메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 355-380

Walking the talk? What employers say versus what they do

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRIME; EMPLOYMENT; LABOR MARKET; RACE;

EID: 23944505303     PISSN: 00031224     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/000312240507000301     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (501)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0034554907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Simple and Effective Confidence Intervals for Proportions and Differences of Proportions Result from Adding Two Successes and Two Failures"
    • Agresti, Alan and Brian Caffo. 2000. "Simple and Effective Confidence Intervals for Proportions and Differences of Proportions Result from Adding Two Successes and Two Failures." American Statistician 54:280-88.
    • (2000) American Statistician , vol.54 , pp. 280-288
    • Agresti, A.1    Caffo, B.2
  • 3
    • 0035229172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Nature and Operation of Attitudes"
    • Ajzen, Icek. 2001. "The Nature and Operation of Attitudes." Annual Review of Psychology 52:27-58.
    • (2001) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 27-58
    • Ajzen, I.1
  • 4
    • 0005441014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Response Rate in Academic Studies - A Comparative Analysis"
    • Baruch, Yehuda. 1999. "Response Rate in Academic Studies - A Comparative Analysis." Human Relations 52:421-38.
    • (1999) Human Relations , vol.52 , pp. 421-438
    • Baruch, Y.1
  • 5
    • 23944517335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jarnal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination"
    • Bertrand, Marianne and Sendhil Mullainathan. 2004. "Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jarnal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination." American Economic Review 94:991-1013.
    • (2004) American Economic Review , vol.94 , pp. 991-1013
    • Bertrand, M.1    Mullainathan, S.2
  • 6
    • 0003313139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Racial Attitudes and Power in the Workplace: Do the Haves Differ from the Have-Nots?"
    • edited by Lawrence Bobo, Melvin Oliver, James Johnson Jr., and Abel Valenzuela Jr. New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Bobo, Lawrence, Devon Johnson, and Susan A. Suh. 2000. "Racial Attitudes and Power in the Workplace: Do the Haves Differ from the Have-Nots?" Pp. 491-522 in Prismatic Metropolis: Inequality in Los Angeles, edited by Lawrence Bobo, Melvin Oliver, James Johnson Jr., and Abel Valenzuela Jr. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (2000) Prismatic Metropolis: Inequality in Los Angeles , pp. 491-522
    • Bobo, L.1    Johnson, D.2    Suh, S.A.3
  • 7
    • 0002433604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Status, Ideology, and Dimensions of Whites' Racial Beliefs and Attitudes: Progress and Stagnation"
    • edited by Steven A. Tuch and Jack K. Martin. Westport, CT: Praeger
    • Bobo, Lawrence and James Kluegel. 1997. "Status, Ideology, and Dimensions of Whites' Racial Beliefs and Attitudes: Progress and Stagnation." Pp. 93-120 in Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change, edited by Steven A. Tuch and Jack K. Martin. Westport, CT: Praeger.
    • (1997) Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change , pp. 93-120
    • Bobo, L.1    Kluegel, J.2
  • 8
    • 0002433603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Laissez Faire Racism: The Crystallization of a 'Kinder, Gentler' Anti-Black Ideology"
    • edited by S. Tuch and J. Martin. Westport CT: Praeger
    • Bobo, L., J. R. Kluegel, and R. A. Smith. 1997. "Laissez Faire Racism: The Crystallization of a 'Kinder, Gentler' Anti-Black Ideology." Pp. 15-42 in Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change, edited by S. Tuch and J. Martin. Westport CT: Praeger.
    • (1997) Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change , pp. 15-42
    • Bobo, L.1    Kluegel, J.R.2    Smith, R.A.3
  • 9
    • 18244401999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Prevalence of Imprisonment in the US. Population, 1974-2001"
    • Washingon, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, NCJ 197976
    • Bonczar, Thomas P. 2003. "Prevalence of Imprisonment in the US. Population, 1974-2001." Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report. Washingon, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, NCJ 197976.
    • (2003) Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report
    • Bonczar, T.P.1
  • 10
    • 0001307835 scopus 로고
    • "Response Effects"
    • edited by P. Rossi, J. Wright, and A. Anderson. New York: Academic Press
    • Bradburn, N. M. 1983. "Response Effects." Pp. 289-328 in Handbook of Survey Research, edited by P. Rossi, J. Wright, and A. Anderson. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1983) Handbook of Survey Research , pp. 289-328
    • Bradburn, N.M.1
  • 11
    • 0023214621 scopus 로고
    • "Answering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys"
    • Bradburn, Norman M., Lance J. Rips, and Steven K. Shevell. 1987. "Answering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys." Science 236:157-61.
