The differential impact of risk factors on illicit drug involvement in females

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Volumn 40, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 454-466

  Agrawal, Arpana ^a,b   Gardner, Charles O ^a   Prescott, Carol A ^a   Kendler, Kenneth S ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Abuse dependence; Continuation ratio; Illicit drugs; Risk factors; Use

Indexed keywords

3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; CANNABIS; COCAINE; DIAZEPAM; ILLICIT DRUG; LYSERGIDE; MESCALINE; METHAQUALONE; METHYLPHENIDATE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; SECOBARBITAL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ASSOCIATION; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DIVORCE; DRUG DEPENDENCE; DRUG USE; EXTRAVERSION; FEMALE; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; HUMAN; INCOME; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; NEUROSIS; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; QUESTIONNAIRE; RELIGION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEXUAL ABUSE; TWINS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; DISEASES IN TWINS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; STATISTICS; STREET DRUGS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; VIRGINIA;

EID: 22344434699     PISSN: 09337954     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00127-005-0907-0     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. Armstrong TD, Costello EJ (2002) Community studies on adolescent substance use, abuse, or dependence and psychiatric comorbidity. J Consult Clin Psychol 70 1224-1239 12472299
2. Bifulco A, Brown GW, Adler Z (1991) Early sexual abuse and clinical depression in adult life. Br J Psychiatry 159:115-122 1888957
3. Bobes J, Saiz PA, Gonzalez MP, Bascaran MT, Bousono M, Ricaurte GA, McCann UD (2002) Use of MDMA and other illicit drugs by young adult males in northern Spain. A five-year study. Eur Addict Res 8:147-154 12065965
4. Bushnell JA, Wells JE, Oakley-Browne MA (1992) Long-term effects of intrafamilial sexual abuse in childhood. Acta Psychiatr Scand 85:136-142 1543039
5. Clark WB, Midanik L (1982) Alcohol use and alcohol problems among US adults: Results from the 1979 National Survey. In: Alcohol Consumption and Related Problems.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (editor). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, pp 3-52
6. Cloninger CR (1987) A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. A proposal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:573-588 3579504
7. Conrod PJ, Pihl RO, Stewart SH, Dongier M (2000) Validation of a system of classifying female substance abusers on the basis of personality and motivational risk factors for substance abuse. Psychol Addict Behav 14:243-256 10998950
8. Davis DR, DiNitto DM (1996) Gender differences in social and psychological problems of substance abusers: A comparison to nonsubstance abusers. J Psychoactive Drugs 28:135-145 8811582
9. Davis MH (1980) A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology 10:85
10. de Geus EJ, Posthuma D, Ijzerman RG, Boomsma DI (2001) Comparing blood pressure of twins and their singleton siblings: Being a twin does not affect adult blood pressure. Twin Res 4:385-391 11869493
11. Degenhardt L, Hall W, Lynskey M (2001) Alcohol, cannabis and tobacco use among Australians: A comparison of their associations with other drug use and use disorders, affective and anxiety disorders, and psychosis. Addiction 96:1603-1614 11784457
12. Dohrenwend BP (2000) The role of adversity and stress in psychopathology: Some evidence and its implications for theory and research. J Health Soc Behav 41:1-19 10750319
13. Dos Santos DM, Berridge DM (2000) A continuation ratio random effects model for repeated ordinal responses. Stat Med 19:3377-3388 11122502
14. Dughiero G, Schifano F, Forza G (2001) Personality dimensions and psychopathological profiles of Ecstasy users. Hum Psychopharmacol 16:635-639 12404544
15. Eisenman R, Grossman JC, Goldstein R (1980) Undergraduate marijuana use as related to internal sensation novelty seeking and openness to experience. J Clin Psychol 36:1013-1019 7440728
16. Eysenck SBJ, Eysenck HJ, Barrett P (1985) A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Pers and Indiv Differences 6:21-29
17. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Lynskey MT (1996) Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood: II. Psychiatric outcomes of childhood sexual abuse. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35(10):1365-1374 8885591
18. Flory K, Lynam DR (2003) The relation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance abuse: What role does conduct disorder play? Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 6:1-16 12659448
