메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 563-597

Test difficulty and stereotype threat on the GRE general test

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 2642545953     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02561.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (46)
  • 2
    • 0002328811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotype threat and the academic underperformance of minorities and women
    • J. K. Swim & C. Stangor (Eds.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Aronson, J., Quinn, D. M., & Spencer, S. J. (1998). Stereotype threat and the academic underperformance of minorities and women. In J. K. Swim & C. Stangor (Eds.), Prejudice: The target's perspective (pp. 83-103). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1998) Prejudice: The Target's Perspective , pp. 83-103
    • Aronson, J.1    Quinn, D.M.2    Spencer, S.J.3
  • 3
    • 0008936826 scopus 로고
    • Further refinement and validation of the Revised Test Anxiety Scale
    • Benson, J., & El-Zahhar, N. (1994). Further refinement and validation of the Revised Test Anxiety Scale. Structural Equation Modeling, 1, 203-221.
    • (1994) Structural Equation Modeling , vol.1 , pp. 203-221
    • Benson, J.1    El-Zahhar, N.2
  • 4
    • 0035345178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African Americans and high blood pressure: The role of stereotype threat
    • Blascovich, J., Spencer, S. J., Quinn, D., & Steele, C. (2001). African Americans and high blood pressure: The role of stereotype threat. Psychological Science, 12, 225-229.
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 225-229
    • Blascovich, J.1    Spencer, S.J.2    Quinn, D.3    Steele, C.4
  • 6
    • 0033456798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A burden of proof: Stereotype relevance and gender differences in math performance
    • Brown, R. P., & Josephs, R. A. (1999). A burden of proof: Stereotype relevance and gender differences in math performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 246-257.
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.76 , pp. 246-257
    • Brown, R.P.1    Josephs, R.A.2
  • 7
    • 0034280144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When positive stereotypes threaten intellectual performance: The psychological hazards of "modest minority" status
    • Cheryan, S., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2000). When positive stereotypes threaten intellectual performance: The psychological hazards of "modest minority" status. Psychological Science, 11, 399-402.
    • (2000) Psychological Science , vol.11 , pp. 399-402
    • Cheryan, S.1    Bodenhausen, G.V.2
  • 8
    • 84965886353 scopus 로고
    • Eta-squared and partial eta-squared in fixed-factor ANOVA designs
    • Cohen, J. (1973). Eta-squared and partial eta-squared in fixed-factor ANOVA designs. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 33, 107-112.
    • (1973) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.33 , pp. 107-112
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 10
    • 0039802908 scopus 로고
    • The earth is round (p < .05)
    • Cohen, J. (1994). The earth is round (p < .05). American Psychologist, 49, 997-1003.
    • (1994) American Psychologist , vol.49 , pp. 997-1003
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 12
    • 0032219993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extending the concept of stereotype threat to social class: The intellectual underperformance of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds
    • Croizet, J.-C., & Claire, T. (1998). Extending the concept of stereotype threat to social class: The intellectual underperformance of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 588-594.
    • (1998) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.24 , pp. 588-594
    • Croizet, J.-C.1    Claire, T.2
  • 20
  • 22
    • 0034279620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threatening intellectual environment: Why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males
    • Inzlicht, M., & Ben-Zeev, T. (2000). A threatening intellectual environment: Why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males. Psychological Science, 11, 365-371.
    • (2000) Psychological Science , vol.11 , pp. 365-371
    • Inzlicht, M.1    Ben-Zeev, T.2
  • 24
    • 0001859733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with stigma through psychological disengagement
    • J. K. Swim & C. Stangor (Eds.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Major, B., & Schmader, T. (1998). Coping with stigma through psychological disengagement. In J. K. Swim & C. Stangor (Eds.), Prejudice: The target's perspective (pp. 219-241). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1998) Prejudice: The Target's Perspective , pp. 219-241
    • Major, B.1    Schmader, T.2
  • 25
    • 0032340276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with negative stereotype about intellectual performance: The role of psychological disengagement
    • Major, B., Spencer, S., Schmader, T., Wolfe, C., & Crocker, J. (1998). Coping with negative stereotype about intellectual performance: The role of psychological disengagement. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 34-50.
    • (1998) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.24 , pp. 34-50
    • Major, B.1    Spencer, S.2    Schmader, T.3    Wolfe, C.4    Crocker, J.5
  • 26
    • 0001186714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability and validity of a state metacognitive inventory: Potential for alternative assessement
    • O'Neil, H. F., Jr., & Abedi, J. (1996). Reliability and validity of a state metacognitive inventory: Potential for alternative assessement. Journal of Educational Research, 89, 234-245.
