Structural complexity and land-surface energy exchange along a gradient from arctic tundra to boreal forest

Journal of Vegetation Science

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 397-406

  Thompson, C ^a   Beringer, J ^b   Chapin III, F S ^a   McGuire, A D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Leaf area index; Plant functional type; Stem area index; Tree line; Vegetation climate interaction

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; CLIMATE CHANGE; LAND SURFACE; SURFACE ENERGY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE;

EID: 2542466298     PISSN: 11009233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2004.tb02277.x     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Arft, A.M., Walker, M.D., Gurevitch, J., Alatalo, J.M., Bret-Harte, M.S., Dale, M., Diemer, M., Gugerli, F., Henry, G.H.R., Jones, M.H., Hollister, R.D., Jónsdóttir, I.S., Laine, K., Lévesque, E., Marion, G.M., Molau, U., Mølgaard, P., Nordenhäll, U., Raszhivin, V., Robinson, C.H., Starr, G., Stenström, A., Stenström, M., Totland, Ø., Turner, P.L., Walker, L.J., Webber, P.J., Welker, J.M. & Wookey, P.A. 1999. Responses of tundra plants to experimental warming: meta-analysis of the International Tundra Experiment. Ecol. Monogr. 69: 491-511.
2. Baldocchi, D. & Meyers, T. 1998. On using eco-physiological, micrometeorological and biogeochemical theory to evaluate carbon dioxide, water vapor and trace gas fluxes over vegetation: a perspective. Agricult. For. Meteor. 90: 1-25.
3. Baldocchi, D., Kelliher, F.M., Black, T.A. & Jarvis, P. 2000. Climate and vegetation controls on boreal zone energy exchange. Global Change Biol. 6: 69-83.
4. Barber, V.A., Juday, G.P. & Finney, B.P. 1998. Tree-ring data for climate reconstruction and indication of twentieth century warming and summer drying. Paleotimes 6: 20-22.
5. Beringer, J., Lynch, A., Chapin, F.S., III, Mack, M. & Bonan, G. 2001a. The representation of arctic soils in the Land Surface Model: the importance of mosses. J. Climate 14: 3324-3335.
6. Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., McHugh, I., Chapin, F.S., III, Lynch, A.H., Serreze, M.C. & Slater, A. 2001b. Impact of arctic treeline on synoptic climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28: 4247-4250.
7. Betts, A. & Ball, J.H. 1997. Albedo over the boreal forest. J. Geophys. Res. 102: 28 901-28 909.
8. Bonan, G. 2002. Ecological climatology: concepts and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
9. Bret-Harte, M.S., Shaver, G.R., Zoerner, J.P., Johnston, J.F., Wagner, J.L., Chavez, A.S., Gunkelman, R.F., IV, Lippert, S.C. & Laundre, J.A. 2001. Developmental plasticity allows Betula nana to dominate tundra subjected to an altered environment. Ecology 82: 18-32.
10. Chapin, F.S., III., Shaver, G.R., Giblin, A.E., Nadelhoffer, K.J. & Laundre, J.A. 1995. Responses of arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate. Ecology 76: 694-711.
11. Chapin, F.S., III., Bret-Harte, M.S., Hobble, S.E. & Zhong, H. 1996. Plant functional types as predictors of transient responses of arctic vegetation to global change. J. Veg. Sci. 7: 347-358.
12. Eugster, W., Rouse, W.R., Pielke, R.A., Sr, McFadden, J.P., Baldocchi, D.D., Kittel, T.G.F., Vaganov, E. & Chambers, S. 2000. Land-atmosphere energy exchange in Arctic tundra and boreal forest: available data and feedbacks to climate. Global Change Biol. 6: 84-115.
13. Fleming, M.D., Chapin, F.S., III, Cramer, W., Hufford, G.L. & Serreze, M.C. 2000. Geographic patterns and dynamics of Alaskan climate interpolated from a sparse station record. Global Change Biol. 6: 49-58.
14. Graglia, E., Jonasson, S., Michelsen, A. & Schmidt, I.K. 1997. Effects of shading, nutrient application and warming on leaf growth and shoot densities of dwarf shrubs in two arctic-alpine plant communities. Ecoscience 4: 191-198.
15. Hartley, A.E., Neill, C., Melillo, J.M., Crabtree, R. & Bowles, F.P. 1999. Plant performance and soil nitrogen mineralization in response to simulated climate change in subarctic dwarf shrub heath. Oikos 86: 331-343.
16. 2 flux to experimental warming. Ecology 79: 1526-1544.
17. Hultén, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. A manual of the vascular plants. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, US.