19. Freeman RC, Collier K, Parillo KM (2002) Early life sexual abuse as a risk factor for crack cocaine use in a sample of community-recruited women at high risk for illicit drug use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 28:109-131 11853128
20. Fu H, Goldman N (2000) The association between health-related behaviours and the risk of divorce in the USA. J Biosoc Sci 32:63-88 10676060
21. Gerra G, Angioni L, Zaimovic A, Moi G, Bussandri M, Bertacca S, Santoro G, Gardini S, Caccavari R, Nicoli MA (2004) Substance use among high-school students: Relationships with temperament, personality traits, and parental care perception. Subst Use Misuse 39:345-367 15061565
22. Gorsuch RL, Butler MC (1976b) Initial drug abuse: A review of predisposing social psychological factors. Psychol Bull 83:120-137
23. Gorsuch RL, Butler MC (1976a) Initial drug abuse: A review of predisposing social psychological factors. Psychol Bull 83:120-137
24. Gossop M (1976) Drug dependence and self-esteem. Int J Addict 11:741-753 1017907
25. Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY (1992) Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 112:64-105 1529040
26. Heagerty PJ, Zeger SL (2000) Multivariate continuation ratio models: connections and caveats. Biometrics 56:719-732 10985208
27. Hirschfeld RM, Klerman GL, Gough HG, Barrett J, Korchin SJ, Chodoff P (1977) A measure of interpersonal dependency. J Pers Assess 41:610-618 592089
28. Horwitz AV, White HR, Howell-White S (1996) The use of multiple outcomes in stress research: A case study of gender differences in responses to marital dissolution. J Health Soc Behav 37:278-291 8898498
29. Jessor R, Jessor SL (1977) Problem Behavior and Psychosocial Development: A Longitudinal Study. New York: New York Academic Press
30. Johnson JG, Cohen P, Dohrenwend BP, Link BG, Brook JS (1999) A longitudinal investigation of social causation and social selection processes involved in the association between socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders. J Abnorm Psychol 108:490-499 10466273
31. Jumper SA (1995) A meta-analysis of the relationship of child sexual abuse to adult psychological adjustment. Child Abuse Negl 19:715-728 7552840
32. Kandel DB, Johnson JG, Bird HR, Canino G, Goodman SH, Lahey BB, Regier DA, Schwab-Stone M (1997) Psychiatric disorders associated with substance use among children and adolescents: Findings from the Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders (MECA) Study. J Abnorm Child Psychol 25:121-132 9109029
33. Kandel DB, Johnson JG, Bird HR, Weissman MM, Goodman SH, Lahey BB, Regier DA, Schwab-Stone ME (1999) Psychiatric comorbidity among adolescents with substance use disorders: Findings from the MECA Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38:693-699 10361787
34. Kendler KS, Bulik CM, Silberg J, Hettema JM, Myers J, Prescott CA (2000) Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: An epidemiological and cotwin control analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:953-959 11015813
35. Kendler KS, Davis CG, Kessler RC (1997) The familial aggregation of common psychiatric and substance use disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey: A family history study. Br J Psychiatry 170:541-548 9330021
36. Kendler KS, Gardner CO Jr (1998) Twin studies of adult psychiatric and substance dependence disorders: Are they biased by differences in the environmental experiences of monozygotic and dizygotic twins in childhood and adolescence? Psychol Med 28:625-633 9626718
37. Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA (1997) Religion, psychopathology, and substance use and abuse; a multimeasure, genetic-epidemiologic study. Am J Psychiatry 154:322-329 9054778
38. Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA (1999) Clarifying the relationship between religiosity and psychiatric illness: The impact of covariates and the specificity of buffering effects. Twin Res 2:137-144 10480748
39. Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA (2002) Toward a comprehensive developmental model for major depression in women. Am J Psychiatry 159:1133-1145 12091191
40. Kendler KS, Jacobson KC, Prescott CA, Neale MC (2003) Specificity of genetic and environmental risk factors for use and abuse/dependence of cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, sedatives, stimulants, and opiates in male twins. Am J Psychiatry 160:687-695 12668357
41. Kendler KS, Karkowski LM, Neale MC, Prescott CA (2000) Illicit psychoactive substance use,heavy use,abuse, and dependence in a US population-based sample of male twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:261-269 10711912