    • (1987) Science , vol.236 , pp. 157-161
    • Bradburn, N.M.1    Rips, L.J.2    Shevell, S.K.3
  • 13
    • 0041595516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local Area Unemployment Statistics
    • Bureau of Labor Statistics. (Online Public Data Query). Retrieved March 1, 2003
    • Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2002. Local Area Unemployment Statistics. (Online Public Data Query). Retrieved March 1, 2003 (http://www.blr.gov/ lan/home.htm).
    • (2002)
  • 14
    • 0035993071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Black-White Wage Inequality in the 1990s: A Decade of Progress"
    • Couch, Kenneth and Mary C. Daly. 2002. "Black-White Wage Inequality in the 1990s: A Decade of Progress." Economic Inquiry 40:31-41.
    • (2002) Economic Inquiry , vol.40 , pp. 31-41
    • Couch, K.1    Daly, M.C.2
  • 16
    • 0028433259 scopus 로고
    • "Prejudice against Fat People: Ideology and Self-Interest"
    • Crandall, C. S. 1994. "Prejudice against Fat People: Ideology and Self-Interest." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66:882-94.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 882-894
    • Crandall, C.S.1
  • 17
    • 0001750599 scopus 로고
    • "Recent Unobtrusive Studies of Black and White Discrimination and Prejudice: A Literature Review"
    • Crosby, Faye, Stephanie Bromley, and Leonard Saxe. 1980. "Recent Unobtrusive Studies of Black and White Discrimination and Prejudice: A Literature Review." Psychological Bulletin 87:546-63.
    • (1980) Psychological Bulletin , vol.87 , pp. 546-563
    • Crosby, F.1    Bromley, S.2    Saxe, L.3
  • 18
    • 0034346848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Effects of Response Rate Changes on the Index of Consumer Sentiment"
    • Curtin, Richard, Stanley Presser, and Eleanor Singer. 2000. "The Effects of Response Rate Changes on the Index of Consumer Sentiment." Public Opinion Quarterly 64:413-28.
    • (2000) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.64 , pp. 413-428
    • Curtin, R.1    Presser, S.2    Singer, E.3
  • 21
    • 85050417671 scopus 로고
    • "Words and Deeds: Social Science and Social Policy"
    • Deutscher, Irwin. 1966. "Words and Deeds: Social Science and Social Policy." Social Problems 13:235-54.
    • (1966) Social Problems , vol.13 , pp. 235-254
    • Deutscher, I.1
  • 22
    • 25144451557 scopus 로고
    • "Stereotypes and Prejudice: Their Automatic and Controlled Components"
    • Devine, Patricia. 1989. "Stereotypes and Prejudice: Their Automatic and Controlled Components." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56:5-18.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 5-18
    • Devine, P.1
  • 23
    • 21344461648 scopus 로고
    • "Are Racial Stereotypes Really Fading? The Princeton Trilogy Revisited"
    • Devine, P. G. and A. J. Elliot. 1995. "Are Racial Stereotypes Really Fading? The Princeton Trilogy Revisited." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21:1139-50.
    • (1995) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.21 , pp. 1139-1150
    • Devine, P.G.1    Elliot, A.J.2
  • 25
    • 0345516267 scopus 로고
    • "Employer Bias toward the Hiring and Placement of Male Ex-Offenders"
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Education, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
    • Downing, David. 1984. "Employer Bias toward the Hiring and Placement of Male Ex-Offenders." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Education, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL.
    • (1984)
    • Downing, D.1
  • 26
    • 0035693769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Does Race Matter in Residential Segregation? Exploring the Preferences of White Americans"
    • Emerson, Michael, George Yancey, and Karen Chai. 2001. "Does Race Matter in Residential Segregation? Exploring the Preferences of White Americans." American Sociological Review 66:922-35.
    • (2001) American Sociological Review , vol.66 , pp. 922-935
    • Emerson, M.1    Yancey, G.2    Chai, K.3
  • 27
    • 0001329295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Racial Trends and Differences in the United States 30 Years After the Civil Rights Decade"
    • Farley, Reynolds. 1997. "Racial Trends and Differences in the United States 30 Years After the Civil Rights Decade." Social Science Research 26:235-62.
