The contribution of edaphic heterogeneity to the evolution and diversity of Burseraceae trees in the western Amazon

Evolution

Volumn 59, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 1464-1478.

  Fine, Paul V A ^a,b,g   Daly, Douglas C ^c   Muñoz, Gorky Villa ^d   Mesones, Italo ^e   Cameron, Kenneth M ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^b FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (United States)

^c INSTITUTE OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY   (United States)

^d PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL ECUADOR   (Ecuador)

^e UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA   (Peru)

^f NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Ecological speciation; Habitat specialization; Parapatric; Protium; Tropical rainforest; White sand

Indexed keywords

PLANT COMMUNITY; SPECIALIZATION; SPECIATION (BIOLOGY); SPECIES DIVERSITY;

AMAZON BASIN; SOUTH AMERICA; WESTERN HEMISPHERE; WORLD;

BURSERACEAE; CREPIDOSPERMUM; PROTIUM; TETRAGASTRIS;

EID: 23244439981     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1554/04-745     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. Ab'Sáber, A. N. 1982. The paleoclimate and paleoecology of Brazilian Amazonia. Pp. 41-59 in G. T. Prance, ed. Biological diversification of the tropics. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
2. Alvarez, J., and B. Whitney. 2001. A new Zimmerius tyrannulet (Aves: Tyrannidae) from white-sand forests of Northern Amazonian Peru. Wilson Bull. 113:1-9.
3. _. 2003. New distributional records of birds from white-sand forests of the northern Peruvian amazon, with implications for biogeography of northern South America. Condor 105:552-566.
4. Anderson, A. 1981. White-sand vegetation of Brazilian Amazonia. Biotropica 13:199-210.
5. Ashton, P. S. 1976. Mixed dipterocarp forest and its variation with habitat in the Malayan lowlands: a re-evaluation at Pasoh. Malay. For. 39:56-72.
6. Bates, J. M., S. J. Hackett, and J. Cracraft. 1998. Area-relationships in the Neotropical lowlands: an hypothesis based on raw distributions of passerine birds. J. Biogeogr. 25:783-793.
7. Binkley, D., and P. Matson. 1983. Ion exchange resin bag method for assessing forest soil nitrogen availability. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 47:1050-1052.
8. Burnham, R. J., and A. Graham. 1999. The history of neotropical vegetation: new developments and status. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 86:546-589.
9. Bush, M. B. 1994. Amazonian speciation: a necessarily complex model. J. Biogeogr. 21:5-17.
10. Cavender-Bares, J., D. D. Ackerly, D. A. Baum, and F. A. Bazzaz. 2004. Phylogenetic overdispersion in Floridian oak communities. Am. Nat. 163:823-843.
11. Clark, D. B., D. A. Clark, and J. M. Read. 1998. Edaphic variation and the mesoscale distribution of tree species in a Neotropical rain forest. J. Ecol. 86:101-112.
12. Clark, D. B., M. W. Palmer, and D. A. Clark. 1999. Edaphic factors and the landscape-scale distributions of tropical rain forest trees. Ecology 80:2662-2675.
13. Clarkson, J. J., M. W. Chase, and M. M. Harley. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships in Burseraceae based on plastid rps16 intron sequences. Kew Bull. 57:183-193.
14. Colinvaux, P. A., P. E. Oliveira, and M. B. Bush. 2000. Amazonian and Neotropical plant communities on glacial time-scales: the failure of the aridity and refuge hypotheses. Quat. Sci. Rev. 19:141-169.
15. Condit, R., N. Pitman, E. Leigh, J. Chave, J. Terborgh, R. Foster, P. Nuñez, S. Aguilar, R. Valencia, G. Villa, H. Muller-Landau, E. Losos, and S. Hubbell. 2002. Beta-diversity in tropical forest trees. Science 295:666-669.
16. Coomes, D. A. 1997. Nutrient status of Amazonian caatinga forests in a seasonally dry area: nutrient fluxes, litterfall and analyses of soils. Can. J. For. Res. 27:831-839.
17. _. and P. J. Grubb. 1998. Responses of juvenile trees to above and belowground competition in nutrient-starved Amazonian rain forest. Ecology 79:768-782.
18. Cowling, R. M., E. Witkowski, A. Milewski, and K. Newbey. 1994. Taxonomic, edaphic, and biological aspects of narrow plant endemism on matched sites in Mediterranean South Africa and Australia. J. Biogeogr. 21:651-664.
19. Daly, D. C. 1987. A taxonomic revision of Protium (Burseraceae) in Eastern Amazonia and the Guianas. Ph.D. diss., City University of New York, New York.
20. _. 1989. Studies in Neotropical Burseraceae. II. Generic limits in new world Protieae and Canarieae. Brittonia 41:17-27.
21. _. 1992. New taxa and combinations in Protium Burm F.: studies in Neotropical Burseraceae. VI. Brittonia 44:280-299.
