메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 851-864

Ventilator-associated sinusitis: A review

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

EID: 2442724487     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/514932     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (26)

References (111)
  • 1
    • 0014685840 scopus 로고
    • Changing pharyngeal bacterial flora of hospitalized patients
    • Johanson W, Pierce A, Sanford J. Changing pharyngeal bacterial flora of hospitalized patients. N Engl J Med 1969; 281:1137-40.
    • (1969) N Engl J Med , vol.281 , pp. 1137-1140
    • Johanson, W.1    Pierce, A.2    Sanford, J.3
  • 2
    • 0013073487 scopus 로고
    • Infections associated with endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy
    • Bisno AL, Waldvogel FA, eds. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology
    • Vallandigham JC, Johanson Jr WG. Infections associated with endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy. In: Bisno AL, Waldvogel FA, eds. Infections associated with indwelling devices. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1989:179-97.
    • (1989) Infections Associated with Indwelling Devices , pp. 179-197
    • Vallandigham, J.C.1    Johanson Jr., W.G.2
  • 3
    • 0027379284 scopus 로고
    • An overview of nosocomial infections, including the role of microbiology laboratory
    • Emori T, Gaynes R. An overview of nosocomial infections, including the role of microbiology laboratory. Clin Microbiol Rev 1993; 6: 428-42.
    • (1993) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.6 , pp. 428-442
    • Emori, T.1    Gaynes, R.2
  • 4
    • 0029983374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fever in the intensive care unit
    • Cunha B, Shea K. Fever in the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1996; 10:185-209.
    • (1996) Infect Dis Clin North Am , vol.10 , pp. 185-209
    • Cunha, B.1    Shea, K.2
  • 6
    • 0025917197 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of aerobic gramnegative bacteria colonizing critically ill patients
    • Donaldsson S, Azizi S, Dal Nogare A. Characteristics of aerobic gramnegative bacteria colonizing critically ill patients. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144:202-7.
    • (1991) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.144 , pp. 202-207
    • Donaldsson, S.1    Azizi, S.2    Dal Nogare, A.3
  • 7
    • 0016372925 scopus 로고
    • Maxillary sinusitis, a complication of nasotracheal intubation
    • Arens J, LeJeune Jr F, Webre D. Maxillary sinusitis, a complication of nasotracheal intubation. Anesthesiology 1974; 40:415-6.
    • (1974) Anesthesiology , vol.40 , pp. 415-416
    • Arens, J.1    LeJeune Jr., F.2    Webre, D.3
  • 8
    • 0017104881 scopus 로고
    • Acute maxillary sinusitis complicating nasotracheal intubation: A case report
    • Gallagher TJ, Civetta JM. Acute maxillary sinusitis complicating nasotracheal intubation: a case report. Anesth Analg 1976; 55:885-6.
    • (1976) Anesth Analg , vol.55 , pp. 885-886
    • Gallagher, T.J.1    Civetta, J.M.2
  • 9
    • 0019827897 scopus 로고
    • Maxillary sinusitis after nasotracheal intubation
    • Pope T, Stelling C, Leitner Y. Maxillary sinusitis after nasotracheal intubation. South Med J 1981; 74:610-2.
    • (1981) South Med J , vol.74 , pp. 610-612
    • Pope, T.1    Stelling, C.2    Leitner, Y.3
  • 10
    • 0019972954 scopus 로고
    • Unexplained fevers in patients with nasotracheal intubation
    • Knodel AR, Beekman JF. Unexplained fevers in patients with nasotracheal intubation. JAMA 1982; 248:868-70.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.248 , pp. 868-870
    • Knodel, A.R.1    Beekman, J.F.2
  • 11
    • 0021270448 scopus 로고
    • Sepsis from sinusitis in nasotracheally intubated patients: A diagnostic dilemma
    • O'Reilly MJ, Reddick EJ, Black W, et al. Sepsis from sinusitis in nasotracheally intubated patients: a diagnostic dilemma. Am J Surg 1984; 147:601-4.
    • (1984) Am J Surg , vol.147 , pp. 601-604
    • O'Reilly, M.J.1    Reddick, E.J.2    Black, W.3
  • 12
    • 0022384188 scopus 로고
    • Paranasal sinusitis: A complication of nasotracheal intubation. Two case reports
    • Willatts SM. Paranasal sinusitis: a complication of nasotracheal intubation. Two case reports. Br J Anaesth 1985; 57:1026-8.
    • (1985) Br J Anaesth , vol.57 , pp. 1026-1028
    • Willatts, S.M.1
  • 13
    • 0023767720 scopus 로고
    • Pseudomonas thoracic empyema secondary to nosocomial rhinosinusitis
    • Meyer P, Guerin JM, Habib Y, Levy C. Pseudomonas thoracic empyema secondary to nosocomial rhinosinusitis. Eur Respir J 1988; 1:868-9.
