메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 110, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 1-15

Erythemal UV at Davos (Switzerland), 1926-2003, estimated using total ozone, sunshine duration, and snow depth

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBEDO; OZONE; RADIATION BUDGET; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

EID: 17044362648     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005231     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0035308181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional chemical model simulations of the ozone layer: 2015-55
    • doi:10.1256/smsqj.57312
    • Austin, J., N. Butchart, and J. Knight (2001), Three-dimensional chemical model simulations of the ozone layer: 2015-55, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 127(573), 959-974, doi:10.1256/smsqj.57312.
    • (2001) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.127 , Issue.573 , pp. 959-974
    • Austin, J.1    Butchart, N.2    Knight, J.3
  • 2
    • 0032216179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical depth of overcast cloud across Canada: Estimates based on surface pyranometer and satellite measurements
    • Barker, H. W., T. J. Curtis, E. Leontieva, and K. Stamnes (1998), Optical depth of overcast cloud across Canada: Estimates based on surface pyranometer and satellite measurements, J. Clim., 11(11), 2980-2994.
    • (1998) J. Clim. , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 2980-2994
    • Barker, H.W.1    Curtis, T.J.2    Leontieva, E.3    Stamnes, K.4
  • 3
    • 85019314443 scopus 로고
    • Die Schwellenintensiteat des Sonnenscheinautographen Campbell-Stokes an Wolkenlosen Tagen
    • Rep. 84, Swiss Meteorol. Inst., Zurich
    • Baumgartner, T. (1979), Die Schwellenintensiteat des Sonnenscheinautographen Campbell-Stokes an Wolkenlosen Tagen, Rep. 84 Swiss Meteorol. Inst., Zurich.
    • (1979)
    • Baumgartner, T.1
  • 4
    • 0017279047 scopus 로고
    • The sunburning ultraviolet meter: Design and performance
    • Berger, D. S. (1976), The sunburning ultraviolet meter: Design and performance, Photochem. Photobiol., 24, 587-593.
    • (1976) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.24 , pp. 587-593
    • Berger, D.S.1
  • 5
    • 0024049287 scopus 로고
    • Solar UVB-albedo of various surfaces
    • Blumthaler, M., and W. Ambach (1988), Solar UVB-albedo of various surfaces, Photochem. Photobiol., 48(1), 85-88.
    • (1988) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-88
    • Blumthaler, M.1    Ambach, W.2
  • 6
    • 0030417226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An algorithm for inferring surface UV irradiance including cloud effects
    • Bodeker, G. E., and R. L. McKenzie (1996), An algorithm for inferring surface UV irradiance including cloud effects, J. Appl. Meteorol., 35 10), 1860-1877.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 1860-1877
    • Bodeker, G.E.1    McKenzie, R.L.2
  • 7
    • 0027881174 scopus 로고
    • Record low total ozone during northern winters of 1992 and 1993
    • Bojkov, R. D., C. Zerefos, D. Balis, I. Ziomas, and A. Bais (1993), Record low total ozone during northern winters of 1992 and 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(13), 1351-1354.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , Issue.13 , pp. 1351-1354
    • Bojkov, R.D.1    Zerefos, C.2    Balis, D.3    Ziomas, I.4    Bais, A.5
  • 8
    • 0033793136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thirty-year variability of UV irradiance in Moscow
    • Chubarova, N. Y., and Y. I. Nezval' (2000), Thirty-year variability of UV irradiance in Moscow, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D1O), 12,529-12,539.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D10
    • Chubarova, N.Y.1    Nezval, Y.I.2
  • 10
    • 17044432873 scopus 로고
    • Dependence on threshold solar irradiance of measured sunshine duration
    • Rep. 22, World Meteorol. Org., Geneva
    • Dehne, K. (1985), Dependence on threshold solar irradiance of measured sunshine duration, in Instruments and Observing Methods Report May 1985, Rep. 22, World Meteorol. Org., Geneva.
    • (1985) Instruments and Observing Methods Report May 1985
    • Dehne, K.1
  • 11
    • 0036672921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily doses of biologically active UV radiation retrieved from commonly available parameters
    • de la Casiniere, A., M. L. Toure, D. Masserot, T. Cabot, and J. L. P. Vega (2002), Daily doses of biologically active UV radiation retrieved from commonly available parameters, Photochem. Photobiol., 76(2), 171-175.
