Facial surface analysis by 3D laser scanning and geometric morphometrics in relation to sexual dimorphism in cerebral-craniofacial morphogenesis and cognitive function

Journal of Anatomy

Volumn 207, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 283-295

  Hennessy, Robin J ^a   McLearie, Stephen ^a,b   Kinsella, Anthony ^a,c   Waddington, John L ^a  

^a ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND   (Ireland)

^b ST JAMES S HOSPITAL   (Ireland)

^c DUBLIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Brain dysmorphogenesis; Craniofacial dysmorphogenesis; Facial development; Neuropsychology; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN MALFORMATION; COGNITION; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CRANIOFACIAL DEVELOPMENT; CRANIOFACIAL MALFORMATION; CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; FACE PROFILE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE DISPLAY; MORPHOMETRICS; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX DIFFERENCE; SKIN SURFACE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL MODEL; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING; VALIDATION PROCESS;

ADULT; COGNITION; FACE; FEMALE; HOLOGRAPHY; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; INTELLIGENCE TESTS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEX CHARACTERISTICS;

EID: 24944476623     PISSN: 00218782     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00444.x     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. Allanson JE, O'Hara P, Farkas LG, Nair RC (1993) Anthropometric craniofacial profiles in Down syndrome. Am J Med Genet 47, 748-752.
2. Andreasen NC, Flaum M, Swayze V, et al. (1993) Intelligence and brain structure in normal individuals. Am J Psychiatry 150, 130-134.
3. Baldwin P, Hennessy RJ, Morgan MG, Quinn JF, Scully PJ, Waddington JL (2004) Controversies in schizophrenia research: the 'continuum' challenge, heterogeneity vs homogeneity, and lifetime developmental-'neuroprogressive' trajectory. In Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia (eds Gattaz W, Haffner H, 394-409). Darmstadt: Steinkopff.
4. Benton A, Hamsher K (1976) Multilingual Aphasia Examination. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
5. Bookstein FL (1997a) Shape and the information in medical images: a decade of the morphometric synthesis. Comput Vis Image Understand 66, 97-118.
6. Bookstein FL (1997b) Landmark methods for forms without landmarks: morphometrics of group difference in outline shape. Med Image Anal 1, 225-243.
7. Bookstein FL, Schäfer K, Prossinger H, et al. (1999) Comparing frontal cranial profiles in archaic and modern Homo by morphometric analysis. Anat Rec 257, 217-224.
8. Bookstein FL, Sampson PD, Streissguth AP, Connor PD (2001) Geometric morphometrics of corpus callosum and subcortical structures in the fetal-alcohol affected brain. Teratology 64, 4-32.
9. Brault V, Moore R, Kutsch S, et al. (2001) Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt 1-Cre mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development. Development 128, 1253-1264.
10. Breedlove SM (1992) Sexual dimorphism in the vertebrate nervous system. J Neurosci 12, 4133-4142.
11. Buckley PF, Dean D, Bookstein FL, et al. (1999) Three-dimensional magnetic resonance-based morphometrics and ventricular dysmorphology in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 45, 62-27.
12. Caplan PJ, Crawford M, Hyde JS, Richardson JTE (1997) Gender Differences in Human Cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.
13. Cohen MM (2002) Malformations of the craniofacial region. Am J Med Genet 115, 245-268.
14. Dean D, Hans MG, Bookstein FL, Subramanyan K (2000) Three-dimensional Bolton-Brush growth study landmark data: ontogeny and sexual dimorphism of the Bolton standards cohort. Cleft Pal Craniofac J 37, 145-156.
15. DeQuardo JR, Bookstein FL, Green WDK, Brunberg JA, Tandon R (1996) Spatial relationships of neuroanatomical landmarks in schizophrenia. Psychiat Res Neuroimaging 67, 81-95.
16. Diewert VM, Lozanoff S (1993a) A morphometric analysis of human embryonic craniofacial growth in the median plane during primary palate formation. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13, 147-161.
17. Diewert VM, Lozanoff S (1993b) Growth and morphogenesis of the human embryonic midface during primary palate formation analyzed in frontal sections. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13, 162-183.
18. Diewert VM, Lozanoff S, Choy V (1993) Computer reconstructions of human embryonic craniofacial morphology showing changes in relations between the face and brain during primary palate formation. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 13, 193-201.
19. Dryden I, Mardia K (1998) Statistical Shape Analysis. Chichester: Wiley.
20. Enlow DH, Hans MG (1996) Essentials of Facial Growth. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
21. Gharaibeh WS, Rohlf FJ, Slice DE, DeLisi LE (2000) A geometric morphometric assessment of change in midline brain structural shape following a first episode of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 48, 398-405.
22. Goldstein JM, Seidman LJ, Horton NJ, et al. (2001) Normal sexual dimorphism of the adult human brain assessed by in-vivo magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral Cortex 11, 490-497.
23. Goodall CR (1991) Procrustes methods in the statistical analysis of shape. J Roy Stat Soc B53, 285-339.
