Cytomegalovirus (CMV) blood DNA load, CMV retinitis progression, and occurrence of resistant CMV in patients with CMV retinitis

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 192, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 640-649

  Jabs, Douglas A ^a,b,c   Martin, Barbara K ^b   Forman, Michael S ^a   Ricks, Michelle O ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS DNA;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BLOOD CULTURE; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE MARKER; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; LEUKOCYTE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINITIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SURVIVAL TIME; VIRUS DETECTION; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS RESISTANCE;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; COHORT STUDIES; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS; DRUG RESISTANCE, VIRAL; FEMALE; GANCICLOVIR; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; MALE; PHENOTYPE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TIME FACTORS; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 23244462246     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/432012     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Jabs DA. Ocular manifestations of HIV infection. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1995; 93:623-83.
2. Moore RD, Chaisson RE. Natural history of opportunistic disease in an HIV-infected urban clinical cohort. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124:633-42.
3. Jabs DA. AIDS and ophthalmology in 2004. Arch Ophthalmol 2004; 122:1040-2.
4. Jabs DA, Bartlett JG. AIDS and ophthalmology: a period of transition. Am J Ophthalmol 1997; 124:227-33.
5. Palella FJ, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:853-60.
6. Holtzer CD, Jacobson MA, Hadley WK, et al. Decline in the rate of specific opportunistic infections at San Francisco General Hospital, 1994-1997. AIDS 1998; 12:1931-3.
7. Jacobson MA, Stanley H, Holtzer C, Margolis TP, Cunningham ET. Natural history and outcome of new AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis diagnosed in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:231-3.
8. Jacobson MA, O'Donnell JJ, Brodie HR, Wofsy C, Mills J. Randomized prospective trial of ganciclovir maintenance therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis. J Med Virol 1988; 25:339-49.
9. Jabs DA, Bolton SG, Dunn JP, Palestine AG. Discontinuing anticytomegalovirus therapy in patients with immune reconstitution after combination antiretroviral therapy. Am J Ophthalmol 1998; 126:817-22.
10. Jabs DA, Van Natta ML, Kempen JH, et al. Characteristics of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Ophthalmol 2002; 133:48-61.
11. Jabs DA, Enger C, Dunn JP, Forman M. Cytomegalovirus resistance and viral resistance: ganciclovir resistance. Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Viral Resistance Study Group. J Infect Dis 1998; 177:770-3.
12. Jabs DA, Enger C, Forman M, Dunn JP. Incidence of foscarnet resistance and cidofovir resistance in patients treated for cytomegalovirus retinitis. The Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Viral Resistance Study Group. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42:2240-4.
13. Weinberg A, Jabs DA, Chou S, et al. Mutations conferring foscarnet resistance in a cohort of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus retinitis. J Infect Dis 2003; 187:777-84.
14. Jabs DA, Martin BK, Forman MS, et al. Mutations conferring ganciclovir resistance in a cohort of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus retinitis. J Infect Dis 2001; 183:333-7.
15. Jabs DA, Martin BK, Forman MS, et al. Longitudinal observations on mutations conferring ganciclovir resistance in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus retinitis: The Cytomegalovirus and Viral Resistance Study Group Report Number 8. Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 132:700-10.
16. Erice A. Resistance of human cytomegalovirus to antiviral drugs. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12:286-97.
17. Chou S, Marousek G, Guentzel S, et al. Evolution of mutations conferring multidrug resistance during prophylaxis and therapy for cytomegalovirus disease. J Infect Dis 1997; 176:786-9.
18. Chou S, Waldemer RH, Senters AE, et al. Cytomegalovirus UL97 phosphotransferase mutations that affect susceptibility to ganciclovir. J Infect Dis 2002; 185:162-9.
19. Lurain NS, Weinberg A, Crumpacker CS, Chou S, Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group CMV Laboratories. Sequencing of cytomegalovirus UL97 gene for genotypic antiviral resistance testing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:2775-80.
20. Smith IL, Cherrington JM, Jiles RE, Fuller MD, Freeman WR, Spector SA. High-level resistance of cytomegalovirus to ganciclovir is associated with alterations in both the UL97 and DNA polymerase genes. J Infect Dis 1997; 176:69-77.