22. _. 1997. Burseraceae. Pp. 688-728 in P. E. Berry, B. K. Holst, and K. Yatskievych, eds. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Vol. 3. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO.
23. Daly, D. C., and J. D. Mitchell. 2000. Lowland vegetation of tropical South America: an overview. Pp. 391-454 in D. L. Lentz, ed. Imperfect balance: landscape transformations in the Precolumbian Americas. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
24. Davies, S. J., P. A. Palmiotto, P. S. Ashton, H. S. Lee, and J. V. LaFrankie. 1998. Comparative ecology of 11 sympatric species of Macaranga in Borneo: tree distribution in relation to horizontal and vertical resource heterogeneity. J. Ecol. 86:662-673.
25. Duivenvoorden, J. F. 1995. Tree species composition and rain forest-environment relationship in the middle Caqueta area, Colombia, NW Amazonia. Vegetatio 120:91-113.
26. Endler, J. A. 1977. Geographic variation, speciation, and Clines. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
27. _. 1982. Pleistocene forest refuges: fact or fancy. Pp. 641-657 in G. T. Prance, ed. Biological diversification in the tropics. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
28. Farris, J. S., M. Källersjö, A. G. Klude, and C. Bult. 1995. Testing significance of incongruence. Cladistics 10:315-319.
29. Fine, P. V. A., I. Mesones, and P. D. Coley. 2004. Herbivores promote habitat specialization by trees in Amazonian forests. Science 305:663-665.
30. Foster, R. B. 1990. Long-term change in the successional forest community of the Rio Manu floodplain. Pp. 565-572 in A. H. Gentry, ed. Four Neotropical rainforests. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT.
31. Gentry, A. H. 1981. Distributional patterns and an additional species of the Passiflora vitifolia complex: Amazonian species diversity due to edaphically differentiated communities. Plant Syst. Evol. 137:95-105.
32. _. 1986. Endemism in tropical versus temperate plant communities. Pp. 153-181 in M. Soulé, ed. Conservation biology: the science of scarcity and diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
33. _. 1988. Patterns of plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 75:1-34.
34. Guillamet, J.-L. 1987. Some structural and floristic aspects of the forest. Experientia 3:241-251.
35. Haffer, J. 1969. Speciation in Amazonian forest birds. Science 165:131-137.
36. Haffer, J., and G. T. Prance. 2001. Climatic forcing of evolution in Amazonia during the Cenozoic: on the refuge theory of biotic differentiation. Amazoniana 16:579-607.
37. Harley, M., and D. C. Daly. 1995. Burseraceae Kunth, Protieae March, em. Engl. World Pollen Spore 20:1-44.
38. Harms, K. E., R. Condit, S. P. Hubbell, and R. B. Foster. 2001. Habitat associations of trees and shrubs in a 50-ha Neotropical forest plot. J. Ecol. 89:947-959.
39. Hoorn, C. 1993. Marine incursions and the influence of Andean tectonics on the miocene depositional history of northwestern Amazonia: results of a palynostratigraphic study. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 105:267-309.
40. _. 1994. An environmental reconstruction of the palaeo-Amazon river system (Middle-Late Miocene, NW Amazonia). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 112:187-238.
41. Hubbell, S. P., R. B. Foster, S. T. O'Brien, K. E. Harms, R. Condit, B. Weschler, S. J. Wright, and S. Loo de Lao. 1999. Light gap disturbances, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a Neotropical forest. Science 283:554-557.
42. Huber, O. 1995. Geographical and physical features. Pp. 1-61 in P. E. Berry, B. K. Holst, and K. Yatskievych, eds. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Vol 1. Missouri Botanical Garden and Timber Press, St. Louis and Portland, OR.
43. Huelsenbeck, J., and F. R. Ronquist. 2001. MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17:745-755.
44. Huelsenbeck, J., R. Nielsen, and I. Bollbacker. 2003. Stochastic mapping of morphological characters. Syst. Biol. 52:131-158.
45. Huston, M. 1994. Biological diversity: the coexistence of species on changing landscapes. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.
46. Isler, M., J. Alvarez, P. Isler, and B. Whitney. 2001. A review of the Percnostola rufifrons complex (Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) with description of a new species from northern Amazonian Peru. Wilson Bull. 113:164-176.
47. Levin, D. A. 2004. Ecological speciation: crossing the divide. Syst. Bot. 29:807-816.
48. Maddison, D. R., and W. P. Maddison. 2001. MacClade 4: analysis of phylogeny and character evolution. Ver. 4.05. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