    • (1988) Eur Respir J , vol.1 , pp. 868-869
    • Meyer, P.1    Guerin, J.M.2    Habib, Y.3    Levy, C.4
  • 14
    • 0023819827 scopus 로고
    • Acute mycotic sinusitis with bacterial sepsis in orotracheal intubation and nasogastric tubing: A case report and a review of the literature
    • Wolf M, Zillinsky I, Lieberman P. Acute mycotic sinusitis with bacterial sepsis in orotracheal intubation and nasogastric tubing: a case report and a review of the literature. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1988; 98(6):615-7.
    • (1988) Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg , vol.98 , Issue.6 , pp. 615-617
    • Wolf, M.1    Zillinsky, I.2    Lieberman, P.3
  • 15
    • 0020084435 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial sinusitis
    • Caplan ES, Hoyt NJ. Nosocomial sinusitis. JAMA 1982; 247(5):639-41.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , Issue.5 , pp. 639-641
    • Caplan, E.S.1    Hoyt, N.J.2
  • 17
    • 0021843831 scopus 로고
    • Sinusitis in intensive care unit patients
    • Kronberg FG, Goodwin WJ. Sinusitis in intensive care unit patients. Laryngoscope 1985; 95:936-8.
    • (1985) Laryngoscope , vol.95 , pp. 936-938
    • Kronberg, F.G.1    Goodwin, W.J.2
  • 20
    • 0024212405 scopus 로고
    • Paranasal sinusitis and sepsis in ICU patients with nasotracheal intubation
    • Aebert H, Hünefeld G, Regel G. Paranasal sinusitis and sepsis in ICU patients with nasotracheal intubation. Intens Care Med 1988; 15: 27-30.
    • (1988) Intens Care Med , vol.15 , pp. 27-30
    • Aebert, H.1    Hünefeld, G.2    Regel, G.3
  • 23
    • 0029112822 scopus 로고
    • Microbiology of nosocomial sinusitis in intensive care unit patients
    • Bert F, Lambert-Zechovsky N. Microbiology of nosocomial sinusitis in intensive care unit patients. J Infection 1995; 31:5-8.
    • (1995) J Infection , vol.31 , pp. 5-8
    • Bert, F.1    Lambert-Zechovsky, N.2
  • 26
    • 0024803697 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged nasotracheal intubation and its association with inflammation of paranasal sinuses
    • Fassoulaki A, Pamouktsoglou P. Prolonged nasotracheal intubation and its association with inflammation of paranasal sinuses. Anesth Analg 1989; 69:50-2.
    • (1989) Anesth Analg , vol.69 , pp. 50-52
    • Fassoulaki, A.1    Pamouktsoglou, P.2
  • 27
    • 0025663842 scopus 로고
    • Problems associated with prolonged intubation in the geriatric patient
    • Weymuller E, Bishop M. Problems associated with prolonged intubation in the geriatric patient. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1990; 23: 1057-74.
    • (1990) Otolaryngol Clin North Am , vol.23 , pp. 1057-1074
    • Weymuller, E.1    Bishop, M.2
  • 28
    • 0025729566 scopus 로고
    • Effect of nasogastric tubes on the nose and maxillary sinus
    • Desmond P, Raman R, Idikula J. Effect of nasogastric tubes on the nose and maxillary sinus. Crit Care Med 1991; 19:509-11.
    • (1991) Crit Care Med , vol.19 , pp. 509-511
    • Desmond, P.1    Raman, R.2    Idikula, J.3
  • 29
    • 0025970406 scopus 로고
    • The effect of nasotracheal intubation on the paranasal sinuses: A prospective study of 434 intensive care patients
    • Pedersen J, Schurizek BA, Melsen NC, Juhl B. The effect of nasotracheal intubation on the paranasal sinuses: a prospective study of 434 intensive care patients. Acta Anaesth Scand 1991; 35:11-3.
    • (1991) Acta Anaesth Scand , vol.35 , pp. 11-13
    • Pedersen, J.1    Schurizek, B.A.2    Melsen, N.C.3    Juhl, B.4
  • 30
    • 0029829604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of A-mode ultrasound and computed tomography: Detection of secretion in maxillary and frontal sinuses in ventilated patients
    • Lucchin F, Minicuci N, Ravasi M, et al. Comparison of A-mode ultrasound and computed tomography: detection of secretion in maxillary and frontal sinuses in ventilated patients. Intens Care Med 1996; 22: 1265-8.
    • (1996) Intens Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 1265-1268
    • Lucchin, F.1    Minicuci, N.2    Ravasi, M.3
  • 31
    • 0023520192 scopus 로고
    • Sinusites aiguës sphénoidales consécutive à l'intubation naso-trachéale
    • Guérin JM, Meyer P, Lévy C, et al. Sinusites aiguës sphénoidales consécutive à l'intubation naso-trachéale. Sem Hôp Paris 1987; 63(47-48): 3671-4.