    • (1997) Social Science Research , vol.26 , pp. 235-262
    • Farley, R.1
  • 29
    • 0000146362 scopus 로고
    • "Chocolate City, Vanilla Suburbs: Will the Trend toward Racially Separate Communities Continue?"
    • Farley, Reynolds, Howard Schuman, Suzanne Bianchi, Diane Colasanto, and Shirley Hatchett. 1978. "Chocolate City, Vanilla Suburbs: Will the Trend toward Racially Separate Communities Continue?" Social Science Research 7:319-44.
    • (1978) Social Science Research , vol.7 , pp. 319-344
    • Farley, R.1    Schuman, H.2    Bianchi, S.3    Colasanto, D.4    Hatchett, S.5
  • 32
    • 0002666102 scopus 로고
    • "Attitude and the Prediction of Behavior"
    • edited by M. Fishbein. New York: Wiley
    • Fishbein, M. 1967. "Attitude and the Prediction of Behavior." Pp. 477-492 in Readings in Attitude Theory and Measurement, edited by M. Fishbein. New York: Wiley.
    • (1967) Readings in Attitude Theory and Measurement , pp. 477-492
    • Fishbein, M.1
  • 34
    • 9444281370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Predicting Discrimination: A Meta-Analysis of the Racial Attitude-Behavior Literature"
    • Working Paper. Department of Psychology, Princeton University
    • Fiske, Susan. 2004. "Predicting Discrimination: A Meta-Analysis of the Racial Attitude-Behavior Literature." Working Paper. Department of Psychology, Princeton University.
    • (2004)
    • Fiske, S.1
  • 35
    • 0004654910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Area Economic Conditions and the Labor Market Outcomes of Young Men in the 1990s Expansion"
    • Working Paper No. 7073, Cambridge, MA: NBER
    • Freeman, Richard B., and William M. Rodgers III. 1999. "Area Economic Conditions and the Labor Market Outcomes of Young Men in the 1990s Expansion." Working Paper No. 7073, Cambridge, MA: NBER.
    • (1999)
    • Freeman, R.B.1    Rodgers III, W.M.2
  • 36
    • 84949382784 scopus 로고
    • "Second-Generation Decline: Scenarios for the Economic and Ethnic Futures of the Post- 1965 American Immigrants"
    • Gans, Herbert. 1992. "Second-Generation Decline: Scenarios for the Economic and Ethnic Futures of the Post- 1965 American Immigrants." Ethnic and Racial Studies 15:173-192.
    • (1992) Ethnic and Racial Studies , vol.15 , pp. 173-192
    • Gans, H.1
  • 37
    • 0001927757 scopus 로고
    • "An Overview of Nonresponse Issues in Telephone Surveys"
    • edited by Robert M. Groves, Paul P. Biemer, Lars E. Lyberg, James T. Massey, William L. Nicholls II, and Joseph Waksberg. New York: Wiley
    • Groves, Robert M. and Lars E. Lyberg. 1988. "An Overview of Nonresponse Issues in Telephone Surveys." Pp. 191-212 in Telephone Survey Methodology, edited by Robert M. Groves, Paul P. Biemer, Lars E. Lyberg, James T. Massey, William L. Nicholls II, and Joseph Waksberg. New York: Wiley.
    • (1988) Telephone Survey Methodology , pp. 191-212
    • Groves, R.M.1    Lyberg, L.A.2
  • 38
    • 0000085956 scopus 로고
    • "Racial and Ethnic Diversity"
    • Social Trends 1990 Monograph Series, edited by R. Farley. New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Harrison, R. and C. Bennett. 1995. "Racial and Ethnic Diversity." Pp. 141-210 in State of the Union, America in the 1990s, vol. 2, Social Trends 1990 Monograph Series, edited by R. Farley. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1995) State of the Union, America in the 1990s , vol.2 , pp. 141-210
    • Harrison, R.1    Bennett, C.2
  • 40
    • 0002624552 scopus 로고
    • "The Urban Institute Audit Studies: Their Methods and Findings"
    • edited by Michael Fix and Raymond J. Struyk. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press
    • Heckman, James and Peter Seligman. 1993. "The Urban Institute Audit Studies: Their Methods and Findings." Pp. 187-258 in Clear and Convincing Evidence: Measurement of Discrimination in America, edited by Michael Fix and Raymond J. Struyk. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
    • (1993) Clear and Convincing Evidence: Measurement of Discrimination in America , pp. 187-258
    • Heckman, J.1    Seligman, P.2
  • 43
    • 14844325187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Employer Demand for Ex-Offenders: Recent Evidence from Los Angeles"
    • Discussion Paper No. 1268-03, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
    • Holzer, Harry, Steven Raphael, and Michael Stoll. 2003. "Employer Demand for Ex-Offenders: Recent Evidence from Los Angeles." Discussion Paper No. 1268-03, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
    • (2003)
    • Holzer, H.1    Raphael, S.2    Stoll, M.3
  • 44
    • 14844288365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "What Explains the Continuing Decline in Labor Force Activity among Young Black Men?"
