메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 161, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 831-839

The role of cognitive ability (intelligence) in explaining the association between socioeconomic position and health: Evidence from the Whitehall II prospective cohort study

Author keywords

Cognition; Cohort studies; Intelligence; Socioeconomic factors

Indexed keywords

COGNITION; HEALTH STATUS; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS;

EID: 17744388561     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwi109     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (99)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 0004049120 scopus 로고
    • London, United Kingdom: Department of Health and Social Security
    • Department of Health and Social Security. Inequalities in health: report of a working group. London, United Kingdom: Department of Health and Social Security, 1980.
    • (1980) Inequalities in Health: Report of a Working Group
  • 4
    • 0029298130 scopus 로고
    • Measuring social inequalities in health
    • Moss N, Krieger N. Measuring social inequalities in health. Public Health Rep 1995;110:302-5.
    • (1995) Public Health Rep , vol.110 , pp. 302-305
    • Moss, N.1    Krieger, N.2
  • 7
    • 0027275356 scopus 로고
    • High mortality in lower salaried Norwegian men: The healthy worker effect
    • Dahl E. High mortality in lower salaried Norwegian men: the healthy worker effect. J Epidemiol Community Health 1993;47:192-4.
    • (1993) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.47 , pp. 192-194
    • Dahl, E.1
  • 9
    • 21144472673 scopus 로고
    • Social selection: What does it contribute to social-class differences in health?
    • Blane D, Davey Smith G, Bartley M. Social selection: what does it contribute to social-class differences in health? Sociol Health Illn 1993;15:2-15.
    • (1993) Sociol Health Illn , vol.15 , pp. 2-15
    • Blane, D.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Bartley, M.3
  • 10
    • 0030929764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social inequalities in health: Next questions and converging evidence
    • Marmot M, Ryff CD, Bumpass LL, et al. Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. Soc Sci Med 1997;44:901-10.
    • (1997) Soc Sci Med , vol.44 , pp. 901-910
    • Marmot, M.1    Ryff, C.D.2    Bumpass, L.L.3
  • 11
    • 1642537594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to the special section on cognitive abilities: 100 Years after Spearman's (1904) "'General intelligence,' objectively determined and measured"
    • Lubinski D. Introduction to the special section on cognitive abilities: 100 years after Spearman's (1904) "'General intelligence,' objectively determined and measured." J Pers Soc Psychol 2004;86:96-111.
    • (2004) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 96-111
    • Lubinski, D.1
  • 12
    • 1642455817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: Following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947
    • Deary IJ, Whiteman MC, Starr JM, et al. The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947. J Pers Soc Psychol 2004;86:130-47.
    • (2004) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 130-147
    • Deary, I.J.1    Whiteman, M.C.2    Starr, J.M.3
  • 13
    • 1642578151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence: Is it the epidemiologists' elusive "fundamental cause" of social class inequalities in health?
    • Gottfredson LS. Intelligence: is it the epidemiologists' elusive "fundamental cause" of social class inequalities in health? J Pers Soc Psychol 2004;86:174-99.
    • (2004) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 174-199
    • Gottfredson, L.S.1
  • 14
  • 15
    • 0035820373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal cohort study of childhood IQ and survival up to age 76
    • Whalley LJ, Deary IJ. Longitudinal cohort study of childhood IQ and survival up to age 76. BMJ 2001;322:1-5.
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.322 , pp. 1-5
    • Whalley, L.J.1    Deary, I.J.2
  • 16
    • 0002150999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mainstream science on intelligence: An editorial with 52 signatories, history and bibliography
    • Gottfredson LS. Mainstream science on intelligence: an editorial with 52 signatories, history and bibliography. Intelligence 1997;24:13-23.
    • (1997) Intelligence , vol.24 , pp. 13-23
    • Gottfredson, L.S.1
  • 17
    • 0035083558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic, health, cognitive, and sensory variables as predictors of mortality in very old adults
    • Anstey KJ, Luszcz MA, Giles LC, et al. Demographic, health, cognitive, and sensory variables as predictors of mortality in very old adults. Psychol Aging 2001;16:3-11.
    • (2001) Psychol Aging , vol.16 , pp. 3-11
    • Anstey, K.J.1    Luszcz, M.A.2    Giles, L.C.3
  • 18
    • 0034174367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and mortality in the community-dwelling elderly
    • Bassuk SS, Wyppij D, Berkman LF. Cognitive impairment and mortality in the community-dwelling elderly. Am J Epidemiol 2000;151:676-88.
    • (2000) Am J Epidemiol , vol.151 , pp. 676-688
