Immunomodulation in parasitic infections: Parasite products as prototype immunotherapeutic agents

Emirates Medical Journal

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 119-126

  Dissanayake, Senarath ^a  

^a UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY   (United Arab Emirates)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA GLUCAN; GAMMA INTERFERON; PARASITE ANTIGEN; VACCINE;

ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; HELMINTHIASIS; HUMAN; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MACROPHAGE; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NONHUMAN; PARASITOSIS; PATHOGENESIS; PUBLISHING; REVIEW; SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI; SKIN LEISHMANIASIS; TAENIA; TAENIA CRASSICEPS; TH1 CELL; TH2 CELL; VACCINATION;

EID: 26444520464     PISSN: 02506882     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Herbert DR, Holscher C, Mohrs M, et al: Alternate macrophage activation is essential for survival during schistosomiasis and downmodulates T helper 1 responses and immunopathology. Immunity, 2004; 20: 623-635.
2. Tadokoro CE, Vallochi AL, Rios LS, et al: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis can be prevented and cured by infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. J Autoimmun, 2004; 23: 103-115.
3. El-Wakil HS, Aboushousha TS, El Haddad O, Gamil NB, Mansour T and El-Said H: Effect of schistosoma mansoni egg deposition on multiple low doses streptozotocin induced insulin dependent diabetes. J Egypt Soc Parasitol, 2002; 32: 987-1002.
4. La Flamme AC, Canagasabey K, Harvie M and Backstrom BT: Schistosomiasis protects against multiple sclerosis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 2004; 99: 33-36.
5. McInnes IB, Leung BP, Harnett M, Gracie JA, Liew FY and Harnett W: A novel therapeutic approach targeting articular inflammation using the filarial nematode-derived phosphorylcholine-containing glycoprotein ES-62. J Immunol, 2003; 171: 2127-2133.
6. Dissanayake S, Nasir K, Shahin A, Wijesinghe S and Lukic ML: Induction of JgG1, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 by Taenia crassiceps metacestode carbohydrates. Immunology, 2002; 107: 411-419.
7. Dissanayake S, Amith AS and Shahin A: Taenia crassiceps carbohydrates stimulate IL-6 expression in naïve murine macrophages via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Mol Immunol, 2004; 41: 391-398.
8. Dissanayake S, Shahin A and Ameen AM: Adjuvant effect of Taenia crassiceps glycans against leishmanial antigens in mice infected with Leishmania mexicana. Mol Immunol, 2005; 42: 1495-502.
9. Zambrano-Villa S, Rosales-Borjas D, Carrero JC and Ortiz-Ortiz L: How protozoan parasites evade the immune response. Trends Parasitol, 2002; 18: 272-278.
10. Ocana-Morgner C, Mota MM and Rodriguez A: Malaria blood stage suppression of liver stage immunity by dendritic cells. J Exp Med, 2003; 197: 143-151.
11. Urban BC, Ferguson DJ, Pain A, et al: Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes modulate the maturation of dendritic cells. Nature, 1999; 400: 73-77.
12. Plebanski M, Flanagan KL, Lee EA, et al: Interleukin 10-mediated immunosuppression by a variant CD4 T cell epitope of Plasmodium falciparum. Immunity, 1999; 10: 651-660.
13. Goto H and Lindoso JA: Immunity and immunosuppression in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Braz J Med Biol Res, 2004; 37: 615-623.
14. Das G, Vohra H, Rao K, Saha B and Mishra GC: Leishmania donovani infection of a susceptible host results in CD4+ T-cell apoptosis and decreased Th1 cytokine production. Scand J Immunol, 1999; 49: 307-310.
15. Belkaid Y: The role of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in Leishmania infection. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2003; 3: 875-885.
16. Aseffa A, Gumy A, Launois P, MacDonald HR, Louis JA and Tacchini-Cottier F: The early JL-4 response to Leishmania major and the resulting Th2 cell maturation steering progressive disease in BALB/c mice are subject to the control of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells. J Immunol, 2002; 169: 3232-3241.
