. Metallothionein-null mice are highly susceptible to the hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of chronic CdCl2 exposure. - Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 159: 98-108.
    • (1999) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.159 , pp. 98-108
    • Liu, J.1    Liu, Y.P.2    Habeebu, S.S.3    Klaassen, C.D.4
  • 32
    • 0034007848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: Just what is the cost of immunity?
    • Lochmiller, R. L. and Deerenberg, C. 2000. Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: just what is the cost of immunity? - Oikos 88: 87-98.
    • (2000) Oikos , vol.88 , pp. 87-98
    • Lochmiller, R.L.1    Deerenberg, C.2
  • 33
    • 0038201467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal trade-offs in cell-mediated immunosenescence in ruffs (Philomachus pugnax)
    • Lozano, G. A. and Lank, D. B. 2003. Seasonal trade-offs in cell-mediated immunosenescence in ruffs (Philomachus pugnax). - Proc. R. Soc. B 270: 1203-1208.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.270 , pp. 1203-1208
    • Lozano, G.A.1    Lank, D.B.2
  • 34
    • 84972208852 scopus 로고
    • Avian blood leucocyte responses to stress
    • Maxwell, M. H. 1993. Avian blood leucocyte responses to stress. - World's Poult. Sci. 59: 34-43.
    • (1993) World's Poult. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 34-43
    • Maxwell, M.H.1
  • 35
    • 26444609553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioindicators of contaminant exposure and effect in aquatic and terrestrial monitoring
    • Hoffman, D. J., Rattner, B. A., Burton Jr., G. A. and Cairns Jr., J. (eds). Lewis Publishers
    • Melancon, M. J. 2003. Bioindicators of contaminant exposure and effect in aquatic and terrestrial monitoring. - In: Hoffman, D. J., Rattner, B. A., Burton Jr., G. A. and Cairns Jr., J. (eds). Handbook of ecotoxicology. Lewis Publishers, pp. 257-278.
    • (2003) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 257-278
    • Melancon, M.J.1
  • 36
    • 0021153219 scopus 로고
    • Immunotoxic effects of diethylsilbertrol (DES) and calcium chloride (CAD) on host resistance: Comparison with cyclophosphamide (CPS)
    • Morahan, P. S., Bradley, A. E., Munson, A. E., Duke, S., Fromtling, R. A., Marciano-Cabral, F. and Jesse, E. 1984. Immunotoxic effects of diethylsilbertrol (DES) and calcium chloride (CAD) on host resistance: comparison with cyclophosphamide (CPS). - Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 161: 403-406.
    • (1984) Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. , vol.161 , pp. 403-406
    • Morahan, P.S.1    Bradley, A.E.2    Munson, A.E.3    Duke, S.4    Fromtling, R.A.5    Marciano-Cabral, F.6    Jesse, E.7
  • 37
    • 0036926741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios and heat-shock protein levels are related to growth in nestling birds
    • Moreno, J., Merino, S., Martinez, J., Sanz, J. J. and Arriero, E. 2002. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios and heat-shock protein levels are related to growth in nestling birds. - Ecoscience 9: 434-439.
    • (2002) Ecoscience , vol.9 , pp. 434-439
    • Moreno, J.1    Merino, S.2    Martinez, J.3    Sanz, J.J.4    Arriero, E.5
  • 38
    • 0031715418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haematological health state indices of reproducing Great tits: Methodology and sources of natural variation
    • Ots, I., Murumägi, A. and Hõrak, P. 1998. Haematological health state indices of reproducing Great tits: methodology and sources of natural variation. - Funct. Ecol. 12: 700-707.
    • (1998) Funct. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 700-707
    • Ots, I.1    Murumägi, A.2    Hõrak, P.3
  • 39
    • 0347270402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost of reproduction, T-lymphocyte mediated immunocompetence and health status in female and nestling barn swallows Hirundo rustica
    • Pap, P. L. and Márkus, R. 2003. Cost of reproduction, T-lymphocyte mediated immunocompetence and health status in female and nestling barn swallows Hirundo rustica. - J. Avian Biol. 34: 428-434.