    • Bassuk, S.S.1    Wyppij, D.2    Berkman, L.F.3
  • 19
    • 0032564824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for 5-year mortality in older adults
    • Fried LP, Kronmal RA, Newman AB, et al. Risk factors for 5-year mortality in older adults. JAMA 1998;279:585-92.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 585-592
    • Fried, L.P.1    Kronmal, R.A.2    Newman, A.B.3
  • 20
    • 0025364749 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and mortality: A study of possible confounders
    • Liu IY, LaCroix AZ, White LR, et al. Cognitive impairment and mortality: a study of possible confounders. Am J Epidemiol 1990;132:136-43.
    • (1990) Am J Epidemiol , vol.132 , pp. 136-143
    • Liu, I.Y.1    LaCroix, A.Z.2    White, L.R.3
  • 21
    • 0035712776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition and survival: An exploration in a large mulitcentre study of the population aged 65 years and over
    • Neale R, Brayne C, Johnson A. Cognition and survival: an exploration in a large mulitcentre study of the population aged 65 years and over. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:1383-8.
    • (2001) Int J Epidemiol , vol.30 , pp. 1383-1388
    • Neale, R.1    Brayne, C.2    Johnson, A.3
  • 22
    • 0037442005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between cognitive function and mortality in middle-aged adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    • Pavlik VN, de Moraes SA, Szklo M, et al. Relation between cognitive function and mortality in middle-aged adults. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:327-34.
    • (2003) Am J Epidemiol , vol.157 , pp. 327-334
    • Pavlik, V.N.1    De Moraes, S.A.2    Szklo, M.3
  • 23
    • 0033231283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning and health as determinants of mortality in an older population
    • Smits CH, Deeg DJ, Kriegsman DM, et al. Cognitive functioning and health as determinants of mortality in an older population. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:978-86.
    • (1999) Am J Epidemiol , vol.150 , pp. 978-986
    • Smits, C.H.1    Deeg, D.J.2    Kriegsman, D.M.3
  • 24
    • 0028814959 scopus 로고
    • Performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and 5-year mortality in the Western Collaborative Group Study
    • Swan GE, Carmelli D, LaRue A. Performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and 5-year mortality in the Western Collaborative Group Study. Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:32-40.
    • (1995) Am J Epidemiol , vol.141 , pp. 32-40
    • Swan, G.E.1    Carmelli, D.2    LaRue, A.3
  • 25
    • 0038454674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal decline in cognitive function
    • Wilson RS, Beckett LA, Bienias JL, et al. Terminal decline in cognitive function. Neurology 2003;60:1782-7.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 1782-1787
    • Wilson, R.S.1    Beckett, L.A.2    Bienias, J.L.3
  • 26
    • 0037321725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inequality in the early cognitive development of British children in the 1970 cohort
    • Feinstein L. Inequality in the early cognitive development of British children in the 1970 cohort. Economica 2003;70: 73-97.
    • (2003) Economica , vol.70 , pp. 73-97
    • Feinstein, L.1
  • 27
    • 38249013248 scopus 로고
    • Ultimate validity of psychological tests
    • O'Toole BJ, Stankov L. Ultimate validity of psychological tests. Pers Individ Dif 1992;13:699-716.
    • (1992) Pers Individ Dif , vol.13 , pp. 699-716
    • O'Toole, B.J.1    Stankov, L.2
  • 28
    • 0141634200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood IQ, social class, deprivation, and their relationships with mortality and morbidity risk in later life: Prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies
    • Hart CL, Taylor MD, Davey Smith G, et al. Childhood IQ, social class, deprivation, and their relationships with mortality and morbidity risk in later life: prospective observational study linking the Scottish Mental Survey 1932 and the Midspan studies. Psychosom Med 2003;65:877-83.
    • (2003) Psychosom Med , vol.65 , pp. 877-883
    • Hart, C.L.1    Taylor, M.D.2    Davey Smith, G.3
  • 29
    • 2342514215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood cognitive ability and deaths up until middle age: A post-war birth cohort study
    • Kuh D, Richards M, Hardy R, et al. Childhood cognitive ability and deaths up until middle age: a post-war birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2004;33:408-13.
    • (2004) Int J Epidemiol , vol.33 , pp. 408-413
    • Kuh, D.1    Richards, M.2    Hardy, R.3
  • 30
    • 0042319112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality: A longitudinal cohort study of Danish men born in 1953
    • Osler M, Andersen AM, Due P, et al. Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality: a longitudinal cohort study of Danish men born in 1953. J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:681-6.
    • (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.57 , pp. 681-686
    • Osler, M.1    Andersen, A.M.2    Due, P.3
  • 31
    • 0025851782 scopus 로고
    • Health inequalities among British civil servants: The Whitehall II study