    • Holzer, Harry, Paul Offner and Elaine Sorensen. 2005. "What Explains the Continuing Decline in Labor Force Activity among Young Black Men?" Labor History 46:37-55.
    • (2005) Labor History , vol.46 , pp. 37-55
    • Holzer, H.1    Offner, P.2    Sorensen, E.3
  • 46
    • 33645381421 scopus 로고
    • "Attitudes of Employers with Respect to Hiring Released Prisoners"
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Industrial Education, Texas A&M University, TX
    • Husley, Lonnie Freeman. 1990. "Attitudes of Employers with Respect to Hiring Released Prisoners." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Industrial Education, Texas A&M University, TX.
    • (1990)
    • Husley, L.F.1
  • 47
    • 84981867143 scopus 로고
    • "Finding Jobs for Ex-Offenders: A Study of Employers' Attitudes"
    • Jensen, W. and W. C. Giegold. 1976. "Finding Jobs for Ex-Offenders: A Study of Employers' Attitudes." American Business Law Journal 14:195-225.
    • (1976) American Business Law Journal , vol.14 , pp. 195-225
    • Jensen, W.1    Giegold, W.C.2
  • 48
    • 0001124785 scopus 로고
    • "Prejudice and Politics: Symbolic Racism Versus Racial Threats to the Good Life"
    • Kinder, D. and D. O. Sears. 1981. "Prejudice and Politics: Symbolic Racism Versus Racial Threats to the Good Life." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40:414-31.
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 414-431
    • Kinder, D.1    Sears, D.O.2
  • 49
    • 0002799313 scopus 로고
    • "'We'd Love to Hire Them, but...': The Meaning of Race for Employers"
    • edited by Christopher Jencks and P. Peterson. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute
    • Kirschenman, Joleen and Katherine Neckerman. 1991. "'We'd Love to Hire Them, but...': The Meaning of Race for Employers." Pp. 203-232 in The Urban Underclass, edited by Christopher Jencks and P. Peterson. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
    • (1991) The Urban Underclass , pp. 203-232
    • Kirschenman, J.1    Neckerman, K.2
  • 50
    • 17244369013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Prejudice, Politics, and Public Opinion: Understanding the Sources of Racial Policy Attitudes"
    • Krysan, Maria. 1999. "Prejudice, Politics, and Public Opinion: Understanding the Sources of Racial Policy Attitudes." Annual Review of Sociology 26:135-68.
    • (1999) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.26 , pp. 135-168
    • Krysan, M.1
  • 51
    • 0036835161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Whites Who Say They'd Flee: Who Are They, and Why Would They Leave?"
    • Krysan, Maria. 2002. "Whites Who Say They'd Flee: Who Are They, and Why Would They Leave?" Demography 39:675-96.
    • (2002) Demography , vol.39 , pp. 675-696
    • Krysan, M.1
  • 52
    • 0038457126 scopus 로고
    • "Verbal Attitudes and Overt Behavior Involving Racial Prejudice"
    • Kutner, Bernard, Carol Wilkins, and Penny Rechtman Yarrow. 1952. "Verbal Attitudes and Overt Behavior Involving Racial Prejudice." Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology 47:649-52.
    • (1952) Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 649-652
    • Kutner, B.1    Wilkins, C.2    Yarrow, P.R.3
  • 53
    • 84963025676 scopus 로고
    • "Attitudes vs Actions"
    • LaPiere, Richard T. 1934. "Attitudes vs Actions." Social Forces 13:230-37.