    • (2003) J. Avian Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 428-434
    • Pap, P.L.1    Márkus, R.2
  • 40
    • 0032494125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the adaptive significance of stress-induced immunosuppression
    • Råberg, L., Grahn, M., Hasselquist, D. and Svensson, E. 1998. On the adaptive significance of stress-induced immunosuppression. - Proc. R. Soc. B 265: 1637-1641.
    • (1998) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.265 , pp. 1637-1641
    • Råberg, L.1    Grahn, M.2    Hasselquist, D.3    Svensson, E.4
  • 42
    • 0041695558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune responsiveness in adult blue tits: Heritability and effects of nutritional status during ontogeny
    • Råberg, L., Stjernman, M. and Hasselquist, D. 2003. Immune responsiveness in adult blue tits: heritability and effects of nutritional status during ontogeny. - Oecologia 136: 360-364.
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.136 , pp. 360-364
    • Råberg, L.1    Stjernman, M.2    Hasselquist, D.3
  • 43
    • 0031667576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenocortical responses to stress in breeding pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca: Relation to latitude, sex and mating status
    • Silverin, B. and Wingfield, J. C. 1998. Adrenocortical responses to stress in breeding pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca: relation to latitude, sex and mating status. - J. Avian Biol. 29: 228-234.
    • (1998) J. Avian Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 228-234
    • Silverin, B.1    Wingfield, J.C.2
  • 44
    • 0035936846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody-mediated immunotoxicity in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls
    • Smits, J. E. G. and Bortolotti, G. R. 2001. Antibody-mediated immunotoxicity in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. - J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A 62: 217-226.
    • (2001) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A , vol.62 , pp. 217-226
    • Smits, J.E.G.1    Bortolotti, G.R.2
  • 45
    • 0032825331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simplifying the phytohaemagglutinin skin- Testing technique in studies of avian immunocompetence
    • Smits, J. E., Bortolotti, G. R. and Tella, J. L. 1999. Simplifying the phytohaemagglutinin skin- testing technique in studies of avian immunocompetence. - Funct. Ecol. 13: 567-572.
    • (1999) Funct. Ecol. , vol.13 , pp. 567-572
    • Smits, J.E.1    Bortolotti, G.R.2    Tella, J.L.3
  • 46
    • 0037423605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-off between immunocompetence and growth in magpies: An experimental study
    • Soler, J. J., de Neve, L., Perez-Contreras, T., Soler, M. and Sorci, G. 2003. Trade-off between immunocompetence and growth in magpies: an experimental study. - Proc. R. Soc. B 270: 241-248.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.270 , pp. 241-248
    • Soler, J.J.1    De Neve, L.2    Perez-Contreras, T.3    Soler, M.4    Sorci, G.5
  • 47
    • 0028437041 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 7,12dimethylbenz(a)anthracene on immune function and mixed-function oxygenase activity in the European starling
    • Trust, K. A., Fairbrother, A. and Hooper, M. J. 1994. Effects of 7,12dimethylbenz(a)anthracene on immune function and mixed-function oxygenase activity in the European starling. - Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 13: 821-830.
    • (1994) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.13 , pp. 821-830
    • Trust, K.A.1    Fairbrother, A.2    Hooper, M.J.3
  • 48
    • 0242584987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarker responses in nesting, common eiders in the Canadian arctic in relation to tissuecadmium, mercury and selenium concentrations
    • Wayland, M., Smits, J. E. G., Gilchrist, H. G., Marchant, T. and Keating, J. 2003. Biomarker responses in nesting, common eiders in the Canadian arctic in relation to tissuecadmium, mercury and selenium concentrations. - Ecotoxicology 12: 225-237.
    • (2003) Ecotoxicology , vol.12 , pp. 225-237
    • Wayland, M.1    Smits, J.E.G.2    Gilchrist, H.G.3    Marchant, T.4    Keating, J.5
  • 49
    • 0038170367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tests of association between the humoral immune response of red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and male plumage, testosterone, or reproductive success
    • Westneat, D. F., Hasselquist, D. and Wingfield, J. C. 2003. Tests of association between the humoral immune response of red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and male plumage, testosterone, or reproductive success. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 53: 315-323.
    • (2003) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.53 , pp. 315-323
    • Westneat, D.F.1    Hasselquist, D.2    Wingfield, J.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.