    • (1987) Sem Hôp Paris , vol.63 , Issue.47-48 , pp. 3671-3674
    • Guérin, J.M.1    Meyer, P.2    Lévy, C.3
  • 33
    • 0022654752 scopus 로고
    • Paranasal sinusitis associated with nasotracheal intubation: A frequently unrecognized and treatable source of sepsis
    • Deutschman CS, Wilton PB, Sinow J, Dibbell D Jr, Konstantinides FN, Cerra FB. Paranasal sinusitis associated with nasotracheal intubation: a frequently unrecognized and treatable source of sepsis. Crit Care Med 1986; 14:111-4.
    • (1986) Crit Care Med , vol.14 , pp. 111-114
    • Deutschman, C.S.1    Wilton, P.B.2    Sinow, J.3    Dibbell Jr., D.4    Konstantinides, F.N.5    Cerra, F.B.6
  • 34
    • 0024489785 scopus 로고
    • Sinusites nosocomiales et intubation nasotrachéale. Etude prospective épartir de 53 patients
    • Guérin JM, Meyer P, Segrestaa JM, Reizine D, Levy C. Sinusites nosocomiales et intubation nasotrachéale. Etude prospective épartir de 53 patients. Ann Med Interne 1989; 140(2):106-7.
    • (1989) Ann Med Interne , vol.140 , Issue.2 , pp. 106-107
    • Guérin, J.M.1    Meyer, P.2    Segrestaa, J.M.3    Reizine, D.4    Levy, C.5
  • 35
    • 0025120950 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial maxillary sinusitis during mechanical ventilation, a prospective comparison of orotracheal versus the nasotracheal route for intubation
    • Salord F, Gaussorgues P, Marti-Flich J, et al. Nosocomial maxillary sinusitis during mechanical ventilation, a prospective comparison of orotracheal versus the nasotracheal route for intubation. Intens Care Med 1990; 16:390-3.
    • (1990) Intens Care Med , vol.16 , pp. 390-393
    • Salord, F.1    Gaussorgues, P.2    Marti-Flich, J.3
  • 36
    • 0026038539 scopus 로고
    • Paranasal sinusitis in burn patients following nasotracheal intubation
    • Bowers B, Purdue G, Hunt J. Paranasal sinusitis in burn patients following nasotracheal intubation. Arch Surg 1991; 126:1411-2.
    • (1991) Arch Surg , vol.126 , pp. 1411-1412
    • Bowers, B.1    Purdue, G.2    Hunt, J.3
  • 37
    • 0026517844 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial sinusitis in ventilated patients: Nasotracheal versus orotracheal intubation
    • Bach A, Boehrer H, Schmidt H, Geiss K. Nosocomial sinusitis in ventilated patients: nasotracheal versus orotracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 1992; 47:335-9.
    • (1992) Anaesthesia , vol.47 , pp. 335-339
    • Bach, A.1    Boehrer, H.2    Schmidt, H.3    Geiss, K.4
  • 38
    • 0027059098 scopus 로고
    • Occult fever in surgical intensive care unit patients is seldom caused by sinusitis
    • Borman K, Brown P, Mezera K, Jhaveri H. Occult fever in surgical intensive care unit patients is seldom caused by sinusitis. Am J Surg 1992; 164:412-6.
    • (1992) Am J Surg , vol.164 , pp. 412-416
    • Borman, K.1    Brown, P.2    Mezera, K.3    Jhaveri, H.4
  • 39
    • 0026673414 scopus 로고
    • Paranasal sinusitis associated with nasotracheal and orotracheal long-term intubation
    • Michelson A, Schuster B, Kamp H-D. Paranasal sinusitis associated with nasotracheal and orotracheal long-term intubation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1992; 118:937-9.
    • (1992) Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg , vol.118 , pp. 937-939
    • Michelson, A.1    Schuster, B.2    Kamp, H.-D.3
  • 40
    • 0027165243 scopus 로고
    • Influence of long-term oroor nasotracheal intubation on nosocomial maxillary sinusitis and pneumonia: Results of a prospective, randomized, clinic trial
    • Holzapfel L, Chevret S, Madinier G, et al. Influence of long-term oroor nasotracheal intubation on nosocomial maxillary sinusitis and pneumonia: results of a prospective, randomized, clinic trial. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1132-8.
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 1132-1138
    • Holzapfel, L.1    Chevret, S.2    Madinier, G.3
  • 41
    • 0028360248 scopus 로고
    • Causes of fever and pulmonary densities in patients with clinical manifestations of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Meduri G, Mauldin G, Wunderink R, Leeper K., Jones C, Tolley E, Mayhall G. Causes of fever and pulmonary densities in patients with clinical manifestations of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1994; 106:221-35.