17. Zuniga E, Motran C, Montes CL, Diaz FL, Bocco JL and Gruppi A: Trypanosoma cruzi-induced immunosuppression: B cells undergo spontaneous apoptosis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) arrests their proliferation during acute infection. Clin Exp Immunol, 2000; 119: 507-515.
18. Dissanayake S: Microfilaraemia, serum antibody and development of clinical disease in microfilaraemic subjects infected with Wuchereria bancrofti and treated with diethylcarbamazine citrate. Trans R Soc Thop Med Hyg, 1989; 83: 384-388.
19. Dissanayake S: In Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis, asymptomatic microfilaraemia does not progress to amicrofilaraemic lymphatic disease. Int J Epidemiol, 2001; 30: 394-399.
20. Dissanayake S, Zheng H, Dreyer G, et al: Evaluation of a recombinant parasite antigen for the diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1994: 50: 727-734.
21. Winkler S, Paiha S, Winkler H, Graninger W, Marberger M and Steiner GE: Microfilarial clearance in loiasis involves elevation of Th1 and Th2 products and emergence of a specific pattern of T-cell populations. Parasite Immunol, 1996; 18: 479-482.
22. Specht S, Volkmann L, Wynn T and Hoerauf A: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) counterregulates IL-4-dependent effector mechanisms in murine filariasis. Infect Immun, 2004; 72: 6287-6293.
23. Jenson JS, O'Connor R, Osborne J and Devaney E: Infection with Brugia microfilariae induces apoptosis of CD4(+) T lymphocytes: a mechanism of immune unresponsiveness in filariasis. Eur J Immunol, 2002; 32: 858-867.
24. Semnani RT, Law M, Kubofcik J and Nutman TB: Filaria-induced immune evasion: suppression by the infective stage of Brugia malayi at the earliest host-parasite interface. J Immunol, 2004; 172: 6229-6238.
25. Satoguina J, Mempel M, Larbi J, et al: Antigen-specific T regulatory-1 cells are associated with immunosuppression in a chronic helminth infection (onchocerciasis). Microbes Infect, 2002; 4: 1291-300.
26. Estaquier J, Marguerite M, Sahuc F, Bessis N, Auriault C and Ameisen JC: Interleukin-10-mediated T cell apoptosis during the T helper type 2 cytokine response in murine Schistosoma mansoni parasite infection. Eur Cytokine Netw, 1997; 8: 153-160.
27. Marshall MA, Jankovic D, Maher VE, Sher A and Berzofsky JA: Mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni develop a novel non-T-lymphocyte suppressor population which inhibits virus-specific CTL induction via a soluble factor. Microbes Infect, 2001; 3: 1051-1061.
28. Gryzch SM, Pearce EJ, Cheever A, et al: Egg deposition is a major stimulus for the production of Th-2 cytokines in murine Schistosoma mansoni. J Immunol, 1991; 146: 1322-1327.
29. Wynn TA, Eltoum I, Cheever AW, Lewis FA, Gause WC and Sher A: Analysis of cytokine mRNA expression during primary granuloma formation induced by eggs of Schistosoma mansoni. J Immunol, 1993; 151: 1430-1440.
30. Vella AT and Pearce EJ: CD+ Th-2 response induced by Schistosoma mansoni eggs develops rapidly through an early transient Th0 like stage. J Immunol, 1992; 148: 2283-2290.
31. Brunet LR, Dunne DW and Pearce EJ: Cytokine interaction and immune responses during Schistosoma mansoni infection. Parasitol Today, 1998; 14: 422-427.
32. Rutitzky LI, Hernandez HJ, Yim YS, et al: Enhanced egg-induced immunopathology correlates with high IFN-gamma in murine schistosomiasis: identification of two epistatic genetic intervals. J Immunol, 2005; 174: 435-440.
33. Restrepo BI, Aguilar MI, Melby PC and Teale JM: Analysis of the peripheral immune response in patients with neurocysticercosis: evidence for T cell reactivity to parasite glycoprotein and vesicular fluid antigens. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2001; 65: 366-370.
34. Lopez-Briones S, Sciutto E, Ventura JL, Zentella A and Fragoso G: CD4+ and CD19+ splenocytes undergo apoptosis during an experimental murme infection with Taenia crassiceps. Parasitol Res, 2003; 90: 157-163.