18. Keyser, A.R., Kimball, J.S., Nemani, R.R. & Running, S.W. 2000. Simulating the effects of climatic change on the carbon balance of North American high-latitude forests. Global Change Biol. 6: 185-195.
19. Kittel, T.G.F., Steffen, W.L. & Chapin, F.S., III. 2000. Global and regional modelling of Arctic-boreal vegetation distribution and its sensitivity to altered forcing. Global Change Biol. 6: 1-18.
20. Lloyd, A.H. & Fastie, C.L. 2002. Spatial and temporal variability in the growth and climate response of treeline trees in Alaska. Climatic Change 52: 481-509.
21. Lloyd, A.H., Rupp, T.S., Fastie, C.L. & Starfield, A.M. 2003. Patterns and dynamics of treeline advance in the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (D2): 8161, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000852.
22. Mayocchi, C.L. & Bristow, K.L. 1995. Soil surface heat flux: some general questions and comments on measurements. Agricult. For. Meteor. 75: 43-50.
23. McFadden, J.P., Chapin, F.S., III & Hollinger, D.Y. 1998. Subgrid-scale variability in the surface energy balance of arctic tundra. J. Geophys. Res. 103: 28947-28961.
24. 2 fluxes in arctic tundra. J. Ecol. 84: 2762-2776.
25. McGuire, A.D., Wirth, C., Apps, M., Beringer, J., Clein, J., Epstein, H., Kicklighter, D.W., Bhatti, J., Chapin, F.S., III, de Groot, B., Efremov, D., Eugster, W., Fukuda, M., Gower, T., Hinzman, L., Huntley, B., Jia, G.J., Kasischke, E., Melillo, J., Romanovsky, V., Shvidenko, A., Vaganov, E. & Walker, D. 2002. Environmental variation, vegetation distribution, carbon dynamics and water/energy exchange at high latitudes. J. Veg. Sci. 13: 301-314.
26. Myneni, R.B., Keeling, C.D., Tucker, C.J., Asrar, G. & Nemani, R.R. 1997. Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981-1991. Nature 386: 698-702.
27. Oke, T.R. 1987. Boundary layer climates. Methuen, London, UK.
28. Overpeck, J., Hughen, K., Hardy, D., Bradley, R., Case, R., Douglas, M., Finney, B., Gajewski, K., Jacoby, G., Jennings, A., Lamoureux, S., Lasca, A., MacDonald, G., Moore, J., Retelle, M., Smith, S., Wolfe, A. & Zielinski, G. 1997. Arctic environmental change of the last four centuries. Science 278: 1251-1255.
29. Rouse, W.R. 1984. Microclimate of Arctic tree line 2. Soil microclimate of tundra and forest. Water Resources Res. 20: 67-73.
30. Serreze, M.C., Walsh, J.E., Chapin, F.S., III., Osterkamp, T., Dyurgerov, M., Romanovsky, V., Oechel, W.C., Morison, J., Zhang, T. & Barry, R.G. 2000. Observational evidence of recent change in the northern high-latitude environment. Climatic Change 46: 159-207.
31. Shaver, G.R. & Chapin, F.S., III. 1991. Production: Biomass relationships and element cycling in contrasting arctic vegetation types. Ecol. Monogr. 61: 1-31.
32. Shaver, G.R., Bret-Harte, M.S., Jones, M.H., Johnstone, J., Gough, L., Laundre, J. & Chapin, F.S., III. 2001. Species compostion interacts with fertilizer to control long-term change in tundra productivity. Ecology 82: 3163-3181.
33. Shevtsova, A., Huakioja, E. & Ojala, A. 1997. Growth response of subarctic dwarf shrubs, Empetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vitis-idaea, to manipulated environmental conditions and species removal. Oikos 78: 440-458.
34. Silapaswan, C.S., Verbyla, D.L. & McGuire, A.D. 2001. Land cover change on the Seward Peninsula: the use of remote sensing to evaluate the potential influences of climate warming on historical vegetation dynamics. Can. J. Remote Sens. 27: 542-554.
35. Sturm, M., Racine, C. & Tape, K. 2001. Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic. Nature 411: 546-547.
36. Thorpe, N., Eyegetok, S., Hakongak, N. & the Kitikmeot Elders 2002. The Earth is faster now: Indigenous observations of Arctic environmental change. In: Krupnik I. & Jolly D. (eds.) Nowadays it is not the same: Inuit Quajimajatuqangit, climate and caribou in the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, Canada, pp. 198-239. Arctic Research Consortium of the United States, Fairbanks, AK, US.
37. Viereck, L.S. & Little, E.L, Jr. 1994. Alaska trees and shrubs. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, AK, US.
38. Zhou, L., Tucker, C.J., Kaufmann, R.K., Slayback, D., Shabanov, N.V. & Myneni, R.B. 2001. Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981 to 1999. J. Geophys. Res.106: 20069-20083.