49. Marks, B. D., S. J. Hackett, and A. P. Capparella. 2002. Historical relationships among Neotropical lowland forest areas of endemism as determined by mitochondrial DNA sequence variation within the wedge-billed woodcreeper (Aves: Dendrocolaptidate: Glyphorynchus spirurus). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 24:153-167.
50. Medina, E., and E. Cuevas. 1989. Patterns of nutrient accumulation and release in Amazonian forests of the upper Rio Negro basin. Pp. 217-240 in J. Proctor, ed. Mineral nutrients in tropical forest and savanna ecosystems. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, U.K.
51. Moritz, C., J. Patton, C. Schneider, and T. B. Smith. 2000. Diversification of rainforest faunas: an integrated molecular approach. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 31:533-563.
52. Nielsen, R. 2002. Mapping mutations on phylogenies. Syst. Biol. 51:729-739.
53. Nylander, J. A. A. 2004. MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
54. Orr, M. R., and T. B. Smith. 1998. Ecology and speciation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13:502-506.
55. Patterson, T. B., and T. J. Givnish. 2004. Geographic cohesion, chromosomal evolution, parallel adaptive radiations, and consequent floral adaptations in Calochortus (Calochortaceae): evidence from a cpDNA phylogeny. New Phytol. 161:253-264.
56. Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, M. C. Lara, and M. A. Mustrangi. 1997. Diversity, differentiation, and the historical biogeography of non-volant small mammals of the Neotropical forests. Pp. 455-465 in W. Laurance and R. Bierregaard, eds. Tropical forest remnants: ecology, management and conservation of fragmented communities. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
57. Pepper, A. E., and L. E. Norwood. 2001. Evolution of Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae (Brassicaceae), a rare serpentine endemic plant: a molecular phylogenetic perspective. Am. J. Bot. 88:1479-1489.
58. Pitman, N. C. A. 2000. A large-scale inventory of two Amazonian tree communities. Ph.D. diss. Duke University, Durham, NC.
59. Pitman, N. C. A., J. W. Terborgh, M. R. Silman, P. Nuñez, D. A. Neill, C. E. Ceron, W. A. Palacios, and M. Aulestia. 2001. Dominance and distribution of tree species in upper Amazonian terra firme forests. Ecology 82:2101-2117.
60. Plotkin, J. B., M. D. Potts, N. Leslie, N. Manokaran, J. LaFrankie, and P. S. Ashton. 2000. Species-area curves, spatial aggregation and habitat specialization in tropical forests. J. Theor. Biol. 207:81-99.
61. Potts, M. D., P. S. Ashton, L. S. Kaufman, and J. B. Plotkin. 2002. Habitat patterns in tropical rain forests: a comparison of 105 plots in northwest Borneo. Ecology 83:2782-2797.
62. Posada, D., and K. Crandall. 1998. MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817-818.
63. Pyke, C., R. Condit, S. Aguilar, and A. Hernandez. 2001. Floristic composition across a climatic gradient in a neotropical lowland forest. J. Veg. Sci. 12:533-566.
64. Rajakaruna, N., B. G. Baldwin, R. Chan, A. M. Desrochers, B. A. Bohm, and J. Whitton. 2003. Edaphic races and phylogenetic taxa in the Lasthenia californica complex (Asteraceae: Heliantheae): an hypothesis of parallel evolution. Mol. Ecol. 12:1675-1679.
65. Räsänen, M. E., J. Salo, and R. J. Kalliola. 1987. Fluvial perturbance in the western Amazon basin: regulation by long-term sub-Andean tectonics. Science 238:1398-1401.
66. Reed, D. L., K. E. Carpenter, and M. J. deGravelle. 2002. Molecular systematics of the jacks (Perciformes: Carangidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences using parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 23:513-524.
67. Ribeiro, J., M. Hopkins, A. Vicentini, C. Sothers, M. Costa, J. Brito, M. Souza, L. Martins, L. Lohmann, P. Assumção, E. Pereira, C. Silva, M. Mesquita, and L. Procópio. 1999. Flora da Reserva Ducke: guia de indentificaçâo das plantas vasculares de uma floresta de terra-firme na Amazônia Central. INPA-DFID, Manaus, Brazil.
68. Richardson, J. E., R. T. Pennington, T. D. Pennington, and P. M. Hollingsworth. 2001. Rapid diversification of a species-rich genus of Neotropical rain forest trees. Science 293:2242-2245.
69. Ricklefs, R. E., and D. Schluter. 1993. Species diversity: regional and historical influences. Pp. 350-359 in R. E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter, eds. Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
70. Ruokolainen, K., and H. Tuomisto. 1998. Vegetacion natural de la zona de Iquitos. Pp. 253-365 in R. Kalliola and S. Flores, eds. Geoecologia y desarrollo Amazonico: estudio integrado en la zona de Iquitos, Peru. Univ. of Turku Press, Turku, Finland.
71. Ruokolainen, K., A. Linna, and H. Tuomisto. 1997. Use of Melastomataceae and pteridophytes for revealing phytogeographical patterns in Amazonian rain forests. J. Trop. Ecol. 13:243-256.