35. Villa OF and Kuhn RE: Mice infected with the larvae of Taenia crassiceps exhibit a Th2-like immune response with concomitant anergy and downregulation of Th1-associated phenomena. Parasitology, 1996; 112: 561-570.
36. Sciutto E, Fragoso G, Baca M, De la Cruz V, Lemus L and Lamoyi E: Depressed T-cell proliferation associated with susceptibility to experimental Taenia crassiceps infection. Infect Immun, 1995; 63: 2277-2281.
37. Toenjes SA and Kuhn RE: The initial immune response during experimental cysticercosis is of the mixed Th1/Th2 type. Parasitol Res, 2003; 89: 407-413.
38. Rodriguez M, Terrazas LI, Marquez R and Bojalil R: Susceptibility to Trypanosoma cruzi is modified by a previous non-related infection. Parasite Immunol, 1999; 21: 177-185.
39. Rodriguez-Sosa M, Satoskar AR, Calderon R, Gomez-Garcia L, Saavedra R, Bojalil R and Terrazes LI: Chronic helminth infection induces alternatively activated macrophages expressing high levels of CCR5 with low interleukin 12 production and Th-2 biasing ability. Infect Immun, 2002; 70: 3656-3664.
40. Quaissi A, Da Silva AC, Guevara AG, Borges M and Guildvard E: Trypanosoma cruzi induced host immune system dysfunction: A rationale for parasite immunosuppressive factors encoding gene targeting. J Biomed Biotechnol, 2001; 1: 11-17.
41. Nyame AK, Lewis FA, Doughty BL, Correa-Oliveira R and Cummings RD: Immunity to schistosomiasis: glycans are potential antigenic targets for immune intervention. Exp Parasitol, 2003; 104: 1-13.
42. Okano M, Satoskar A.R, Nishizaki K, Abe M and Harn DA: Induction of Th-2 responses and IgE is largely due to carbohydrates functioning as adjuvants on Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens. J Immunol, 1999; 163: 6712-6717.
43. Souza VM, Jacysyn JF and Macedo MS: IL-4 and IL-10 are essential for immunosuppression induced by high molecular weight proteins from Ascaris suum. Cytokine, 2004; 28: 92-100.
44. Hartmann S, Kyewski B, Sonnenburg B and Lucius R: A filarial cysteine protease inhibitor down-regulates T cell proliferation and enhances interleukin-10 production. Eur J Immunol, 1997; 27: 2253-2260.
45. Schierack P, Lucius R, Sonnenburg B, Schilling K and Hartmann S: Parasite-specific immunomodulatory functions of filarial cystatin. Infect Immun, 2003; 71: 2422-2429.
46. O'Neill SM, Mills KH and Dalton JP: Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L cysteine proteinase suppresses Bordetella pertussis-specific interferon-gamma production in vivo. Parasite Immunol, 2001; 23: 541-547.
47. Harraga S, Godot V, Bresson-Hadni S, Mantion G and Vuitton DA: Profile of cytokine production within the periparasitic granuloma in human alveolar echinococcosis. Acta Trop, 2003; 85: 231-236.
48. Akira S, Takeda K and Kaisho T: Toll-like receptors: critical proteins linking innate and acquired immunity. Nat Immunol, 2001; 2: 675-680.
49. Akashi S, Shimazu R, Ogata H, et al: Cell surface expression and LPS signaling via the Toll-like receptor 4-MD2 complex on mouse peritoneal macrophages. J Immunol, 2000; 164: 3471-3475.
50. Park SJ, Nakagawa T, Kitamura H, et al: IL-6 regulates in vivo dendritic cell differentiation through STAT3 activation. J Immunol, 2004; 173: 3844-3855.
51. La Flamme AC, MacDonald AS and Pearce EJ: Role of IL-6 in directing the initial immune response to schistosome eggs. J Immunol, 2000; 164: 2419-2426.
52. Frucht DM, Fukao T, Bogdan C, Schindler H, O'Shea JJ and Koyasu S: IFN-gamma production by antigen-presenting cells: mechanisms emerge. Trends Immunol, 2001; 22: 556-560.