    • (2002) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-175
    • de la Casiniere, A.1    Toure, M.L.2    Masserot, D.3    Cabot, T.4    Vega, J.L.P.5
  • 12
    • 0346186063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model to extend spectral and multiwavelength UV irradiances time series: Model development and validation
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002134
    • Diaz, S., D. Nelson, G. Deferrari, and C. Camilion (2003), A model to extend spectral and multiwavelength UV irradiances time series: Model development and validation, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D4), 4150, doi:10.1029/2002JD002134.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D4 , pp. 4150
    • Diaz, S.1    Nelson, D.2    Deferrari, G.3    Camilion, C.4
  • 13
    • 0027802303 scopus 로고
    • Development and characterization of a new solar ultraviolet-B irradiance detector
    • Dichter, B. K., A. F. Beaubien, and D. J. Beaubien (1993), Development and characterization of a new solar ultraviolet-B irradiance detector, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10(3), 337-344.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 337-344
    • Dichter, B.K.1    Beaubien, A.F.2    Beaubien, D.J.3
  • 14
    • 17044436578 scopus 로고
    • Variations of sunshine duration in Austria since 1880
    • edited by R. Heino, Painatuskeskus, Helsinki
    • Dobesch, H., and H. Mohnl (1994), Variations of sunshine duration in Austria since 1880, in Climate Variations in Europe, edited by R. Heino, pp. 232-238, Painatuskeskus, Helsinki.
    • (1994) Climate Variations in Europe , pp. 232-238
    • Dobesch, H.1    Mohnl, H.2
  • 15
    • 0037021137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations of erythemal ultraviolet irradiance and dose at Tartu /Toravere, Estonia
    • Eerme, K., U. Veismann, and R. Koppel (2002), Variations of erythemal ultraviolet irradiance and dose at Tartu/Toravere, Estonia, Clim. Res., 22, 245-253.
    • (2002) Clim. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 245-253
    • Eerme, K.1    Veismann, U.2    Koppel, R.3
  • 16
    • 6044270681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term (1936-2003) ultraviolet and photosynthetically active radiation doses at a north Norwegian location in spring on the basis of total ozone and cloud cover
    • doi:10.1029/2003GL019241
    • Engelsen, O., G. H. Hansen, and T. Svenøe (2004), Long-term (1936-2003) ultraviolet and photosynthetically active radiation doses at a north Norwegian location in spring on the basis of total ozone and cloud cover, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L12103, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL019241.
    • (2004) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.31
    • Engelsen, O.1    Hansen, G.H.2    Svenøe, T.3
  • 17
    • 10744219911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of daily solar global ultraviolet irradiation
    • Feister, U., E. Jäkel, and K. Gericke (2002), Parameterization of daily solar global ultraviolet irradiation, Photochem. Photobiol., 76 3), 281-293.
    • (2002) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.76 , Issue.3 , pp. 281-293
    • Feister, U.1    Jäkel, E.2    Gericke, K.3
  • 18
    • 0034765919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term variations of UV-B irradiance over Canada estimated from Brewer observations and derived from ozone and pyranometer measurements
    • Fioletov, V., L. McArthur, J. Kerr, and D. Wardle (2001), Long-term variations of UV-B irradiance over Canada estimated from Brewer observations and derived from ozone and pyranometer measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D19), 23,009-23,027.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , Issue.D19
    • Fioletov, V.1    McArthur, L.2    Kerr, J.3    Wardle, D.4
  • 19
    • 0006517354 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the instrumental effects on the historical sunshine record of the United States
    • Hameed, S., and I. Pittalwala (1989), An investigation of the instrumental effects on the historical sunshine record of the United States, J. Clim., 2(1), 101-104.
    • (1989) J. Clim. , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-104
    • Hameed, S.1    Pittalwala, I.2
  • 20
    • 0030206960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UV-B increases (1979-1992) from decreases in total ozone
    • Herman, J., P. Bhartia, J. Ziemke, Z. Ahmad, and D. Larko (1996), UV-B increases (1979-1992) from decreases in total ozone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(16), 2117-2120.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , Issue.16 , pp. 2117-2120
    • Herman, J.1    Bhartia, P.2    Ziemke, J.3    Ahmad, Z.4    Larko, D.5
  • 21
    • 0021069526 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric transmission at Davos, Switzerland 1909-1979
    • Hoyt, D., and C. Fröhlich (1983), Atmospheric transmission at Davos, Switzerland 1909-1979, Clim. Change, 5, 61-79.
