메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 276, Issue 5320, 1997, Pages 1874-1878

Identification of a chemokine receptor encoded by human cytomegalovirus as a cofactor for HIV-1 entry

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR;

EID: 1842287973     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5320.1874     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (287)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 0000476294 scopus 로고
    • J. Bentz, Ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • J. P. Moore, B. A. Jameson, R. A. Weiss, Q. J. Sattentau, in Viral Fusion Mechanisms, J. Bentz, Ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993), pp. 233-289; P. Bates, Cell 86, 1 (1996); M. P. D'Souza and V. A. Harden, Nature Med. 2, 1293 (1996); C. C. Broder and D. S. Dimitrov, Pathobiology 64, 171 (1996).
    • (1993) Viral Fusion Mechanisms , pp. 233-289
    • Moore, J.P.1    Jameson, B.A.2    Weiss, R.A.3    Sattentau, Q.J.4
  • 2
    • 0030581183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. P. Moore, B. A. Jameson, R. A. Weiss, Q. J. Sattentau, in Viral Fusion Mechanisms, J. Bentz, Ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993), pp. 233-289; P. Bates, Cell 86, 1 (1996); M. P. D'Souza and V. A. Harden, Nature Med. 2, 1293 (1996); C. C. Broder and D. S. Dimitrov, Pathobiology 64, 171 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.86 , pp. 1
    • Bates, P.1
  • 3
    • 0029802605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. P. Moore, B. A. Jameson, R. A. Weiss, Q. J. Sattentau, in Viral Fusion Mechanisms, J. Bentz, Ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993), pp. 233-289; P. Bates, Cell 86, 1 (1996); M. P. D'Souza and V. A. Harden, Nature Med. 2, 1293 (1996); C. C. Broder and D. S. Dimitrov, Pathobiology 64, 171 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature Med. , vol.2 , pp. 1293
    • D'Souza, M.P.1    Harden, V.A.2
  • 4
    • 0030451267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. P. Moore, B. A. Jameson, R. A. Weiss, Q. J. Sattentau, in Viral Fusion Mechanisms, J. Bentz, Ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993), pp. 233-289; P. Bates, Cell 86, 1 (1996); M. P. D'Souza and V. A. Harden, Nature Med. 2, 1293 (1996); C. C. Broder and D. S. Dimitrov, Pathobiology 64, 171 (1996).
    • (1996) Pathobiology , vol.64 , pp. 171
    • Broder, C.C.1    Dimitrov, D.S.2
  • 6
    • 0029775576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C. C. Bleul et al., Nature 382, 829 (1996); E. Oberlin et al., ibid., p. 833.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 829
    • Bleul, C.C.1
  • 7
    • 0029775576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C. C. Bleul et al., Nature 382, 829 (1996); E. Oberlin et al., ibid., p. 833.
    • Nature , pp. 833
    • Oberlin, E.1
  • 8
    • 0029417004 scopus 로고
    • F. Cocchi et al., Science 270, 1811 (1995).
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1811
    • Cocchi, F.1
  • 9
    • 15844419153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H. Deng et al., Nature 381, 661 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 661
    • Deng, H.1
  • 10
    • 84925693773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Dragic et al., ibid., p. 667; G. Alkhatib et al., Science 272, 1955 (1996); L. Wu et al., Nature 384, 179 (1996); A. Trkola et al., ibid., p. 184.
    • Nature , pp. 667
    • Dragic, T.1
  • 11
    • 0030018156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Dragic et al., ibid., p. 667; G. Alkhatib et al., Science 272, 1955 (1996); L. Wu et al., Nature 384, 179 (1996); A. Trkola et al., ibid., p. 184.
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 1955
    • Alkhatib, G.1
  • 12
    • 16144365650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Dragic et al., ibid., p. 667; G. Alkhatib et al., Science 272, 1955 (1996); L. Wu et al., Nature 384, 179 (1996); A. Trkola et al., ibid., p. 184.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.384 , pp. 179
    • Wu, L.1
  • 13
    • 84925694456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Dragic et al., ibid., p. 667; G. Alkhatib et al., Science 272, 1955 (1996); L. Wu et al., Nature 384, 179 (1996); A. Trkola et al., ibid., p. 184.