    • (1994) Chest , vol.106 , pp. 221-235
    • Meduri, G.1    Mauldin, G.2    Wunderink, R.3    Leeper, K.4    Jones, C.5    Tolley, E.6    Mayhall, G.7
  • 42
    • 0027977914 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and clinical relevance of nosocomial maxillary sinusitis in the critically ill
    • Rouby J-J, Laurent P, Gosnach M, et al. Risk factors and clinical relevance of nosocomial maxillary sinusitis in the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150:776-83.
    • (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.150 , pp. 776-783
    • Rouby, J.-J.1    Laurent, P.2    Gosnach, M.3
  • 43
    • 0029761486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sinusitis in mechanically ventilated patients and its role in the pathogenesis of nosocomial pneumonia
    • Bert F, Lambert-Zechovsky N. Sinusitis in mechanically ventilated patients and its role in the pathogenesis of nosocomial pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996; 15:533-44.
    • (1996) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 533-544
    • Bert, F.1    Lambert-Zechovsky, N.2
  • 44
    • 0025776638 scopus 로고
    • The impact of tracheal intubation on host defences and risks for nosocomial pneumonia
    • Levine S, Niederman M. The impact of tracheal intubation on host defences and risks for nosocomial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 1991; 12: 523-43.
    • (1991) Clin Chest Med , vol.12 , pp. 523-543
    • Levine, S.1    Niederman, M.2
  • 46
    • 0018042915 scopus 로고
    • The microbiology of paranasal sinus infections: Diagnosis and management
    • Rice DH. The microbiology of paranasal sinus infections: diagnosis and management. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1978; 9:105-21.
    • (1978) Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci , vol.9 , pp. 105-121
    • Rice, D.H.1
  • 47
    • 0019433246 scopus 로고
    • Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of normal maxillary sinuses
    • Brook I. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of normal maxillary sinuses. Laryngoscope 1981; 91:372-6.
    • (1981) Laryngoscope , vol.91 , pp. 372-376
    • Brook, I.1
  • 48
    • 0026457811 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriology of the maxillary sinus in healthy volunteers
    • Sobin J, Engquist S, Nord CE. Bacteriology of the maxillary sinus in healthy volunteers. Scand J Infect Dis 1992; 24:633-5.
    • (1992) Scand J Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 633-635
    • Sobin, J.1    Engquist, S.2    Nord, C.E.3
  • 49
    • 0026784065 scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of plain radiographs in chronic maxillary sinusitis: A comparison between radiological and endoscopie findings in 75 patients
    • Laranne J, Penttilè M, Paakala T, Pukander J. Diagnostic value of plain radiographs in chronic maxillary sinusitis: a comparison between radiological and endoscopie findings in 75 patients. Rhinology 1992; 30: 205-15.
    • (1992) Rhinology , vol.30 , pp. 205-215
    • Laranne, J.1    Penttilè, M.2    Paakala, T.3    Pukander, J.4
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0015869539 scopus 로고
    • The correlation between bacteriological findings in the nose and maxillary sinus in acute maxillary sinusitis
    • Axelsson A, Brorson J. The correlation between bacteriological findings in the nose and maxillary sinus in acute maxillary sinusitis. Laryngoscope 1973; 83:2003-11.
    • (1973) Laryngoscope , vol.83 , pp. 2003-2011
    • Axelsson, A.1    Brorson, J.2
  • 52
    • 0016742663 scopus 로고
    • Sinusitis of the maxillary antrum
    • Evans Jr F, Sydnor J, Moore W, et al. Sinusitis of the maxillary antrum. N Engl J Med 1975; 293:735-9.
    • (1975) N Engl J Med , vol.293 , pp. 735-739
    • Evans Jr., F.1    Sydnor, J.2    Moore, W.3
  • 53
    • 0027538017 scopus 로고
    • Agents, diagnostic strategies and techniques, treatments, and problems
    • Druce H. Agents, diagnostic strategies and techniques, treatments, and problems. Immunol Allergy Clin 1993; 13:119-32.
    • (1993) Immunol Allergy Clin , vol.13 , pp. 119-132
    • Druce, H.1
  • 54
    • 0029685185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis
    • Jorissen M. Recent trends in the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis. Eur Radiol 1996; 6:170-6.
    • (1996) Eur Radiol , vol.6 , pp. 170-176
    • Jorissen, M.1
  • 55
    • 0019236050 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound in the diagnosis of maxillary and frontal sinusitis
    • Revonta M. Ultrasound in the diagnosis of maxillary and frontal sinusitis. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1980; 370:1-54.
    • (1980) Acta Otolaryngol Suppl , vol.370 , pp. 1-54
    • Revonta, M.1
  • 56
    • 0001851514 scopus 로고
    • A comparison between different ultrasonic display techniques, radiography and invasive control for different disorders of the paranasal sinuses
    • Jannert M, Andréasson L, Holmer N-G, Lörinc P. A comparison between different ultrasonic display techniques, radiography and invasive control for different disorders of the paranasal sinuses. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1982; 389:29-52.