    • (1934) Social Forces , vol.13 , pp. 230-237
    • LaPiere, R.T.1
  • 54
    • 0000235326 scopus 로고
    • "Empirical Scaling of Common Verbal Phrases Associated with Numerical Probabilities"
    • Lichtenstein, Sarah and J. Robert Newman. 1967. "Empirical Scaling of Common Verbal Phrases Associated with Numerical Probabilities." Psychonomic Science 9:563-64.
    • (1967) Psychonomic Science , vol.9 , pp. 563-564
    • Lichtenstein, S.1    Newman, J.R.2
  • 55
    • 0001157664 scopus 로고
    • "Changes in Educational Attainment and School Enrollment"
    • Economic Trends, edited by R. Farley. New York: Russell Sage Foundation
    • Mare, R. D. 1995. "Changes in Educational Attainment and School Enrollment." Pp.155-213 in State of the Union: America in the 1990s, vol. I, Economic Trends, edited by R. Farley. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (1995) State of the Union: America in the 1990s , vol.1 , pp. 155-213
    • Mare, R.D.1
  • 56
    • 0035096514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Use of Black English and Racial Discrimination in Urban Housing Markets: New Methods and Findings"
    • Massey, Douglas and Garvey Lundy. 2001. "Use of Black English and Racial Discrimination in Urban Housing Markets: New Methods and Findings." Urban Affairs Review 36:452-69.
    • (2001) Urban Affairs Review , vol.36 , pp. 452-469
    • Massey, D.1    Lundy, G.2
  • 57
    • 0002437539 scopus 로고
    • "Discrimination and the American Creed"
    • edited by Robert M. MacIver. New York: Harper and Row
    • Merton, Robert K. 1949. "Discrimination and the American Creed." Pp. 99-126 in Discrimination and the National Welfare, edited by Robert M. MacIver. New York: Harper and Row.
    • (1949) Discrimination and the National Welfare , pp. 99-126
    • Merton, R.K.1
  • 59
    • 12344270613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council. Panel on Methods for Assessing Discrimination, Committee on National Statistics, Division of Behavior and Social Sciences and Education, edited by Rebecca M. Blank, Marilyn Dabady, and Constance F. Citro. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press
    • National Research Council. 2004. Measuring Racial Discrimination. Panel on Methods for Assessing Discrimination, Committee on National Statistics, Division of Behavior and Social Sciences and Education, edited by Rebecca M. Blank, Marilyn Dabady, and Constance F. Citro. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
    • (2004) Measuring Racial Discrimination
  • 60
    • 0010315479 scopus 로고
    • "The Meaning of Response Categories: How Often Is 'Occasionally,' 'Often,' and 'Very Often'"?
    • Pace, C. Robert and Jack Friedlander. 1982. "The Meaning of Response Categories: How Often Is 'Occasionally,' 'Often,' and 'Very Often'"? Research in Higher Education 17:267-81.
    • (1982) Research in Higher Education , vol.1 , pp. 267-281
    • Pace, C.R.1    Friedlander, J.2
  • 61
    • 0242424960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Mark of a Criminal Record"
    • Pager, Devah. 2003. "The Mark of a Criminal Record." American Journal of Sociology 108:937-75.
    • (2003) American Journal of Sociology , vol.108 , pp. 937-975
    • Pager, D.1
  • 62
    • 0242452188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The Mark of a Criminal Record"
    • Doctoral dissertation. Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
    • Pager, Devah. 2002. "The Mark of a Criminal Record." Doctoral dissertation. Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
    • (2002)
    • Pager, D.1
  • 63
    • 2642584998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in U.S. Incarceration"
    • Pettit, Becky and Bruce Western. 2004. "Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in U.S. Incarceration." American Sociological Review 69:151-69.
    • (2004) American Sociological Review , vol.69 , pp. 151-169
    • Pettit, B.1    Western, B.2
  • 64
    • 84925908265 scopus 로고
    • "Encounters Between Blacks and White Liberals: The Collision of Stereotypes"
    • Poskocil, A. 1977. "Encounters Between Blacks and White Liberals: The Collision of Stereotypes." Social Forces 55:715-27.
    • (1977) Social Forces , vol.55 , pp. 715-727
    • Poskocil, A.1
  • 65
    • 0007946753 scopus 로고
    • "Telemarketing and Declining Survey Response Rates"
    • Remington, Todd D. 1992. "Telemarketing and Declining Survey Response Rates." Journal of Advertising Research 32:6-7.