72. Schluter, D. 2000. The ecology of adaptive radiation. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K.
73. _. 2001. Ecology and the origin of species. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16:330-343.
74. Schulman, L. 2003. Taxonomy, chorology, speciation, and conservation in a heterogeneous Amazonia: case-studies in the flowering-plant family Melastomataceae. Ph.D. diss., University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
75. Silva, J. M. C., and D. C. Oren. 1996. Application of the parsimony analysis of endemicity in Amazonian biogeography: an example with primates. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 59:427-437.
76. Struwe, L., P. Maas, and V. Albert. 1997. Aripuana cullmaniorum, a new genus and species of Gentianaceae from white sands of southeastern Amazonas, Brazil. Harvard Pap. Bot. 2:235-253.
77. Swaine, M. D. 1996. Rainfall and soil fertility as factors limiting forest species distributions in Ghana. J. Ecol. 84:419-428.
78. Swofford, D. L. 2002. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods). Ver. 4.10b for Macintosh. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
79. ter Steege, H., R. Lilwah, R. Ek, T. van Andel, P. van der Hout, R. Thomas, J. van Essen, and I. Ramdass. 2000a. Diversity at different scales: comparison of large-scale forest inventories and smaller plots. Pp. 117-130 in H. ter Steege, ed. Plant diversity in Guyana, with recommendations for a national protected area strategy. Tropenbos, Wageningen, Netherlands.
80. ter Steege, H., D. Sabatier, H. Castellanos, T. van Andel, J. Duivenvoorden, A. A. Oliveira, R. Ek, R. Lilwah, P. Maas, and S. Mori. 2000b. An analysis of the floristic composition and diversity of Amazonian forests including those of the Guiana shield. J. Trop. Ecol. 16:801-828.
81. Tuomisto, H., and K. Ruokolainen. 1994. Distribution of Pteridophyta and Melastomataceae along an edaphic gradient in an Amazonian rain forest. J. Veg. Sci. 5:25-34.
82. Tuomisto, H., K. Ruokolainen, R. Kalliola, A. Linna, W. Danjoy, and Z. Rodriguez. 1995. Dissecting Amazonian biodiversity. Science 269:63-66.
83. Tuomisto, H., A. D. Poulsen, and R. C. Moran. 1998. Edaphic distribution of some species of the fern genus Adlantum in Western Amazonia. Biotropica 30:392-399.
84. Tuomisto, H., K. Ruokolainen, and M. Yli-Halla. 2003. Dispersal, environment, and floristic variation of Western Amazonian forests. Science 299:241-244.
85. van der Hammen, T., and H. Hooghiemstra. 2000. Neogene and Quaternary history of vegetation, climate, and plant diversity in Amazonia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 19:725-742.
86. van der Werff, H. 1992. Substrate preferences of Lauraceae and ferns in the Iquitos area, Peru. Candollea 47:11-20.
87. Vanzolini, P. E., and E. E. Williams. 1981. The vanishing refuge: a mechanism for eco-geographic speciation. Pap. Avulsos. Zool. 34:251-255.
88. Vásquez, M. R. 1997. Florula de las reservas biologicas de Iquitos, Peru. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO.
89. Webb, C. O., and D. R. Peart. 2000. Habitat associations of trees and seedlings in a Bornean rain forest. J. Ecol. 88:464-478.
90. Webb, C. O., D. D. Ackerly, M. A. McPeek, and M. J. Donoghue. 2002. Phylogenies and community ecology. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 33:475-505.
91. Weeks, A. 2003. The molecular systematics and biogeography of the Burseraceae. Ph.D. diss., University of Texas, Austin, TX.
92. Weeks, A., D. C. Daly, and B. B. Simpson. 2005. The phylogenetic history and biogeography of the frankincense and myrrh family (Burseraceae) based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 35:85-101.
93. Whitney, B., and J. Alvarez. 1998. A new Herpsilochmus antwren (Aves: Thamnophilidae) from Northern Amazonian Peru and adjacent Ecuador: the role of edaphic heterogeneity of terra firme forest. Auk 115:559-576.
94. Wiens, J. J. 2004. Speciation and ecology revisited: phylogenetic niche conservatism and the origin of species. Evolution 58:193-197.
95. Wiens, J. J., and M. J. Donoghue. 2004. Historical biogeography, ecology and species richness. Trends Ecol. Evol. 19:639-644.
96. Wilcox, T. P., D. J. Zwickl, T. A. Heath, and D. M. Hillis. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of the Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 25:361-371.
97. Young, K. R., and B. León. 1989. Pteridophyte species diversity in the central Peruvian Amazon: importance of edaphic specialization. Brittonia 41:388-395.
98. Zar, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical analysis. 4th ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.