    • (1982) Acta Otolaryngol Suppl , vol.389 , pp. 29-52
    • Jannert, M.1    Andréasson, L.2    Holmer, N.-G.3    Lörinc, P.4
  • 58
    • 0027596356 scopus 로고
    • Sinusitis in the critical care patient
    • Seiden AM. Sinusitis in the critical care patient. New Horizons 1993; 1: 261-70.
    • (1993) New Horizons , vol.1 , pp. 261-270
    • Seiden, A.M.1
  • 59
    • 0022613271 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial pulmonary infection: Possible etiologic significance of bacterial adhesion to tracheal tubes
    • Sottile F, Marrie T, Prough D, et al. Nosocomial pulmonary infection: possible etiologic significance of bacterial adhesion to tracheal tubes. Crit Care Med 1986; 14:265-70.
    • (1986) Crit Care Med , vol.14 , pp. 265-270
    • Sottile, F.1    Marrie, T.2    Prough, D.3
  • 60
    • 0024114911 scopus 로고
    • Pathobiology of infection in prosthetic devices
    • Dougherty S. Pathobiology of infection in prosthetic devices. Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10:1102-17.
    • (1988) Rev Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 1102-1117
    • Dougherty, S.1
  • 61
    • 0002493939 scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulating properties of extracellular slime substance
    • Bisno AL, Waldvogel FA, eds. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology
    • Peters G, Gray ED, Johnson GM. Immunomodulating properties of extracellular slime substance. In: Bisno AL, Waldvogel FA, eds. Infections associated with indwelling medical devices. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1989:61-74.
    • (1989) Infections Associated with Indwelling Medical Devices , pp. 61-74
    • Peters, G.1    Gray, E.D.2    Johnson, G.M.3
  • 63
    • 0030903757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonography bedside evaluation of maxillary sinus disease in mechanically ventilated patients
    • Westergren V, Berg S, Lundgren J. Ultrasonography bedside evaluation of maxillary sinus disease in mechanically ventilated patients. Intens Care Med 1997; 23:393-8.
    • (1997) Intens Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 393-398
    • Westergren, V.1    Berg, S.2    Lundgren, J.3
  • 64
    • 0032059721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interobserver variations in assessment of antral disease from sinoscopy video recordings
    • Westergren V, Lundblad L, Timpka T. Interobserver variations in assessment of antral disease from sinoscopy video recordings. Am J Rhinol 1998; 12:159-65.
    • (1998) Am J Rhinol , vol.12 , pp. 159-165
    • Westergren, V.1    Lundblad, L.2    Timpka, T.3
  • 65
    • 0028061377 scopus 로고
    • Possible errors in diagnosis of bacterial sinusitis in tracheally intubated patients
    • Westergren V, Forsum U, Lundgren J. Possible errors in diagnosis of bacterial sinusitis in tracheally intubated patients. Acta Anaesth Scand 1994; 38:699-703.
    • (1994) Acta Anaesth Scand , vol.38 , pp. 699-703
    • Westergren, V.1    Forsum, U.2    Lundgren, J.3
  • 66
    • 0031858258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated sinusitis: Antroscopy findings and bacteriology when excluding the contaminants
    • Westergren V, Lundblad L, Forsum U. Ventilator-associated sinusitis: antroscopy findings and bacteriology when excluding the contaminants. Acta Otolaryngol 1998; 118:574-80.
    • (1998) Acta Otolaryngol , vol.118 , pp. 574-580
    • Westergren, V.1    Lundblad, L.2    Forsum, U.3
  • 68
    • 0003388548 scopus 로고
    • Selection, collection, and transport of specimens for microbiological examination
    • Baron E, Finegold S, eds. St. Louis: CV Mosby
    • Baron E, Finegold S. Selection, collection, and transport of specimens for microbiological examination. In: Baron E, Finegold S, eds. Bailey & Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 8th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1990:49-63.
    • (1990) Bailey & Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology. 8th Ed. , pp. 49-63
    • Baron, E.1    Finegold, S.2
  • 69
    • 0038025636 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation and isolation of viable pathogens
    • Baron E, Finegold S, eds. St. Louis: CV Mosby
    • Baron E, Finegold S. Cultivation and isolation of viable pathogens. In: Baron E, Finegold S, eds. Bailey & Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 8th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1990:81-99.
    • (1990) Bailey & Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology. 8th Ed. , pp. 81-99
    • Baron, E.1    Finegold, S.2
  • 70
    • 0017360990 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data
    • Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33:159-74.