    • Nature , pp. 184
    • Trkola, A.1
  • 14
    • 0005014748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H. Choe et al., Cell 85, 1135 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.85 , pp. 1135
    • Choe, H.1
  • 17
    • 10344266976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L. Zhang, Y. Huang, T. He, Y. Cao, D. D. Ho, Nature 383, 768 (1996); G. Simmons et al., J. Virol. 70, 8355 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 8355
    • Simmons, G.1
  • 18
    • 19244380883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. He et al., Nature 385, 645 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 645
    • He, J.1
  • 19
    • 15844388931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. Liu et al., Cell 86, 367 (1996); M. Samson et al., Nature 382, 722 (1996); M. Dean et al., Science 273, 1856 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.86 , pp. 367
    • Liu, R.1
  • 20
    • 16044373004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. Liu et al., Cell 86, 367 (1996); M. Samson et al., Nature 382, 722 (1996); M. Dean et al., Science 273, 1856 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 722
    • Samson, M.1
  • 21
    • 0001633495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. Liu et al., Cell 86, 367 (1996); M. Samson et al., Nature 382, 722 (1996); M. Dean et al., Science 273, 1856 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1856
    • Dean, M.1
  • 23
    • 16144365390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. J. Endres et al., Cell 87, 745 (1996); Z. Chen, P. Zhou, D. D. Ho, N. R. Landau, P. A. Marx, J. Virol. 71, 2705 (1997); O. Pleskoff et al., unpublished results.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 745
    • Endres, M.J.1
  • 25
    • 16144365390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • unpublished results
    • M. J. Endres et al., Cell 87, 745 (1996); Z. Chen, P. Zhou, D. D. Ho, N. R. Landau, P. A. Marx, J. Virol. 71, 2705 (1997); O. Pleskoff et al., unpublished results.
    • Pleskoff, O.1
  • 26
    • 0027372763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. K. Ahuja and P. M. Murphy, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20691 (1993); J. Nicholas, J. Virol. 70, 5975 (1996); W. D. Rawlinson, H. E. Farrell, B. G. Barrel, ibid., p. 8833; L. Arvanitakis, E. Geras-Raaka, A. Varma, M. C. Gershengorn, E. Cesarman, Nature 385, 347 (1997).
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 20691
    • Ahuja, S.K.1    Murphy, P.M.2
  • 27
    • 0029793255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. K. Ahuja and P. M. Murphy, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20691 (1993); J. Nicholas, J. Virol. 70, 5975 (1996); W. D. Rawlinson, H. E. Farrell, B. G. Barrel, ibid., p. 8833; L. Arvanitakis, E. Geras-Raaka, A. Varma, M. C. Gershengorn, E. Cesarman, Nature 385, 347 (1997).
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 5975
    • Nicholas, J.1
  • 28
    • 0027372763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. K. Ahuja and P. M. Murphy, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20691 (1993); J. Nicholas, J. Virol. 70, 5975 (1996); W. D. Rawlinson, H. E. Farrell, B. G. Barrel, ibid., p. 8833; L. Arvanitakis, E. Geras-Raaka, A. Varma, M. C. Gershengorn, E. Cesarman, Nature 385, 347 (1997).
    • J. Virol. , pp. 8833
    • Rawlinson, W.D.1    Farrell, H.E.2    Barrel, B.G.3
  • 29
    • 0031032769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. K. Ahuja and P. M. Murphy, J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20691 (1993); J. Nicholas, J. Virol. 70, 5975 (1996); W. D. Rawlinson, H. E. Farrell, B. G. Barrel, ibid., p. 8833; L. Arvanitakis, E. Geras-Raaka, A. Varma, M. C. Gershengorn, E. Cesarman, Nature 385, 347 (1997).
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 347
    • Arvanitakis, L.1    Geras-Raaka, E.2    Varma, A.3    Gershengorn, M.C.4    Cesarman, E.5
  • 33
    • 0027946096 scopus 로고
    • K. Neote, D. DiGregorio, J. Y. Mak, R. Horuk, T. J. Schall, Cell 72, 415 (1993); J.-L. Gao and P. M. Murphy, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 28539 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.269 , pp. 28539
    • Gao, J.-L.1    Murphy, P.M.2
  • 35
    • 1842285494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • + cells, or for infection with HIV, as described (12).
  • 37
    • 0026356172 scopus 로고
    • P. Westervelt, H. E. Gendelman, L. Ratner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 3097 (1991). The env gene of LAI in the pMA243 vector was replaced with ADA env (20) with the use of common Kpn I and Ava I sites. The resulting vector was introduced into HeLa cells, and clones were selected with 2 μM methotrexate, as described (20).