    • (1992) Journal of Advertising Research , vol.32 , pp. 6-7
    • Remington, T.D.1
  • 67
    • 85040841712 scopus 로고
    • "Racial and Behavioral Cues in Black and White Children's Perception fo Ambiguously Aggressive Acts"
    • Sagar, H. and J. W. Schofield. 1980. "Racial and Behavioral Cues in Black and White Children's Perception fo Ambiguously Aggressive Acts." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39:590-98.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 590-598
    • Sagar, H.1    Schofield, J.W.2
  • 68
    • 0000089584 scopus 로고
    • "Hardly Ever or Constantly? Group Comparisons Using Vague Quantifiers"
    • Schaeffer, Nora Cate. 1991. "Hardly Ever or Constantly? Group Comparisons Using Vague Quantifiers." Public Opinion Quarterly 55:395-423.
    • (1991) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.55 , pp. 395-423
    • Schaeffer, N.C.1
  • 69
    • 0002360172 scopus 로고
    • "Attitudes"
    • edited by Karen Cook, Gary Fine, and James House. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon
    • Schuman, Howard. 1995. "Attitudes." Pp. 68-89 in Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology, edited by Karen Cook, Gary Fine, and James House. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
    • (1995) Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology , pp. 68-89
    • Schuman, H.1
  • 70
    • 84932083129 scopus 로고
    • "Survey-Based Experiments on White Racial Attitudes toward Residential Integration"
    • Schuman, Howard and Lawrence Bobo. 1988. "Survey-Based Experiments on White Racial Attitudes toward Residential Integration." American Journal of Sociology 94:273-99.
    • (1988) American Journal of Sociology , vol.94 , pp. 273-299
    • Schuman, H.1    Bobo, L.2
  • 73
    • 0030163665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "How strong is the Relationship Between Prejudice and Discrimination? A Meta-Analytic Answer"
    • Schutz, Heidi and Bernd Six. 1996. "How strong is the Relationship Between Prejudice and Discrimination? A Meta-Analytic Answer." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 20:441-62.
    • (1996) International Journal of Intercultural Relations , vol.20 , pp. 441-462
    • Schutz, H.1    Six, B.2
  • 75
    • 0000370769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Innovation in Experimental Design in Attitude Surveys"
    • Sniderman, Paul M. and Douglas B. Grob. 1996. "Innovation in Experimental Design in Attitude Surveys." Annual Review of Sociology 22:377-99.
    • (1996) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.22 , pp. 377-399
    • Sniderman, P.M.1    Grob, D.B.2
  • 76
    • 84924806276 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
    • Sniderman, Paul M. and Thomas Piazza. 1993. The Scar of Race. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
    • (1993) The Scar of Race
    • Sniderman, P.M.1    Piazza, T.2
  • 77
    • 0001249771 scopus 로고
    • "Response Validity in Surveys of Voting Behavior"
    • Traugott, Michael W. and John P. Katosh. 1979. "Response Validity in Surveys of Voting Behavior." Public Opinion Quarterly 43:359-77.
    • (1979) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.43 , pp. 359-377
    • Traugott, M.W.1    Katosh, J.P.2
  • 80
    • 85039366742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Black-White Wage Inequality, Employment Rates, and Incarceration"
    • Forthcoming
    • Western, Bruce and Becky Pettit. Forthcoming. "Black-White Wage Inequality, Employment Rates, and Incarceration." American Journal of Sociology.
    • American Journal of Sociology
    • Western, B.1    Pettit, B.2
  • 81
    • 34247980882 scopus 로고
    • "Attitudes versus Actions: The Relationship of Verbal and Overt Behavioral Responses to Attitude Objects"
    • Wicker, A. W. 1969. "Attitudes versus Actions: The Relationship of Verbal and Overt Behavioral Responses to Attitude Objects." Journal of Social Issues 25:41-78.
    • (1969) Journal of Social Issues , vol.25 , pp. 41-78
    • Wicker, A.W.1
  • 84
    • 0000563113 scopus 로고
    • "The Nonverbal Mediation of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Interracial Interactions"
    • Word, C. O., M. P. Zanna, and J. Cooper. 1974. "The Nonverbal Mediation of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Interracial Interactions." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 10:109-20.
    • (1974) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 109-120
    • Word, C.O.1    Zanna, M.P.2    Cooper, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.