    • (1977) Biometrics , vol.33 , pp. 159-174
    • Landis, J.R.1    Koch, G.G.2
  • 71
    • 0024214891 scopus 로고
    • The kappa coefficient and the prevalance of a diagnosis
    • Gjørup T. The kappa coefficient and the prevalance of a diagnosis. Method Inform Med 1988; 27:184-6.
    • (1988) Method Inform Med , vol.27 , pp. 184-186
    • Gjørup, T.1
  • 72
    • 0026069180 scopus 로고
    • Statistical methodology for reliability studies
    • Haas M. Statistical methodology for reliability studies. J Manip Physiol Ther 1991; 14(2):119-32.
    • (1991) J Manip Physiol Ther , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-132
    • Haas, M.1
  • 73
    • 0019360907 scopus 로고
    • A microtechnique for the determination of antibiotics in muscle
    • Cars O. A microtechnique for the determination of antibiotics in muscle. J Antimicrob Chemother 1981; 8:39-48.
    • (1981) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.8 , pp. 39-48
    • Cars, O.1
  • 74
    • 0030810266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RANTES is more prevalent in bacterial than non-bacterial maxillary sinusitis, and P-selectin is preferentially upregulated in diseased mucosae
    • Westergren V, Viale G, Dell'Orto P, Pellegrini C, Hellquist H. RANTES is more prevalent in bacterial than non-bacterial maxillary sinusitis, and P-selectin is preferentially upregulated in diseased mucosae. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997; 123:1103-10.
    • (1997) Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg , vol.123 , pp. 1103-1110
    • Westergren, V.1    Viale, G.2    Dell'Orto, P.3    Pellegrini, C.4    Hellquist, H.5
  • 75
    • 84973587732 scopus 로고
    • A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales
    • Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas 1960; 20:37-46.
    • (1960) Educ Psychol Meas , vol.20 , pp. 37-46
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 76
    • 0022642079 scopus 로고
    • The endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal ulcer disease: A randomized clinical trial of bias of interobserver variation
    • Gjørup T, Agner E, Jensen LB, Jensen AM, Møllman K-M. The endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal ulcer disease: a randomized clinical trial of bias of interobserver variation. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 261-7.
    • (1986) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 261-267
    • Gjørup, T.1    Agner, E.2    Jensen, L.B.3    Jensen, A.M.4    Møllman, K.-M.5
  • 77
    • 0025040599 scopus 로고
    • Inter-observer variations in decision-making regarding patients on chronic hemodialysis: A study using the kappa index
    • Timpka T, Buur T. Inter-observer variations in decision-making regarding patients on chronic hemodialysis: a study using the kappa index. Methods Inf Med 1990; 29(2):23-9.
    • (1990) Methods Inf Med , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 23-29
    • Timpka, T.1    Buur, T.2
  • 78
    • 0001463960 scopus 로고
    • Measuring agreement for multinominal data
    • Davies M, Fleiss JL. Measuring agreement for multinominal data. Biometrics 1982; 38:1047-51.
    • (1982) Biometrics , vol.38 , pp. 1047-1051
    • Davies, M.1    Fleiss, J.L.2
  • 79
    • 0020161389 scopus 로고
    • A form to show extension of tumors in the nose and sinus
    • Petruson B. A form to show extension of tumors in the nose and sinus. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1982; 108:460-1.
    • (1982) Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg , vol.108 , pp. 460-461
    • Petruson, B.1
  • 80
    • 0031019970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propionebacterium acnes in cultures from ventriculo-peritoneal shunts: Infection or contamination?
    • Westergren H, Westergren V, Forsum U. Propionebacterium acnes in cultures from ventriculo-peritoneal shunts: infection or contamination? Acta Neurochir 1997; 139:33-6.
    • (1997) Acta Neurochir , vol.139 , pp. 33-36
    • Westergren, H.1    Westergren, V.2    Forsum, U.3
  • 81
    • 0018343421 scopus 로고
    • A fiberoptic bronchoscopy technique to obtain uncontaminated lower airway secretions for bacterial culture
    • Wimberley N, Faling L, Bartlett J. A fiberoptic bronchoscopy technique to obtain uncontaminated lower airway secretions for bacterial culture. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979; 119:337-43.
    • (1979) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.119 , pp. 337-343
    • Wimberley, N.1    Faling, L.2    Bartlett, J.3
  • 83
    • 3543042054 scopus 로고
    • What and where are the pathogens?
    • Verbist L. What and where are the pathogens? Research and Clinical Forums 1990; 12(4):9-14.
    • (1990) Research and Clinical Forums , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 9-14
    • Verbist, L.1
  • 84
    • 0028268511 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriology of antrum in adults with chronic maxillary sinusitis
    • Erkan M, Asian T, Özcan M, Koç N. Bacteriology of antrum in adults with chronic maxillary sinusitis. Laryngoscope 1994; 104:321-4.