    • (1983) Clim. Change , vol.5 , pp. 61-79
    • Hoyt, D.1    Fröhlich, C.2
  • 22
    • 0346735396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar UV measurements with Robertson-Berger type instruments: Influence of the detector's internal humidity status
    • doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.08.010
    • Huber, M., M. Blumthaler, and J. Schreder (2003), Solar UV measurements with Robertson-Berger type instruments: Influence of the detector's internal humidity status, Agric. For. Meteorol., 120, 39-43, doi:10.1016/ j.agrformet.2003.08.010.
    • (2003) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.120 , pp. 39-43
    • Huber, M.1    Blumthaler, M.2    Schreder, J.3
  • 23
    • 0035654596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol optical depth measurements by means of a Sun photometer network in Switzerland
    • Ingold, T., C. Mätzler, and N. Kämpfer (2001), Aerosol optical depth measurements by means of a Sun photometer network in Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D21), 27,537-27,554.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , Issue.D21
    • Ingold, T.1    Mätzler, C.2    Kämpfer, N.3
  • 24
    • 0033793455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of clouds on UV irradiance: As estimated from cloud amount, cloud type, precipitation, global radiation, and sunshine duration
    • Josefsson, W., and T. Landelius (2000), Effect of clouds on UV irradiance: As estimated from cloud amount, cloud type, precipitation, global radiation, and sunshine duration, J. Geophys. Res., 105 D4), 4927-4935.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D4 , pp. 4927-4935
    • Josefsson, W.1    Landelius, T.2
  • 25
    • 17944385045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term variations of UV-B doses at three stations in northern Europe
    • Kaurola, J., P. Taalas, T. Koskela, J. Borkowski, and W. Josefsson (2000), Long-term variations of UV-B doses at three stations in northern Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D16), 20,813-20,820.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D16
    • Kaurola, J.1    Taalas, P.2    Koskela, T.3    Borkowski, J.4    Josefsson, W.5
  • 26
    • 84989592190 scopus 로고
    • Record low ozone values over Canada in early 1993
    • Kerr, J. B., D. I. Wardle, and D. W. Tarasick (1993), Record low ozone values over Canada in early 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(18), 1979-1982.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , Issue.18 , pp. 1979-1982
    • Kerr, J.B.1    Wardle, D.I.2    Tarasick, D.W.3
  • 27
    • 0032571703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite estimation of spectral surface UV irradiance in the presence of tropospheric aerosols: 1. Cloud-free case
    • Krotkov, N. A., P. K. Bhartia, J. R. Herman, V. Fioletov, and J. Kerr (1998), Satellite estimation of spectral surface UV irradiance in the presence of tropospheric aerosols: 1. Cloud-free case, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D8), 8779-8793.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.D8 , pp. 8779-8793
    • Krotkov, N.A.1    Bhartia, P.K.2    Herman, J.R.3    Fioletov, V.4    Kerr, J.5
  • 28
    • 0034352933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of clouds and surface albedo on UV irradiances at a high latitude site
    • Kylling, A., A. Dahlback, and B. Mayer (2000a), The effect of clouds and surface albedo on UV irradiances at a high latitude site, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(9), 1411-1414.
    • (2000) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.27 , Issue.9 , pp. 1411-1414
    • Kylling, A.1    Dahlback, A.2    Mayer, B.3
  • 29
    • 0033785323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of an effective spectral surface albedo from ground-based global and direct UV irradiance measurements
    • Kylling, A., T. Persen, B. Mayer, and T. Svenøe (2000b), Determination of an effective spectral surface albedo from ground-based global and direct UV irradiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D4), 4949-4959.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D4 , pp. 4949-4959
    • Kylling, A.1    Persen, T.2    Mayer, B.3    Svenøe, T.4
  • 30
    • 0345801000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral UV measurements at Sodankylä during 1990-2001
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD003300
    • Lakkala, K., E. Kyrö, and T. Turunen (2003), Spectral UV measurements at Sodankylä during 1990-2001, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D19), 4621, doi:10.1029/2002JD003300.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D19 , pp. 4621
    • Lakkala, K.1    Kyrö, E.2    Turunen, T.3
  • 31
    • 0033493791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodology for deriving clear-sky erythemal calibration factors for UV broadband radiometers of the US Central UV Calibration Facility
    • Lantz, K. O., P. Disterhoft, J. J. DeLuisi, E. Early, A. Thompson, D. Bigelow, and J. Slusser (1999), Methodology for deriving clear-sky erythemal calibration factors for UV broadband radiometers of the US Central UV Calibration Facility. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 16 11), 1736-1752.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.16 , Issue.11 , pp. 1736-1752
    • Lantz, K.O.1    Disterhoft, P.2    DeLuisi, J.J.3    Early, E.4    Thompson, A.5    Bigelow, D.6    Slusser, J.7
  • 32
    • 0038684939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term snow climate trends of the Swiss Alps (1931-99)
    • Laternser, M., and M. Schneebeli (2003), Long-term snow climate trends of the Swiss Alps (1931-99), Int. J. Climatol., 23, 733-750.