24. Gur RC, Turetsky BI, Matsui M, et al. (1999) Sex differences in brain gray and white matter in healthy young adults: correlations with cognitive performance. J Neurosci 19, 4065-4072.
25. Hammond P, Hutton TJ, Allanson JE, et al. (2004) 3D analysis of facial morphology. Am J Med Genet 126A, 339-348.
26. Hao JC, Yu TW, Fujisawa K, et al. (2001) C. elegans slit acts in midline, dorsal-ventral, and anterior-posterior guidance via SAX-3/Robo receptor. Neuron 32, 25-38.
27. Hennessy RJ, Moss JP (2001) Facial growth: separating shape from size. Eur J Orthodont 23, 275-285.
28. Hennessy RJ, Kinsella A, Waddington JL (2002) 3D laser surface scanning and geometric morphometric analysis of craniofacial shape as an index of cerebro-craniofacial morphogenesis: initial application to sexual dimorphism. Biol Psychiatry 51, 507-514.
29. Hennessy RJ, Stringer CB (2002) Geometric morphometric study of the regional variation of modern human craniofacial form. Am J Phys Anthropol 117, 37-48.
30. Hennessy RJ, Lane A, Kinsella A, Larkin C, O'Callaghan E, Waddington JL (2004) 3D morphometrics of craniofacial dysmorphology reveals sex-specific asymmetries in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 67, 261-268.
31. Hennessy RJ, McLearie S, Kinsella A, Waddington JL (2005) Facial shape and asymmetry by 3D laser surface scanning covary with cognition in a sexually dimorphic manner. J Neuropsychiat Clin Neurosci in press.
32. Hill A, Cootes TF, Taylor CJ (1996) Active shape models and the shape approximation problem. Image Vis Comput 14, 601-607.
33. Hutton TJ, Buxton BF, Hammond P, Potts HW (2003) Estimating average growth trajectories in shape-space using kernel smoothing. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 22, 747-753.
34. Johnson RM (1963) On the theorem stated by Eckart and Young. Psychometrika 28, 259-263.
35. Kjaer I (1995) Human prenatal craniofacial development related to brain development under normal and pathological conditions. Acta Odontol Scand 53, 135-143.
36. Lane A, Larkin C, Waddington JL, O'Callaghan E (1996) Dysmorphic features and schizophrenia. In The Neurodevelopmental Basis of Schizophrenia (eds Waddington JL, Buckley PF), pp. 79-93. Georgetown: Landes.
37. Lane A, Kinsella A, Murphy P, et al. (1997) The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins. Psychol Med 27, 1155-1164.
38. Lieberman DE, Pearson OM, Mowbray KM (2000a) Basicranial influence on overall cranial shape. J Hum Evol 38, 291-315.
39. Lieberman DE, Ross CF, Ravosa MJ (2000b) The primate cranial base: ontogeny, function and integration. Yearb Phys Anthropol 30, 117-170.
40. McGrath JC, El-Saadi O, Grim V, et al. (2002) Minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59, 458-464.
41. Menard S (2000) Coefficients of determination for multiple regression analysis. Am Stat 54, 17-24.
42. Murphy K, Owen MJ (2001) Velo-cardio-facial syndrome: a model for understanding the genetics and pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 179, 397-402.
43. Nopoulos P, Berg S, Canady J, Richman L, Van Demark D, Andreasen N (2002a) Structural brain abnormalities in adult maleswith cleft of the lip and/or palate. Genet Med 4, 1-9.
44. Nopoulos P, Berg S, Van Demark D, Richman L, Canady J, Andreasen N (2002b) Cognitive dysfunction in adult males with non-syndromic clefts of the lip and/or palate. Neuropsychologia 40, 2178-2184.
45. O'Higgins P, Jones N (1998) Facial growth in Cercocebus torquatus: an application of three-dimensional geometric morphometric techniques to the study of morphological variation. J Anat 193, 251-272.
46. Penin X, Berge C, Baylac M (2002) Ontogenetic study of the skull in modern humans and the common chimpanzees: neotenic hypothesis reconsidered with a tridimensional Procrustes analysis. Am J Phys Anthropol 118, 50-62.
47. Reitan RM, Wolfson D (1985) The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation. Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
48. Rohlf FJ (2000) Statistical power comparisons among alternative morphometric methods. Am J Phys Anthropol 111, 463-478.
49. Schneider RA, Hu D, Rubenstein JLR, Maden M, Helms JA (2001) Local retinoid signaling coordinates forebrain and facial morphogenesis by maintaining FGF8 and SHH. Development 128, 2755-2767.
50. Singh GD, McNamara JA, Lozanoff S (1997) Spline analysis of the mandible in human subjects with Class III malocclusion. Arch Oral Biol 5, 345-353.
51. Tibbo P, Nopoulos P, Arndt S, Andreasen NC (1998) Corpus callosum shape and size in male patients with schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 44, 405-412.
52. Waddington JL, Lane A, Larkin C, O'Callaghan E (1999a) The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia: clinical clues from cerebro-craniofacial dysmorphogenesis, and the roots of a lifetime trajectory of disease. Biol Psychiatry 46, 31-39.
53. Waddington JL, Lane A, Scully P, et al. (1999b) Early cerebrocraniofacial dysmorphogenesis in schizophrenia: a lifetime trajectory model from neurodevelopmental basis to 'neuroprogressive' process. J Psychiat Res 33, 477-489.
54. Waldrop MF, Pedersen FA, Bell RQ (1968) Minor physical anomalies and behaviour in preschool children. Child Devel 39, 391-400.
55. Weber GW, Schafer Prossinger H, Gunz P, Mitterocker P, Seidler H (2001) Virtual anthropology: the digital evolution in anthropological sciences. J Physiol Anthropol 20, 69-80.
56. Wilkie AO, Morriss-Kay J (2001) Genetics of craniofacial development and malformation. Nature Rev Genet 2, 458-468.