    • (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.88 , pp. 3097
    • Westervelt, P.1    Gendelman, H.E.2    Ratner, L.3
  • 39
    • 0026597418 scopus 로고
    • LAI provirus [K. Peden, M. Emerman, L. Montagnier, Virology 185, 661 (1991)] in which the env gene had been replaced with ADA env. Proviruses were introduced into HeLa cells by calcium phosphate precipitation. Cell-free supernatants were harvested 2 to 3 days after transfection, and p24 antigen concentration was assayed.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 305
    • Cann, A.J.1
  • 40
    • 0026318224 scopus 로고
    • LAI provirus [K. Peden, M. Emerman, L. Montagnier, Virology 185, 661 (1991)] in which the env gene had been replaced with ADA env. Proviruses were introduced into HeLa cells by calcium phosphate precipitation. Cell-free supernatants were harvested 2 to 3 days after transfection, and p24 antigen concentration was assayed.
    • (1991) Virology , vol.185 , pp. 661
    • Peden, K.1    Emerman, M.2    Montagnier, L.3
  • 41
    • 0024437492 scopus 로고
    • LAI were produced from chronically infected CEM cells (12).
    • (1989) Gene , vol.81 , pp. 275
    • Spire, B.1
  • 43
    • 1842311257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • All chemokine receptors and homologs were expressed from the Rc/CMV vector. The US27 and UL33 ORFs were amplified by PCR from CMV-infected cells. Five independent clones were tested for each ORF.
  • 44
    • 0022340978 scopus 로고
    • G. I. Evan, G. K. Lewis, G. Ramsay, J. M. Bishop, Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 3610 (1985). A pCDNA3 vector (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) engineered to express the 16-amino acid sequence Met-Gly-Pro-Glu-Gln-Lys-Leu-Ile-Ser-Glu-Glu-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Gly, which contains the epitope recognized by the 9E10 monoclonal antibody to human c-MYC (pCDNA-tag), was further modifed by inserting the CXCR4, CCR5, or US28 coding sequences (excluding the initiation codon) downstream of the epitope sequence at a Bam HI site, either by blunt-end ligation with a filled-in Nco I site (CXCR4) or by creating a Bam HI site with PCR primers (US28 and CCR5).
    • (1985) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 3610
    • Evan, G.I.1    Lewis, G.K.2    Ramsay, G.3    Bishop, J.M.4
  • 45
    • 1842279655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • HeLa-P4 cells were cotransfected (6:1 ratio) with vectors encoding epitope-tagged receptors and EGFP-N1 (Clontech), which encodes the green fluorescent protein. Cells were detached with phosphate-buffered saline containing 1 mM EDTA 36 hours after transfection, and then stained with the 9E10 monoclonal antibody (4 μg/ml) (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany) and phycoerythrin-conjugated goat antibodies to mouse immunoglobulin G (16 μg/ ml) (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark). Fixed cells were analyzed for green and red fluorescence with an Epics Elite flow cytometer (Coultronics).
  • 46
    • 1842273735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • HeLa-P4 cells were cotransfected by calcium phosphate precipitation with a hygromycin-resistance vector (SV-hygro) and either Rc/CMV-CCR5 or Rc/CMV-US28 (1:20 ratio). Cell clones were selected in the presence of hygromycin B (150 μg/ml).
  • 47
    • 1842351582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We performed the experiments essentially as described (2). Simian COS cells or HeLa cells were cotransfected with Rc/CMV vectors containing the CXCR4, CCR5, or US28 ORFs (cloned downstream of the T7 promoter) and Rc/CMV-CD4, and were infected with vT7pol. Cocultures were then performed with HeLa-Env/ADA or HeLa-Env/LAI cells transiently transfected with a T7-lacZ construct.
  • 48
    • 0023948763 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1988) Transfusion , vol.28 , pp. 187
    • Jackson, J.B.1    Erice, A.2    Englund, J.A.3    Edson, J.R.4    Balfour, H.H.5
  • 49
    • 0023811741 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1988) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.133 , pp. 73
    • Wiley, C.A.1    Nelson, J.A.2
  • 50
    • 0024412580 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 63
    • Webster, A.1
  • 51
    • 0025098068 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1990) AIDS , vol.4 , pp. 1
    • Nelson, J.A.1    Ghazal, P.2    Wiley, C.A.3
  • 52
    • 0026552144 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1992) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.88 , pp. 6
    • Webster, A.1
  • 53
    • 0027456883 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1993) J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. , vol.6 , pp. 407
    • Leach, C.T.1
  • 54
    • 0028901856 scopus 로고
    • J. B. Jackson, A. Erice, J. A. Englund, J. R. Edson, H. H. Balfour, Transfusion 28, 187 (1988); C. A. Wiley and J. A. Nelson, Am. J. Pathol. 133, 73 (1988); A. Webster et al., Lancet ii, 63 (1989); J. A. Nelson, P. Ghazal, C. A. Wiley, AIDS 4, 1 (1990); A. Webster et al., Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 6 (1992); C. T. Leach et al., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 6, 407 (1993); C. A. Sabin et al., Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361 (1995).
