Insulin-like factor 3: Where are we now?

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 1041, Issue , 2005, Pages 486-496

  Ivell, Richard ^a   Hartung, Stefan ^b   Anand Ivell, Ravinder ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HAMBURG EPPENDORF   (Germany)

Author keywords

Insulin like factor 3 (INSL3); Leydig cells; Ovary; Relaxin; RLF; Theca interna

Indexed keywords

G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; INSULIN LIKE FACTOR 3; RELAXIN LIKE FACTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CRYPTORCHISM; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; HORMONE ACTION; HORMONE RELEASE; HORMONE STRUCTURE; IMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; LEYDIG CELL; NONHUMAN; OVARY FOLLICLE CELL; PHENOTYPE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TESTIS DESCENT; THECA CELL;

EID: 23644458148     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1282.073     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (41)

1. ADHAM, I.M., E. BURKHARDT, M. BANAHMED, et al. 1993. Cloning of a cDNA for a novel insulin-like peptide of the testicular Leydig cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 26668-26672.
2. PUSCH, W., M. BALVERS & R. IVELL. 1996. Molecular cloning and expression of the relaxin-like factor from the mouse testis. Endocrinology 137: 3009-3013.
3. BURKHARDT, E., I.M. ADHAM, U. HOBOHM, et al. 1994. A human cDNA coding for the Leydig insulin-like peptide (Ley I-L). Hum. Genet. 94: 91-94.
4. TASHIMA, L.S., A.D. HIEBER, F.C. GREENWOOD, et al. 1995. The human Leydig insulin-like (hLEY I-L) gene is expressed in the corpus luteum and trophoblast. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80: 707-710.
5. IVELL, R., M. BALVERS, R. DOMAGALSKI, et al. 1997. Relaxin-like factor: a highly specific and constitutive new marker for Leydig cells in the human testis. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 3: 459-466.
6. BATHGATE, R., M. BALVERS, N. HUNT, et al. 1996. Relaxin-like factor gene is highly expressed in the bovine ovary of the cycle and pregnancy: sequence and messenger ribonucleic acid analysis. Biol. Reprod. 55: 1452-1457.
7. ROCHE, P.J., A. BUTKUS, E.M. WINTOUR, et al. 1996. Structure and expression of Leydig insulin-like peptide mRNA in the sheep. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 121: 171-177.
8. ZARREH-HOSHYARI-KHAH, M.R., A. EINSPANIER & R. IVELL. 1999. Differential splicing and expression of the relaxin-like factor gene in reproductive tissues of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Biol. Reprod. 60: 445-453.
9. SPIESS, A.N., M. BALVERS, M. TENA-SEMPERE, et al. 1999. Structure and expression of the rat relaxin-like factor (RLF) gene. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 54: 319-325.
10. ZIMMERMANN, S., G. STEDING, J.M. EMMEN, et al. 1999. Targeted disruption of the Insl3 gene causes bilateral cryptorchidism. Mol. Endocrinol. 13: 681-691.
11. NEF, S. & L.F. PARADA. 1999. Cryptorchidism in mice mutant for Insl3. Nat. Genet. 22: 295-299.
12. GORLOV, I.P., A. KAMAT, N.V. BOGATCHEVA, et al. 2002. Mutations of the GREAT gene cause cryptorchidism. Hum. Mol. Genet. 11: 2309-2318.
13. BOGATCHEVA, N.V., A. TRUONG, S. FENG, et al. 2003. GREAT/LGR8 is the only receptor for insulin-like 3 peptide. Mol. Endocrinol. 17: 2639-2646.
14. HSU, S.Y., K. NAKABAYASHI, S. NISHI, et al. 2002. Activation of orphan receptors by the hormone relaxin. Science 295: 671-674.
15. KOSKIMIES, P., A.N. SPIESS, P. LAHTI, et al. 1997. The mouse relaxin-like factor gene and its promoter are located within the 3′ region of the JAK3 genomic sequence. FEBS Lett. 419: 186-190.
16. ZIMMERMANN, S., A. SCHWARZLER, S. BUTH, et al. 1998. Transcription of the Leydig insulin-like gene is mediated by steroidogenic factor-1. Mol. Endocrinol. 12: 706-713.
17. KOSKIMIES, P., J. LEVALLET, P. SIPILA, et al. 2002. Murine relaxin-like factor promoter: functional characterization and regulation by transcription factors steroidogenic factor 1 and DAX-1. Endocrinology 143: 909-919.
18. BALVERS, M., A.N. SPIESS, R. DOMAGALSKI, et al. 1998. Relaxin-like factor expression as a marker of differentiation in the mouse testis and ovary. Endocrinology 139: 2960-2970.
19. KLONISCH, T., R. IVELL, M. BALVERS, et al. 1999. Expression of relaxin-like factor is down-regulated in human testicular Leydig cell neoplasia. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 5: 104-108.