    • (1996) Journal of Educational Research , vol.89 , pp. 234-245
    • O'Neil Jr., H.F.1    Abedi, J.2
  • 27
    • 0003177012 scopus 로고
    • Effects of motivational interventions on the national assessment of educational progress mathematics performance
    • O'Neil, H. F., Jr., Sugrue, B., & Baker, E. L. (1995-1996). Effects of motivational interventions on the National Assessment of Educational Progress mathematics performance. Educational Assessment, 3, 135-157.
    • (1995) Educational Assessment , vol.3 , pp. 135-157
    • O'Neil Jr., H.F.1    Sugrue, B.2    Baker, E.L.3
  • 29
    • 0000507548 scopus 로고
    • Concerning least squares analysis of experimental data
    • Overall, J. E., & Spiegel, D. K. (1969). Concerning least squares analysis of experimental data. Psychological Bulletin, 72, 311-322.
    • (1969) Psychological Bulletin , vol.72 , pp. 311-322
    • Overall, J.E.1    Spiegel, D.K.2
  • 30
    • 0034999641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interference of stereotype threat with women's generation of mathematical problem-solving strategies
    • Quinn, D. M., & Spencer, S. J. (2001). The interference of stereotype threat with women's generation of mathematical problem-solving strategies. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 55-71.
    • (2001) Journal of Social Issues , vol.57 , pp. 55-71
    • Quinn, D.M.1    Spencer, S.J.2
  • 32
    • 84978049716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-stakes testing in employment, credentialing, and higher education: Prospects in a post-affirmative-action world
    • Sackett, P. R., Schmitt, N., Ellingson, J. E., & Kabin, M. B. (2001). High-stakes testing in employment, credentialing, and higher education: Prospects in a post-affirmative-action world. American Psychologist, 56, 302-318.
    • (2001) American Psychologist , vol.56 , pp. 302-318
    • Sackett, P.R.1    Schmitt, N.2    Ellingson, J.E.3    Kabin, M.B.4
  • 33
    • 0021415870 scopus 로고
    • Stress, anxiety, and cognitive interference: Reactions to tests
    • Sarason, I. G. (1984). Stress, anxiety, and cognitive interference: Reactions to tests. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 929-938.
    • (1984) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 929-938
    • Sarason, I.G.1
  • 34
    • 0007129111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotype susceptibility: Identity salience and shifts in quantitative performance
    • Shih, M., Pittinsky, T. L., & Ambady, N. (1999). Stereotype susceptibility: Identity salience and shifts in quantitative performance. Psychological Science, 10, 80-83.
    • (1999) Psychological Science , vol.10 , pp. 80-83
    • Shih, M.1    Pittinsky, T.L.2    Ambady, N.3
  • 38
    • 0031155092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance
    • Steele, C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52, 613-629.
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 613-629
    • Steele, C.M.1
  • 39
    • 0029411777 scopus 로고
    • Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans
    • Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 797-811.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 797-811
    • Steele, C.M.1    Aronson, J.2
  • 43
    • 0033177274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of item content and stereo-type situation on gender differences in mathematical problem solving
    • Walsh, M., Hickey, C., & Duffy, J. (1999). Influence of item content and stereo-type situation on gender differences in mathematical problem solving. Sex Roles, 41, 219-240.
    • (1999) Sex Roles , vol.41 , pp. 219-240
    • Walsh, M.1    Hickey, C.2    Duffy, J.3
  • 44
    • 0035514187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of stereotype activation on behavior: A review of possible mechanisms
    • Wheeler, S. C., & Petty, R. E. (2001). The effects of stereotype activation on behavior: A review of possible mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin, 127, 797-826.
    • (2001) Psychological Bulletin , vol.127 , pp. 797-826
    • Wheeler, S.C.1    Petty, R.E.2
  • 45
    • 0010853322 scopus 로고
    • Test anxiety in elementary and secondary school children
    • Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (1989). Test anxiety in elementary and secondary school children. Educational Psychologist, 24, 159-183.
    • (1989) Educational Psychologist , vol.24 , pp. 159-183
    • Wigfield, A.1    Eccles, J.S.2
  • 46
    • 0002994297 scopus 로고
    • Practical questions in the use of DIF statistics in test development
    • P. W. Holland & H. Wainer (Eds.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Zieky, M. (1993). Practical questions in the use of DIF statistics in test development. In P. W. Holland & H. Wainer (Eds.), Differential item functioning (pp. 337-347). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1993) Differential Item Functioning , pp. 337-347
    • Zieky, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.