    • (2003) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.23 , pp. 733-750
    • Laternser, M.1    Schneebeli, M.2
  • 33
    • 0001117277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythemally weighted radiometers in solar UV monitoring: Results from the WMO/STUK intercomparison
    • Leszczynski, K., K. Jokela, L. Ylianttila, R. Visuri, and M. Blumthaler (1998), Erythemally weighted radiometers in solar UV monitoring: Results from the WMO/STUK intercomparison, Photochem. Photobiol., 67(2), 212-221.
    • (1998) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 212-221
    • Leszczynski, K.1    Jokela, K.2    Ylianttila, L.3    Visuri, R.4    Blumthaler, M.5
  • 34
    • 1342332634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term erythemal UV doses at Sodankylä estimated using total ozone, sunshine duration, and snow depth
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD003325
    • Lindfors, A. V., A. Arola, J. Kaurola, P. Taalas, and T. Svenøe (2003), Long-term erythemal UV doses at Sodankylä estimated using total ozone, sunshine duration, and snow depth, J. Geophys. Res., 108 D16), 4518, doi:10.1029/2002JD003325.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D16 , pp. 4518
    • Lindfors, A.V.1    Arola, A.2    Kaurola, J.3    Taalas, P.4    Svenøe, T.5
  • 35
    • 0031426281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic long-term comparison of spectral UV measurements and UVSPEC modeling results
    • Mayer, B., G. Seckmeyer, and A. Kylling (1997), Systematic long-term comparison of spectral UV measurements and UVSPEC modeling results, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D7), 8755-8767.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , Issue.D7 , pp. 8755-8767
    • Mayer, B.1    Seckmeyer, G.2    Kylling, A.3
  • 36
    • 0033610876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of snow cover on UV irradiance and surface albedo: A case study
    • McKenzie, R., K. J. Paulin, and S. Madronich (1998), Effects of snow cover on UV irradiance and surface albedo: A case study, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D22), 28,785-28,792.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.D22
    • McKenzie, R.1    Paulin, K.J.2    Madronich, S.3
  • 37
    • 0033543724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased summertime UV radiation in New Zealand in response to ozone loss
    • McKenzie, R., B. Connor, and G. Bodeker (1999), Increased summertime UV radiation in New Zealand in response to ozone loss, Science, 285, 1709-1711.
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 1709-1711
    • McKenzie, R.1    Connor, B.2    Bodeker, G.3
  • 38
    • 0037092378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future development of the ozone layer calculated by a general circulation model with fully interactive chemistry
    • doi:10.1029/2001GL014026
    • Nagashima, T., M. Takahashi, M. Takigawa, and H. Akiyoshi (2002), Future development of the ozone layer calculated by a general circulation model with fully interactive chemistry, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(8), 1162, doi:10.1029/2001GL014026.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 1162
    • Nagashima, T.1    Takahashi, M.2    Takigawa, M.3    Akiyoshi, H.4
  • 39
    • 0019367049 scopus 로고
    • Performance of a Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder compared with a simultaneous record of the normal incidence irradiance
    • Painter, H. E. (1981), Performance of a Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder compared with a simultaneous record of the normal incidence irradiance, Meteorol. Mag., 110(1305), 102-109.
    • (1981) Meteorol. Mag. , vol.110 , Issue.1305 , pp. 102-109
    • Painter, H.E.1
  • 40
    • 0027646172 scopus 로고
    • Investigations of solar radiation detectors using a laboratory test facility for solar radiation meteorological instruments
    • Philipona, R., A. Heimo, and B. Hoegger (1993), Investigations of solar radiation detectors using a laboratory test facility for solar radiation meteorological instruments, Sol. Energy, 51(2), 159-163.
    • (1993) Sol. Energy , vol.51 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-163
    • Philipona, R.1    Heimo, A.2    Hoegger, B.3
  • 41
    • 0035324288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albedo-enhanced maximum UV irradiance - Measured on surfaces oriented normal to the Sun
    • Philipona, R., A. Schilling, and D. Schmucki (2001), Albedo-enhanced maximum UV irradiance - Measured on surfaces oriented normal to the Sun, Photochem. Photobiol., 73(4), 366-369.