21. Lurain NS, Thompson KD, Holmes EW, Read GS. Point mutations in the DNA polymerase gene of human cytomegalovirus that result in resistance to antiviral agents. J Virol 1992; 66:7146-52.
22. Erice A, Gil-Roda C, Perez JL, et al. Antiviral susceptibilities and analysis of UL97 and DNA polymerase sequences of clinical cytomegalovirus isolates from immunocompromised patients. J Infect Dis 1997; 175:1087-92.
23. Chou S, Marousek G, Parenti DM, et al. Mutation in region III of the DNA polymerase gene conferring foscarnet resistance in cytomegalovirus isolates from 3 subjects receiving prolonged antiviral therapy. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:526-30.
24. Chou S, Lurain NS, Weinberg A, Cai GY, Sharma PL, Crumpacker CS. Interstrain variation in the human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase sequence and its effect on genotypic diagnosis of antiviral drug resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:1500-2.
25. Hu H, Jabs DA, Forman MS, et al. Comparison of cytomegalovirus (CMV) UL97 gene sequences in the blood and vitreous of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and CMV retinitis. J Infect Dis 2002; 185:861-7.
26. Jabs DA, Martin BK, Forman MS, et al. Cytomegalovirus resistance to ganciclovir and clinical outcomes of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2003; 135:26-34.
27. Jabs DA, Forman M, Enger C, Jackson JB. Comparison of cytomegalovirus loads in plasma and leukocytes of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:1431-5.
28. Shinkai M, Bozzette SA, Powderly W, Frame P, Spector SA. Utility of urine and leukocyte cultures and plasma DNA polymerase chain reaction for identification of AIDS patients at risk for developing human cytomegalovirus disease. J Infect Dis 1997; 175:302-8.
29. Spector SA, Hsia K, Crager M, Pilcher M, Cabral S, Stempien MJ. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA load is an independent predictor of CMV disease and survival in advanced AIDS. J Virol 1999; 73:7027-30.
30. Bowen EF, Sabin CA, Wilson P, et al. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viraemia detected by polymerase chain reaction identifies a group of HIV-positive patients at high risk of CMV disease. AIDS 1997; 11:889-93.
31. Bowen EF, Wilson P, Cope A, et al. Cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients: influence of cytomegaloviral load on response to ganciclovir, time to recurrence and survival. AIDS 1996; 10:1515-20.
32. Emery VC, Griffiths PD. Prediction of cytomegalovirus load and resistance patterns after antiviral chemotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97:8039-44.
33. Emery VC, Sabin C, Feinberg JE, Grywacz M, Knight S, Griffiths PD. Quantitative effects of valacyclovir on the replication of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in persons with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease: baseline CMV load dictates time to disease and survival. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group 204/Glaxo Wellcome 123-014 International CMV Prophylaxis Study Group. J Infect Dis 1999; 180:695-701.
34. Jabs DA, Holbrook JT, Van Natta ML, et al. Risk factors for mortality in patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ophthalmology 2005; 112:771-9.
35. Enger C, Jabs DA, Dunn JP, et al. Viral resistance and CMV retinitis: design and methods of a prospective study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 1997; 4:41-8.
36. Jabs DA, Enger C, Dunn JP, Forman M, Hubbard L. Cytomegalovirus retinitis and viral resistance: culture results. CMV Retinitis and Viral Resistance Study Group. Am J Ophthalmol 1998; 126:543-9.
37. Dankner WM, Scholl D, Stanat SC, Martin M, Sonke RL, Spector SA. Rapid antiviral DNA-DNA hybridization assay for human cytomegalovirus. J Virol Methods 1990; 28:293-8.
38. Landry ML, Stanat S, Biron K, et al. A standardized plaque reduction assay for determination of drug susceptibilities of cytomegalovirus clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:688-92.
39. Jabs DA, Dunn JP, Enger C, Forman M, Bressler N, Charache C, Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Viral Resistance Study Group. Cytomegalovirus retinitis and viral resistance: prevalence of resistance at diagnosis, 1994. Arch Ophthalmol 1996; 114:809-14.
40. Drew WL, Miner RC, Busch DF, et al. Prevalence of resistance in patients receiving ganciclovir for serious cytomegalovirus infection. J Infect Dis 1991; 163:716-9.