20. IVELL, R., M. BALVERS, R.J.K. ANAND, et al. 2003. Differentiation- dependent expression of 17β-HSD type 10 in the rodent testis: effect of aging in Leydig cells. Endocrinology 144:3130-3137.
21. HOMBACH-KLONISCH, S., J. SCHON, A. KEHLEN, et al. 2004. Seasonal expression of INSL3 and Lgr8/Insl3 receptor transcripts indicate variable differentiation of Leydig cells in the roe deer testis. Biol. Reprod. 71: 1079-1087.
22. FORESTA, C., A. BETTELLA, C. VINANZI, et al. 2004. A novel circulating hormone of testis origin in humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89: 5952-5958.
23. BATHGATE, R., N. MONIAC, B. BARTLICK, et al. 1999. Expression and regulation of relaxin-like factor gene transcripts in the bovine ovary: differentiation-dependent expression in theca cell cultures. Biol. Reprod. 61: 1090-1098.
24. SKAKKEBAEK, N.E., E. RAJPERT-DE MEYTS & K.M. MAIN. 2001. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects. Hum. Reprod. 16: 972-978.
25. EMMEN, J.M., A. MCLUSKEY, I.M. ADHAM, et al. 2000. Involvement of insulin-like factor 3 (Insl3) in diethylstilbestrol-induced cryptorchidism. Endocrinology 141: 846-849.
26. NEF, S., T. SHIPMAN & L.F. PARADA. 2000. A molecular basis for estrogen-induced cryptorchidism. Dev. Biol. 224: 354-361.
27. WILSON, V.S., C. LAMBRIGHT, J. FURR, et al. 2004. Phthalate ester-induced gubernacular lesions are associated with reduced Insl3 gene expression in the fetal rat testis. Toxicol. Lett. 146: 207-215.
28. FENO, S., V.K. CORTESSIS, A. HWANG, et al. 2004. Mutation analysis of INSL3 and GREAT/LGR8 genes in familial cryptorchidism. Urology 64: 1032-1036.
29. BATHGATE, R.A., C.S. SAMUEL, T.C. BURAZIN, et al. 2002. Human relaxin gene 3 (H3) and equivalent mouse relaxin (M3) gene: novel members of the relaxin peptide family. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 1148-1157.
30. STEINETZ, B.G., C. SCHWABE, I.P. CALLARD, et al. 1998. Dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) testes contain a relaxin. J. Androl. 19: 110-115.
31. DE RIENZO, G., F. ANIELLO, M. BRANNO, et al. Isolation and characterization of a novel member of the relaxin/insulin family from the testis of the frog Rana esculenta. Endocrinology 142: 3231-3238.
32. KOSKIMIES, P., M. SUVANTO, E. NOKKALA, et al. 2003. Female mice carrying a ubiquitin promoter-Insl3 transgene have descended ovaries and inguinal hernias but normal fertility. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 206: 159-166.
33. DURINOVIC-BELLO, I., B.O. BOEHM & A.G. ZIEGLER. 2002. Predominantly recognized proinsulin T helper cell epitopes in individuals with and without islet cell autoimmunity. J. Autoimmun. 18: 55-56.
34. IRVING-RODGERS, H.F., R.A. BATHGATE, R. IVELL, et al. 2002. Dynamic changes in the expression of relaxin-like factor (Insl3), cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in bovine ovarian follicles during growth and atresia. Biol. Reprod. 66: 934-943.
35. NICHOLS, N., H. BINTA, P.A. FIELDS, et al. 2005. Immunohistochemical localization of relaxin-like factor/insulin-like peptide-3 in the bovine corpus luteum. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1041. In press.
36. Büllesbach, E.E. & C. Schwabe. 2002. The primary structure and the disulfide links of the bovine relaxin-like factor (RLF). Biochemistry 41: 274-281.
37. BAY, K., S. HARTUNG, R. IVELL, et al. 2005. Insl3 serum levels in 135 normal men and 82 men with testicular disorders: relation to semen quality and the LH-testosterone axis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. In press.
38. SPANEL-BOROWSKI, K., I. SCHÄFER, S. ZIMMERMANN, et al. 2001. Increase in final stages of follicular atresia and premature decay of corpora lutea in Insl3-deficient mice. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 58: 281-286.
39. PAUST, H.J., J. WESSELS, R. IVELL, et al. 2002. The expression of the RLF/INSL3 gene is reduced in Leydig cells of the aging rat testis. Exp. Gerontol. 37: 1461-1467.
40. GNESSI, L., S. BASCIANI, S. MARIANI, et al. 2000. Leydig cell loss and spermatogenic arrest in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A-deficient mice. J. Cell. Biol. 149: 1019-1026.
41. HOMBACH-KLONISCH, S., J. BUCHMANN, S. SARUN, et al. 2000. Relaxin-like factor (RLF) is differentially expressed in the normal and neoplastic human mammary gland. Cancer 89: 2161-2168.