    • (1994) Laryngoscope , vol.104 , pp. 321-324
    • Erkan, M.1    Asian, T.2    Özcan, M.3    Koç, N.4
  • 85
    • 0025078599 scopus 로고
    • Influence of growth rate on susceptibility to antimicrobial agents: Modification of the cell envelope and batch and continuous culture studies
    • Brown MRW, Collier PJ, Gilbert P. Influence of growth rate on susceptibility to antimicrobial agents: modification of the cell envelope and batch and continuous culture studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34:1623-8.
    • (1990) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.34 , pp. 1623-1628
    • Brown, M.R.W.1    Collier, P.J.2    Gilbert, P.3
  • 86
    • 0026638418 scopus 로고
    • Establishment of aging biofilms: Possible mechanism of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial therapy
    • Anwar H, Strap JL, Costerton JW. Establishment of aging biofilms: possible mechanism of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36(7):1347-51.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , Issue.7 , pp. 1347-1351
    • Anwar, H.1    Strap, J.L.2    Costerton, J.W.3
  • 87
    • 0029584499 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units
    • Chastre J, Fagon J-Y, Trouillet J. Diagnosis and treatment of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21(suppl 3): S226-37.
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.21 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Chastre, J.1    Fagon, J.-Y.2    Trouillet, J.3
  • 88
    • 0002719303 scopus 로고
    • The chemokines
    • Thomson AW, ed. London: Academic Press
    • Schall TJ. The chemokines. In: Thomson AW, ed. The cytokine handbook. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press, 1994:419-60.
    • (1994) The Cytokine Handbook. 2nd Ed. , pp. 419-460
    • Schall, T.J.1
  • 89
    • 0029885776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive identification in situ of mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-12, and the chemotactic cytokine RANTES in patients with chronic sinusitis and polypoid disease
    • Davidsson Å, Danielsen A, Viale G, et al. Positive identification in situ of mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-12, and the chemotactic cytokine RANTES in patients with chronic sinusitis and polypoid disease. Acta Otolaryngol 1996; 116:604-10.
    • (1996) Acta Otolaryngol , vol.116 , pp. 604-610
    • Davidsson, Å.1    Danielsen, A.2    Viale, G.3
  • 90
    • 0030638533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchial mucosal expression of the genes encoding chemokines RANTES and MCP-3 in symptomatic atopic and nonatopic asthmatics: Relationship to the eosinophil-active cytokines interleukine (IL)-5, granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, and IL-3
    • Humbert M, Ying S, Corrigan C, et al. Bronchial mucosal expression of the genes encoding chemokines RANTES and MCP-3 in symptomatic atopic and nonatopic asthmatics: relationship to the eosinophil-active cytokines interleukine (IL)-5, granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, and IL-3. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1997; 16:1-8.
    • (1997) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.16 , pp. 1-8
    • Humbert, M.1    Ying, S.2    Corrigan, C.3
  • 91
    • 0031898899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RANTES induces nasal mucosal inflammation rich in eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes in vivo
    • Kuna P, Alam R, Ruta U, Gorski P. RANTES induces nasal mucosal inflammation rich in eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes in vivo. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157:873-9.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.157 , pp. 873-879
    • Kuna, P.1    Alam, R.2    Ruta, U.3    Gorski, P.4
  • 92
    • 0029848399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adhesion molecules for nasal-homing T cells in allergy
    • Karlsson M, Hellquist H. Adhesion molecules for nasal-homing T cells in allergy. Virchows Arch 1996; 429:49-54.
    • (1996) Virchows Arch , vol.429 , pp. 49-54
    • Karlsson, M.1    Hellquist, H.2
  • 93
    • 0028302030 scopus 로고
    • Eosinophil adhesion to nasal polyp endothelium is P-selectin dependent
    • Symon F, Walsh G, Watson S, Wardlaw A. Eosinophil adhesion to nasal polyp endothelium is P-selectin dependent. J Exp Med 1994; 180: 371-6.
    • (1994) J Exp Med , vol.180 , pp. 371-376
    • Symon, F.1    Walsh, G.2    Watson, S.3    Wardlaw, A.4
  • 94
    • 2442725366 scopus 로고
    • Expression of P- and E-selectin on activated endothelial cells in skin inflammation
    • Schlossman SF, Boumsel L, Gilks W, et al., eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Noto G, Pravatà G, Malizia G, Aragona E, Aricò M. Expression of P- and E-selectin on activated endothelial cells in skin inflammation. In: Schlossman SF, Boumsel L, Gilks W, et al., eds. Leucocyte typing. White cell differentiation antigens. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994:1820-1.
    • (1994) Leucocyte Typing. White Cell Differentiation Antigens , vol.2 , pp. 1820-1821
    • Noto, G.1    Pravatà, G.2    Malizia, G.3    Aragona, E.4    Aricò, M.5
  • 95
    • 0026582655 scopus 로고
    • Gastric colonization by gram-negative bacilli and nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit patient
    • Heyland D, Mandell LA. Gastric colonization by gram-negative bacilli and nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit patient. Chest 1992; 101:187-93.