    • (1995) Epidemiol. Infect. , vol.114 , pp. 361
    • Sabin, C.A.1
  • 55
    • 0025309277 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Becherer et al., Am. J. Hematol. 34, 204 (1990); C. S. Rabkin et al., J. Infect. Dis. 168, 1260 (1993).
    • (1990) Am. J. Hematol. , vol.34 , pp. 204
    • Becherer, P.R.1
  • 56
    • 0027489338 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Becherer et al., Am. J. Hematol. 34, 204 (1990); C. S. Rabkin et al., J. Infect. Dis. 168, 1260 (1993).
    • (1993) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.168 , pp. 1260
    • Rabkin, C.S.1
  • 57
    • 1842398132 scopus 로고
    • G. P. A. Rice, R. D. Schrier, M. B. A. Oldstone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 6134 (1984); R. D. Schrier, J. A. Nelson, M. B. A. Oldstone, Science 230, 1048 (1985); R. W. Braun and H. C. Reiser, J. Virol. 60, 29 (1986); C. E. Ibanez, R. Schrier, P. Ghazal, C. Wiley, J. A. Nelson, ibid. 65, 6581 (1991).
    • (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.81 , pp. 6134
    • Rice, G.P.A.1    Schrier, R.D.2    Oldstone, M.B.A.3
  • 58
    • 0022382497 scopus 로고
    • G. P. A. Rice, R. D. Schrier, M. B. A. Oldstone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 6134 (1984); R. D. Schrier, J. A. Nelson, M. B. A. Oldstone, Science 230, 1048 (1985); R. W. Braun and H. C. Reiser, J. Virol. 60, 29 (1986); C. E. Ibanez, R. Schrier, P. Ghazal, C. Wiley, J. A. Nelson, ibid. 65, 6581 (1991).
    • (1985) Science , vol.230 , pp. 1048
    • Schrier, R.D.1    Nelson, J.A.2    Oldstone, M.B.A.3
  • 59
    • 0022543771 scopus 로고
    • G. P. A. Rice, R. D. Schrier, M. B. A. Oldstone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 6134 (1984); R. D. Schrier, J. A. Nelson, M. B. A. Oldstone, Science 230, 1048 (1985); R. W. Braun and H. C. Reiser, J. Virol. 60, 29 (1986); C. E. Ibanez, R. Schrier, P. Ghazal, C. Wiley, J. A. Nelson, ibid. 65, 6581 (1991).
    • (1986) J. Virol. , vol.60 , pp. 29
    • Braun, R.W.1    Reiser, H.C.2
  • 60
    • 0025723994 scopus 로고
    • G. P. A. Rice, R. D. Schrier, M. B. A. Oldstone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81, 6134 (1984); R. D. Schrier, J. A. Nelson, M. B. A. Oldstone, Science 230, 1048 (1985); R. W. Braun and H. C. Reiser, J. Virol. 60, 29 (1986); C. E. Ibanez, R. Schrier, P. Ghazal, C. Wiley, J. A. Nelson, ibid. 65, 6581 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 6581
    • Ibanez, C.E.1    Schrier, R.2    Ghazal, P.3    Wiley, C.4    Nelson, J.A.5
  • 62
    • 0023795274 scopus 로고
    • J. A. Nelson, C. Reynolds-Kohler, M. B. A. Oldstone, C. A. Wiley, Virology 165, 286 (1988); C. Finkle, M. A. Tapper, K. K. Knox, D. R. Carrigan, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 735 (1991); P. R. Skolnik et al., Am. J. Ophthalmol. 107, 361 (1989).