    • (2001) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.73 , Issue.4 , pp. 366-369
    • Philipona, R.1    Schilling, A.2    Schmucki, D.3
  • 43
    • 0033790466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of snow and clouds on erythemal UV radiation: Analysis of Swiss measurements and comparison with models
    • Renaud, A., J. Staehelin, C. Fröhlich, R. Philipona, and A. Heimo (2000), Influence of snow and clouds on erythemal UV radiation: Analysis of Swiss measurements and comparison with models, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D4), 4961-4969.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D4 , pp. 4961-4969
    • Renaud, A.1    Staehelin, J.2    Fröhlich, C.3    Philipona, R.4    Heimo, A.5
  • 44
    • 0003923443 scopus 로고
    • Solar radiation in the relation to human skin burn and cancer
    • Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
    • Robertson, D. (1972), Solar radiation in the relation to human skin burn and cancer, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
    • (1972)
    • Robertson, D.1
  • 45
    • 0037181602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of increasing carbon dioxide on ozone recovery
    • doi:10.1029/2001JD000824
    • Rosenfield, J. E., A. R. Douglass, and D. B. Considine (2002), The impact of increasing carbon dioxide on ozone recovery, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D6), 4049, doi:10.1029/2001JD000824.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.D6 , pp. 4049
    • Rosenfield, J.E.1    Douglass, A.R.2    Considine, D.B.3
  • 48
    • 0031814007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trend analysis of the homogenized total ozone series of Arosa (Switzerland), 1926-1996
    • Staehelin, J., R. Kegel, and N. R. Harris (1998a), Trend analysis of the homogenized total ozone series of Arosa (Switzerland), 1926-1996, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D7), 8389-8399.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.D7 , pp. 8389-8399
    • Staehelin, J.1    Kegel, R.2    Harris, N.R.3
  • 50
    • 84966148288 scopus 로고
    • Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media
    • Stamnes, K., S. C. Tsay, W. Wiscombe, and K. Jayaweera (1988), Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media, Appl. Opt., 27(12), 2502-2509.
    • (1988) Appl. Opt. , vol.27 , Issue.12 , pp. 2502-2509
    • Stamnes, K.1    Tsay, S.C.2    Wiscombe, W.3    Jayaweera, K.4
  • 51
    • 0034493697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in tropospheric aerosol loads and corresponding impact on direct radiative forcing between 1950 and 1990: A model study
    • Tegen, I., D. Koch, A. A. Lacis, and M. Sato (2000), Trends in tropospheric aerosol loads and corresponding impact on direct radiative forcing between 1950 and 1990: A model study, J. Geophys. Res., 105 D22), 26,971-26,989.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D22
    • Tegen, I.1    Koch, D.2    Lacis, A.A.3    Sato, M.4
  • 52
    • 2342573552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of erythemal UV irradiance and dose at Hohenpeissenberg (1968-2001) considering trends of total ozone, cloudiness and turbidity
    • doi:10.1007/s00704-004-0034-y
    • Trepte, S., and P. Winkler (2004), Reconstruction of erythemal UV irradiance and dose at Hohenpeissenberg (1968-2001) considering trends of total ozone, cloudiness and turbidity, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 77 3-4), doi:10.1007/s00704-004-0034-y.
    • (2004) Theor. Appl. Climatol. , vol.77 , Issue.3-4
    • Trepte, S.1    Winkler, P.2
  • 53
    • 1342323476 scopus 로고
    • Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Abridged Final Report of the Eighth Session, WMO Ser. 590, Geneva
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (1982), Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation, Abridged Final Report of the Eighth Session, WMO Ser. 590, Geneva.
    • (1982)
  • 54
    • 17044419847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of sunshine duration
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 6th ed., WMO 8, Geneva
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (1996), Measurements of Sunshine duration, in Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, 6th ed., WMO 8, Geneva.
    • (1996) Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation
  • 55
    • 0003594276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 1998
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Rep. 44, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj., Geneva
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (1999), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 1998, Rep. 44, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj., Geneva.
    • (1999)
  • 56
    • 0038036202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2002
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Rep. 47, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj., Geneva
    • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (2003), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2002, Rep. 47, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj., Geneva.
    • (2003)
  • 58
    • 0033791803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythemally weighted UV trends over northern latitudes derived from Nimbus 7 TOMS measurements
    • Ziemke, J. R., S. Chandra, J. Herman, and C. Varatsos (2000), Erythemally weighted UV trends over northern latitudes derived from Nimbus 7 TOMS measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D6), 7373-7382.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , Issue.D6 , pp. 7373-7382
    • Ziemke, J.R.1    Chandra, S.2    Herman, J.3    Varatsos, C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.