    • (1992) Chest , vol.101 , pp. 187-193
    • Heyland, D.1    Mandell, L.A.2
  • 96
    • 0029194315 scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia: Do the bacteria come from the stomach?
    • Bonten M, Gaillard C. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: do the bacteria come from the stomach? Neth J Med 1995; 46:1-3.
    • (1995) Neth J Med , vol.46 , pp. 1-3
    • Bonten, M.1    Gaillard, C.2
  • 97
    • 0030031423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals
    • Goldman DA, Weinstein RA, Wenzel RP, et al. Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals. JAMA 1996; 275:234-40.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 234-240
    • Goldman, D.A.1    Weinstein, R.A.2    Wenzel, R.P.3
  • 98
    • 8244251429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High frequency of antibiotic resistance among gram-negative isolates in intensive care units at 10 Swedish hospitals
    • Hanberger H, Nilsson LE, the Swedish Study Group. High frequency of antibiotic resistance among gram-negative isolates in intensive care units at 10 Swedish hospitals. Clin Microbiol Infect 1997; 3:208-15.
    • (1997) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.3 , pp. 208-215
    • Hanberger, H.1    Nilsson, L.E.2
  • 99
    • 0029769315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suction apparatus and the suctioning procedure: Reducing the infection risks
    • Creamer E, Smyth EG. Suction apparatus and the suctioning procedure: reducing the infection risks. J Hosp Infect 1996; 34:1-9.
    • (1996) J Hosp Infect , vol.34 , pp. 1-9
    • Creamer, E.1    Smyth, E.G.2
  • 101
    • 0031432432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria in four intensive care units at a university hospital in Sweden
    • Hanberger H, Hoffman M, Lindgren S, Nilsson LE. Increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria in four intensive care units at a university hospital in Sweden. Scand J Infect Dis 1997; 29:607-14.
    • (1997) Scand J Infect Dis , vol.29 , pp. 607-614
    • Hanberger, H.1    Hoffman, M.2    Lindgren, S.3    Nilsson, L.E.4
  • 103
    • 0030040761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of Lactobacillus as a carrier for oral immunization: Development and preliminary characterization of vector systems for targeted delivery of antigens
    • Pouwels P, Leer R, Boersma W. The potential of Lactobacillus as a carrier for oral immunization: development and preliminary characterization of vector systems for targeted delivery of antigens. J Biotechnol 1996; 44:183-92.
    • (1996) J Biotechnol , vol.44 , pp. 183-192
    • Pouwels, P.1    Leer, R.2    Boersma, W.3
  • 104
    • 0029807059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of human tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 is induced by lactic acid bacteria
    • Miettinen M, Vuopio-Varkila J, Varkila K. Production of human tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 is induced by lactic acid bacteria. Infect Immun 1996; 64:5403-5.
    • (1996) Infect Immun , vol.64 , pp. 5403-5405
    • Miettinen, M.1    Vuopio-Varkila, J.2    Varkila, K.3
  • 105
    • 0027516830 scopus 로고
    • Significant recovery of nonsporulating anaerobic rods from clinical specimens
    • Brook I, Frazier E. Significant recovery of nonsporulating anaerobic rods from clinical specimens. CID 1993; 16:476-80.
    • (1993) CID , vol.16 , pp. 476-480
    • Brook, I.1    Frazier, E.2
  • 107
    • 9244228530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults: Diagnosis, assessment of severity, initial antimicrobial therapy, and preventative strategies
    • Campbell G Jr, Niederman M, Broughton W, et al. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults: diagnosis, assessment of severity, initial antimicrobial therapy, and preventative strategies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153:1711-25.
    • (1996) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.153 , pp. 1711-1725
    • Campbell Jr., G.1    Niederman, M.2    Broughton, W.3
  • 108
    • 0029859905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia - Impact on survival
    • Sterling T, Ho E, Brehm W, Kirkpatrick M. Diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia - impact on survival. Chest 1996; 110:1025-34.
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , pp. 1025-1034
    • Sterling, T.1    Ho, E.2    Brehm, W.3    Kirkpatrick, M.4
  • 109
    • 0026760182 scopus 로고
    • The crisis in antibiotic resistance
    • Neu H. The crisis in antibiotic resistance. Science 1992; 257:1064-73.
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 1064-1073
    • Neu, H.1
  • 110
    • 0028101814 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit: Are we curing or creating disease?
    • Kollef M. Antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit: are we curing or creating disease? Heart Lung 1994; 23:363-7.
    • (1994) Heart Lung , vol.23 , pp. 363-367
    • Kollef, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.