    • (1988) Virology , vol.165 , pp. 286
    • Nelson, J.A.1    Reynolds-Kohler, C.2    Oldstone, M.B.A.3    Wiley, C.A.4
  • 64
    • 0024594825 scopus 로고
    • J. A. Nelson, C. Reynolds-Kohler, M. B. A. Oldstone, C. A. Wiley, Virology 165, 286 (1988); C. Finkle, M. A. Tapper, K. K. Knox, D. R. Carrigan, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 735 (1991); P. R. Skolnik et al., Am. J. Ophthalmol. 107, 361 (1989).
    • (1989) Am. J. Ophthalmol. , vol.107 , pp. 361
    • Skolnik, P.R.1
  • 65
    • 0023877436 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Skolnik, B. R. Kostoff, M. S. Hirsch, J. Infect. Dis. 157, 508 (1988); R. F. Rando, A. Srinivasan, J. Feingold, E. Gonczol, S. Plotkin, Virology 176, 87 (1990); W. Ho et al., J. Gen. Virol. 71, 97 (1990); W. Ho, L. Song, S. D. Douglas, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 1098 (1991); G. Hirka et al., J. Virol. 65, 2732 (1991).
    • (1988) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.157 , pp. 508
    • Skolnik, P.R.1    Kostoff, B.R.2    Hirsch, M.S.3
  • 66
    • 0025317331 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Skolnik, B. R. Kostoff, M. S. Hirsch, J. Infect. Dis. 157, 508 (1988); R. F. Rando, A. Srinivasan, J. Feingold, E. Gonczol, S. Plotkin, Virology 176, 87 (1990); W. Ho et al., J. Gen. Virol. 71, 97 (1990); W. Ho, L. Song, S. D. Douglas, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 1098 (1991); G. Hirka et al., J. Virol. 65, 2732 (1991).
    • (1990) Virology , vol.176 , pp. 87
    • Rando, R.F.1    Srinivasan, A.2    Feingold, J.3    Gonczol, E.4    Plotkin, S.5
  • 67
    • 0025020599 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Skolnik, B. R. Kostoff, M. S. Hirsch, J. Infect. Dis. 157, 508 (1988); R. F. Rando, A. Srinivasan, J. Feingold, E. Gonczol, S. Plotkin, Virology 176, 87 (1990); W. Ho et al., J. Gen. Virol. 71, 97 (1990); W. Ho, L. Song, S. D. Douglas, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 1098 (1991); G. Hirka et al., J. Virol. 65, 2732 (1991).
    • (1990) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.71 , pp. 97
    • Ho, W.1
  • 68
    • 0025840226 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Skolnik, B. R. Kostoff, M. S. Hirsch, J. Infect. Dis. 157, 508 (1988); R. F. Rando, A. Srinivasan, J. Feingold, E. Gonczol, S. Plotkin, Virology 176, 87 (1990); W. Ho et al., J. Gen. Virol. 71, 97 (1990); W. Ho, L. Song, S. D. Douglas, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 1098 (1991); G. Hirka et al., J. Virol. 65, 2732 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.4 , pp. 1098
    • Ho, W.1    Song, L.2    Douglas, S.D.3
  • 69
    • 0025834293 scopus 로고
    • P. R. Skolnik, B. R. Kostoff, M. S. Hirsch, J. Infect. Dis. 157, 508 (1988); R. F. Rando, A. Srinivasan, J. Feingold, E. Gonczol, S. Plotkin, Virology 176, 87 (1990); W. Ho et al., J. Gen. Virol. 71, 97 (1990); W. Ho, L. Song, S. D. Douglas, J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 1098 (1991); G. Hirka et al., J. Virol. 65, 2732 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 2732
    • Hirka, G.1
  • 71
    • 0028935428 scopus 로고
    • F. D. Toth et al., J. Virol. 69, 2223 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 2223
    • Toth, F.D.1
  • 73
    • 0027952806 scopus 로고
    • V. Koval, C. Clark, M. Vaishnav, S. A. Spector, D. H. Spector, ibid. 65, 6969 (1991); F. M. Jault, S. A. Spector, D. H. Spector, ibid. 68, 959 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Virol. , vol.68 , pp. 959
    • Jault, F.M.1    Spector, S.A.2    Spector, D.H.3
  • 74
    • 1842310317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank F. Letourneur and I. Bouchaert for assistance with DNA sequencing and flow cytometry; C. Nahmias for the c-MYC epitope vector; Y. Henin and Q. Sattentau for HIV-1 strains; and J. Richardson, S. Michelson, and J. J. Kupiec for comments on the manuscript. Supported by the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA and by fellowships to O.P. and N.H. from Ensemble contre le SIDA.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.