53. Gessani S and Belardelli F: IFN-gamma expression in macrophages and its possible biological significance. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 1998; 9: 117-123.
54. Mita Y, Dobashi K, Shimizu Y, Nakazawa T and Mori M: Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 surface expressions on human monocytes are modulated by interferon-gamma and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Immunol Lett, 2001; 78: 97-101.
55. Bosisio D, Polentarutti N, Sironi M, et al: Stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 expression in human mononuclear phagocytes by interferon-gamma: a molecular basis for priming and synergism with bacterial lipopolysacchanide. Blood, 2002; 99: 3427-3431.
56. Dalpke AH, Eckerle S, Frey M and Heeg K: Triggering of Toll-like receptors modulates IFN-gamma signaling: involvement of serine 727 STAT1 phosphorylation and suppressors of cytokine signaling. Eur J Immunol, 2003; 33: 1776-1787.
57. Pai RK, Pennini ME, Tobian AA, Canaday DH, Boom WH and Harding CV: Prolonged toll-like receptor signaling by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its 19-kilodalton lipoprotein inhibits gamma interferon-induced regulation of selected genes in macrophages. Infect Immun, 2004; 72: 6603-6614.
58. Tsukada C, Yokoyama H, Miyaji C, Ishimoto Y, Kawamura H and Abo T: Immunopotentiation of intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestine by oral administrations of beta-glucan. Cell Immunol, 2003; 22: 1-5.
59. Scott FW, Rowsell P, Wang GS, Burghardt K, Kolb H and Flohe S: Oral exposure to diabetes-promoting food or immunomodulators in neonates alters gut cytokines and diabetes. Diabetes, 2002; 51: 73-78.
60. Zaccone P, Fehervari Z, Jones FM, Sidobre S, Kronenberg M, Dunne DW and Cooke A: Schistosoma mansoni antigens modulate the activity of the innate immune response and prevent onset of type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol, 2003; 33: 1439-1449.
61. Khoo KH, Sarda S, Xu X, et al: A unique multifucosylated - 3GalNAc beta 1->4GlcNAc beta 1->3Gal alpha 1- motif constitutes the repeating unit of the complex O-glycans derived from the cercarial glycocalyx of Schistosoma mansoni. J Biol Chem, 1995; 270: 17114-17123.
62. Khoo KB, Chatterjee D, Caulfield JP, Morris HR and Dell A: Structural mapping of the glycans from the egg glycoproteins of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum: identification of novel core structures and terminal sequences. Glycobiology, 1997; 7: 663-677.
63. Haslam SM, Restrepo BI, Obregon-Henao A, Teale JM, Morris HR and Dell A: Structural characterization of the N-linked glycans from Taenia solium metacestodes. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 2003; 126: 103-107.
64. Haslam SM, Morris HR and Dell A: Mass spectrometric strategies: providing structural clues for helminth glycoproteins. Trends Parasitol, 2001; 17: 231-235.
65. Thomas PG, Carter MR, Atochina O, et al: Maturation of dendritic cell 2 phenotype by a helminth glycan uses a toll like receptor 4 mechanism. J Immunol, 2003; 171: 5837-5841.
66. Sadauskaite-Kuehne V, Ludvigsson J, Padaiga Z, Jasinskiene E and Samuelsson U: Longer breastfeeding is an independent protective factor against development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood. Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 2004; 20: 150-157.
67. Young TK, Martens PJ, Taback SP, et al: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: prenatal and early infancy risk factors among native Canadians. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 2002; 156: 651-655.
68. Guebre-Xabier M, Hammond SA, Ellingsworth LR and Glenn GM: Immunostimulant patch enhances immune responses to influenza virus vaccine in aged mice. J Virol, 2004; 78: 7610-7618.
69. Lisziewicz J, Trocio J, Whitman L, et al: DermaVir: A Novel Topical Vaccine for HIV/AIDS. J Invest Dermatol, 2005; 124: 160-169.
70. Riminton DS, Kandasamy R, Dravec D, Hasten A and Baxter AG. Dermal enhancement: bacterial products on intact skin induce and augment organ-specific autoimmune disease. J Immunol, 2004; 172: 302-309.