41. Drew WL, Miner RC, Saleh E. Antiviral susceptibility of cytomegalovirus: criteria for detecting resistance to antivirals. Clin Diagn Virol 1993; 1:179-85.
42. Foscarnet B Ganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Trial. 4. Visual outcomes. Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group in collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Ophthalmology 1994; 101:1250-61.
43. Kuppermann BD, Quiceno JI, Flores-Aguilar M, et al. Intravitreal ganciclovir concentration after intravenous administration in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis: implications for therapy. J Infect Dis 1993; 168:1506-9.
44. Arevalo JF, Gonzalez C, Capparelli EV. Intravitreous and plasma concentrations of ganciclovir and foscarnet after intravenous therapy in patients with AIDS and Cytomegalovirus retinitis. J Infect Dis 1995; 172:951-6.
45. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2002 USPHS/IDSA guidelines for the preventing opportunistic infections among HIV-infected persons. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2002; 51:1-52.
46. Jabs DA, Van Natta ML, Thorne JE, et al. Course of cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: 1. Retinitis progression. Ophthalmology 2004; 111:2224-31.
47. Musch DC, Martin DF, Gordon JF, Davis MD, Kuppermann BD, Ganciclovir Implant Study Group. Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with a sustained-release ganciclovir implant. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:83-90.
48. Martin DF, Kuppermann BD, Wolitz RA, Palestine AG, Li H, Robinson CA. Oral ganciclovir for patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis treated with a ganciclovir implant. Roche Ganciclovir Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:1063-70.
49. Liang KY, Zeger SL. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 1986; 73:13-22.
50. McNeil BJ, Keller E, Adelstein SJ. Primer on certain elements of medical decision making. N Engl J Med 1975; 293:211-5.
51. Chow SW. Cytomegalovirus drug resistance and clinical implications. Transpl Infect Dis 2001; 3:20-4.
52. Lurain NS, Bhorade SM, Pursell KJ, et al. Analysis and characterization of antiviral drug-resistant cytomegalovirus isolates from solid organ transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 2002; 186:760-8.
53. Chou S, Lurain NS, Thompson KD, et al. Viral DNA polymerase mutations associated with drug resistance in human cytomegalovirus. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:32-9.
54. Baldanti F, Gerna G. Human cytomegalovirus resistance to antiviral drugs: diagnosis, monitoring and clinical impact. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 52:324-30.
55. Kovacs A, Schluchter M, Easley K, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection and HIV-1 disease progression in infants born to HIV-1-infected women. Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:77-84.
56. Webster A, Lee CA, Cook DG, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection and progression towards AIDS in haemophiliacs with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Lancet 1989; 2:63-6.
57. Sabin CA, Phillips AN, Lee CA, Janossy G, Emery V, Griffiths PD. The effect of CMV infection on progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease is a cohort of haemophilic men followed for up to 13 years from seroconversion. Epidemiol Infect 1995; 114:361-72.
58. Davis MG, Kenney SC, Kamine J, Pagano JS, Huang ES. Immediate-early gene region of human cytomegalovirus trans-activates the promoter of human immunodeficiency virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987; 84:8642-6.
59. Skolnik PR, Kosloff BR, Hirsch MS. Bidirectional interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus. J Infect Dis 1988; 157:508-14.
60. Kotenko SV, Saccani S, Izotova LS, Mirochnitchcnko OV, Pestka S. Human cylomegalovirus harbors its own unique IL-10 homolog (cmvIL-10). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97:1695-700.
61. Spencer JV, Lockridge KM, Barry PA, et al. Potent immunosuppressive activities of cytomegalovirus-encoded interleukin-10. J Virol 2002; 76:1285-92.
62. Seow H-F. Pathogen interactions with cytokines and host defence: an overview. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1998; 63:139-48.
63. Vink C, Beisser PS, Bruggeman CA. Molecular mimicry by cytomegaloviruses. Intervirology 1999; 42:342-9.
64. Collier AC, Chandler SH, Handsfield HH, Corey L, McDougall JK. Identification of multiple strains of cytomegalovirus in homosexual men. J Infect Dis 1989; 159:123-6.