42. Kendler KS, Liu XQ, Gardner CO, McCullough ME, Larson D, Prescott CA (2003) Dimensions of religiosity and their relationship to lifetime psychiatric and substance use disorders. Am J Psychiatry 160:496-503 12611831
43. Kendler KS, Martin NG, Heath AC, Eaves LJ (1995) Self-report psychiatric symptoms in twins and their nontwin relatives: Are twins different? Am J Med Genet 60:588-591 8825903
44. Kendler KS, Prescott CA (1999) A population-based twin study of lifetime major depression in men and women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56:39-44 9892254
45. Kraemer HC, Kazdin AE, Offord DR, Kessler RC, Jensen PS, Kupfer DJ (1997) Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54:337-343 9107150
46. Kraemer HC, Stice E, Kazdin A, Offord D, Kupfer D (2001) How do risk factors work together? Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Am J Psychiatry 158:848-856 11384888
47. Krause N, Van Tran T (1989) Stress and religious involvement among older blacks. J Gerontol 44 S4-S13 2911002
48. Laviola G, Adriani W, Terranova ML, Gerra G (1999) Psychobiological risk factors for vulnerability to psychostimulants in human adolescents and animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 23:993-1010 10580313
49. Liang KY, Zeger SL (1986) Longitudinal Data Analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 73:13-22
50. Luthar SS, Anton SF, Merikangas KR, Rounsaville BJ (1992) Vulnerability to substance abuse and psychopathology among siblings of opioid abusers. J Nerv Ment Dis 180:153-161 1588332
51. Lye DN, Waldron I (1998) Relationships of substance use to attitudes toward gender roles, family and cohabitation. J Subst Abuse 10:185-198 9854703
52. Lynskey MT, Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ (1998) The origins of the correlations between tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use during adolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 39:995-1005 9804032
53. MacLean CJ (1988) Assessing changes in risk factor effect over multiple levels of severity. Am J Epidemiol 127:663-673 3124606
54. MacMillan HL, Fleming JE, Trocme N, Boyle MH, Wong M, Racine YA, Beardslee WR, Offord DR (1997) Prevalence of child physical and sexual abuse in the community. Results from the Ontario Health Supplement. JAMA 278:131-135 9214528
55. Maddi SR, Kobasa SC, Hovver M (1979) An alienation test. J Humanistic Psychol 19:73-76
56. Martin J, Anderson J, Romans S, Mullen P, O'Shea M (1993) Asking about child sexual abuse: Methodological implications of a two stage survey. Child Abuse Negl 17:383-392 8330225
57. Maton KI (1989) The stress-buffering role of spiritual support. J Sci Stud Relig 28:310-323
58. Merikangas KR, Avenevoli S (2000) Implications of genetic epidemiology for the prevention of substance use disorders. Addict Behav 25:807-820 11125772
59. Merikangas KR, Mehta RL, Molnar BE, Walters EE, Swendsen JD, Aguilar-Gaziola S, Bijl R, Borges G, Caraveo-Anduaga JJ, DeWit DJ, Kolody B, Vega WA, Wittchen HU, Kessler RC (1998) Comorbidity of substance use disorders with mood and anxiety disorders: Results of the International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology. Addict Behav 23:893-907 9801724
60. Miller L, Davies M, Greenwald S (2000) Religiosity and substance use and abuse among adolescents in the National Comorbidity Survey. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 1190-1197 10986817
61. Moilanen I, Linna SL, Ebeling H, Kumpulainen K, Tamminen T, Piha J, Almqvist F (1999) Are twins' behavioural/emotional problems different from singletons'? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 8(Suppl 4):62-67 10654135
62. Nelson EC, Heath AC, Madden PA, Cooper ML, Dinwiddie SH, Bucholz KK, Glowinski A, McLaughlin T, Dunne MP, Statham DJ, Martin NG (2002) Association between self-reported childhood sexual abuse and adverse psychosocial outcomes: Results from a twin study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:139-145 11825135
63. Neumann DA, Houskamp BM, Pollack VE, Briere J (1996) The long term sequelae of childhood sexual abuse in women. Child Maltreatment 1:6-16
64. Parker G (1990) The Parental Bonding Instrument. A decade of research. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 25:281-282 2291129
65. Peterson C, Semmel A, von Vaeyer C, Abramson LY, Metalsky GI, Seligman MEP (1982) The attributional style questionnaire. Cog Therapy Res 6:287-299
66. Power C, Manor O, Matthews S (1999) The duration and timing of exposure: effects of socioeconomic environment on adult health. Am J Public Health 89:1059-1065 10394316
67. Pressman P, Lyons JS, Larson DB, Strain JJ (1990) Religious belief, depression, and ambulation status in elderly women with broken hips. Am J Psychiatry 147:758-760
68. Pulkkinen L, Pitkanen T (1994) A prospective study of the precursors to problem drinking in young adulthood. J Stud Alcohol 55:578-587 7990468