    • Marmot MG, Davey Smith G, Stansfeld S, et al. Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 1991;337:1387-93.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1387-1393
    • Marmot, M.G.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Stansfeld, S.3
  • 32
    • 0037411098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissecting practical intelligence theory: Its claims and evidence
    • Gottfredson LS. Dissecting practical intelligence theory: its claims and evidence. Intelligence 2003;31:343-97.
    • (2003) Intelligence , vol.31 , pp. 343-397
    • Gottfredson, L.S.1
  • 34
    • 0027645878 scopus 로고
    • Does it all go together when it goes? The Nineteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture
    • Rabbitt P. Does it all go together when it goes? The Nineteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture. Q J Exp Psychol A 1993;46:385-434.
    • (1993) Q J Exp Psychol A , vol.46 , pp. 385-434
    • Rabbitt, P.1
  • 37
    • 0025146312 scopus 로고
    • Methodology of ECG interpretation in the Glasgow program
    • Macfarlane P. Methodology of ECG interpretation in the Glasgow program. Methods Inf Med 1990;29:354-61.
    • (1990) Methods Inf Med , vol.29 , pp. 354-361
    • Macfarlane, P.1
  • 40
    • 0029282302 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical analysis of SF-36 health profile and summary measures: Summary of results from the Medical Outcomes Study
    • Ware JE, Kosinski M, Bayliss MS, et al. Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical analysis of SF-36 health profile and summary measures: summary of results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Med Care 1995;33(suppl):AS264-79.
    • (1995) Med Care , vol.33 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Ware, J.E.1    Kosinski, M.2    Bayliss, M.S.3
  • 41
    • 0004006214 scopus 로고
    • London, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, (Institute of Psychiatry Maudsley mongraphs no. 21)
    • Goldberg DP. The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. London, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 1972. (Institute of Psychiatry Maudsley mongraphs no. 21).
    • (1972) The Detection of Psychiatric Illness by Questionnaire
    • Goldberg, D.P.1
  • 42
    • 0030932519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: An overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe
    • Mackenbach JP, Kunst AE. Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: an overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe. Soc Sci Med 1997;44:757-71.
    • (1997) Soc Sci Med , vol.44 , pp. 757-771
    • Mackenbach, J.P.1    Kunst, A.E.2
  • 43
    • 0035169664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic inequality in voting participation and self-rated health
    • Blakely TA, Kennedy BP, Kawachi I. Socioeconomic inequality in voting participation and self-rated health. Am J Public Health 2001;91:99-104.
    • (2001) Am J Public Health , vol.91 , pp. 99-104
    • Blakely, T.A.1    Kennedy, B.P.2    Kawachi, I.3
  • 44
    • 0036726008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geocoding and monitoring of US Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality and cancer incidence: Does the choice of area-based measure and geographic level matter?
    • Krieger N, Chen JT, Waterman PD, et al. Geocoding and monitoring of US Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality and cancer incidence: does the choice of area-based measure and geographic level matter? Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:471-82.
    • (2002) Am J Epidemiol , vol.156 , pp. 471-482
    • Krieger, N.1    Chen, J.T.2    Waterman, P.D.3
  • 45
    • 0036996001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple measures of socioeconomic position and psychosocial health: Proximal and distal effects
    • Singh-Manoux A, Clarke P, Marmot M. Multiple measures of socioeconomic position and psychosocial health: proximal and distal effects. Int J Epidemiol 2002;31:1192-9.
    • (2002) Int J Epidemiol , vol.31 , pp. 1192-1199
    • Singh-Manoux, A.1    Clarke, P.2    Marmot, M.3
  • 46
    • 0032853413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding social variation in cardiovascular risk factors in women and men: The advantage of theoretically based measures
    • Bartley M, Sacker A, Firth D, et al. Understanding social variation in cardiovascular risk factors in women and men: the advantage of theoretically based measures. Soc Sci Med 1999;49:831-45.
    • (1999) Soc Sci Med , vol.49 , pp. 831-845
    • Bartley, M.1    Sacker, A.2    Firth, D.3
  • 47
    • 0030891128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do poor people behave poorly? Variation in adult health behaviours and psychosocial characteristics by stages of the socioeconomic lifecourse
    • Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Salonen, JT. Why do poor people behave poorly? Variation in adult health behaviours and psychosocial characteristics by stages of the socioeconomic lifecourse. Soc Sci Med 1997;44:809-19.
    • (1997) Soc Sci Med , vol.44 , pp. 809-819
    • Lynch, J.W.1    Kaplan, G.A.2    Salonen, J.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.