69. Rachal JV, Hubbard RL, Williams JR, Tuchfeld BS (1976) Drinking levels and problem drinking among junior and senior highschool students. J Stud Alcohol 37:1751-1761 794593
70. Raghunathan TE, Solenberger PW, Van Hoewyk J (1999) IVE-ware: Imputation and Variance Estimation Software. Ann Arbor, MI: Survey Methodology Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan
71. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, Goodwin FK (1990) Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 264:2511-2518 1:STN:280:By6D3sbntFw%3D
72. Rind B, Tromovitch P, Bauserman R (1998) A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples. Psychol Bull 124:22-53 9670820
73. Robins LN, Helzer JE (1985) Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), Version III-A. St. Louis, MO: Washington University School of Medicine
74. Rosenberg M (1965) Society and Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
75. Rounsaville BJ, Kosten TR, Weissman MM, Prusoff B, Pauls D, Anton SF, Merikangas K (1991) Psychiatric disorders in relatives of probands with opiate addiction. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48:33-42 1984760
76. Rutter M, Redshaw J (1991) Annotation: Growing up as a twin: twin-singleton differences in psychological development. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 32:885-895 1744192
77. SAS Institute (1999) SAS User Guide, Version 8.2. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc
78. Scheier MF, Carver CS (1985) Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychol 4:219-247 4029106
79. Schnurr PP, Lunney CA, Sengupta A (2004) Risk factors for the development versus maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress 17:85-95 15141781
80. Schwarz JC, Wheeler DS (1992) Dependency conflict, marital threat, and alcohol consumption in a middle-aged sample. J Genet Psychol 153:249-267 1402832
81. Siewert EA, Stallings MC, Hewitt JK (2003) Genetic and environmental analysis of behavioral risk factors for adolescent drug use in a community twin sample. Twin Res 6:490-496 14965459
82. Silberg J, Meyer J, Pickles A, Simonoff E, Eaves L, Hewitt J, Maes H, Rutter M (1996) Heterogeneity among juvenile antisocial behaviours: findings from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioural Development. Ciba Found Symp 194:76-86 8862871
83. Silberg J, Rutter M, D'Onofrio B, Eaves L (2003) Genetic and environmental risk factors in adolescent substance use. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 44:664-676 12831111
84. Simpson TL, Miller WR (2002) Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems. A review. Clin Psychol Rev 22:27-77 11793578
85. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon J (1987) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R: Patient Version (SCID-P). New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute
86. Spotts JV, Shontz FC (1984) Drugs and personality: extraversion-introversion. J Clin Psychol 40:624-628 6725590
87. Spotts JV, Shontz FC (1991) Drugs and personality: Comparison of drug users, nonusers, and other clinical groups on the 16PF. Int J Addict 26:1019-1054 1743809
88. Teusch R (2001) Substance abuse as a symptom of childhood sexual abuse. Psychiatr Serv 52:1530-1532 11684754
89. Tsuang MT, Bar JL, Harley RM, Lyons MJ (2001) The Harvard Twin Study of Substance Abuse: What we have learned. Harv Rev Psychiatry 9:267-279 11600486
90. Williams DR, Larson DB, Buckler RE, Heckmann RC, Pyle CM (1991) Religion and psychological distress in a community sample. Soc Sci Med 32:1257-1262 2068608
91. Wills TA, Gibbons FX, Gerrard M, Murry VM, Brody GH (2003) Family communication and religiosity related to substance use and sexual behavior in early adolescence: A test for pathways through self-control and prototype perceptions. Psychol Addict Behav 17:312-323 14640827
92. Wills TA, Yaeger AM, Sandy JM (2003) Buffering effect of religiosity for adolescent substance use. Psychol Addict Behav 17:24-31 12665078
93. Windle M, Barnes GM, Welte J (1989) Causal models of adolescent substance use: An examination of gender differences using distribution-free estimators. J Pers Soc Psychol 56:132-142 2926614
94. Zuckerman, M (1983) Sensation seeking: The initial motive for drug use.Springfield IL,Charles C Thomas. In: Gottheil EH, Druley KA, Skolada TE, Waxman HM (eds) Etiological aspects of alcohol and drug abuse, pp 202-220
95. Zuckerman M (1987a) Biological connection between sensation seeking and drug abuse. In: Engle J, Oreland L, Ingvar DH, Pernow B, Rossner S, Pellborn LA (eds) Brain reward systems and abuse.New York: Raven Press
96. Zuckerman M (1987b) Is sensation seeking a predisposing trait for alcoholism. In: Gottheil EH, Druley KA, Pashkey S, Weinstein SP (eds) Stress and Addiction. New York: Bruner/Mazel