Optical depth of overcast cloud across Canada: Estimates based on surface pyranometer and satellite measurements

Journal of Climate

Volumn 11, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 2980-2994

  Barker, H W ^a,d   Curtis, T J ^b   Leontieva, E ^c   Stamnes, K ^c  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^d DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTH ATMOSPHERE; IRRADIATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; SATELLITES;

OPTICAL DEPTH; OVERCAST CLOUD; PYRANOMETERS;

CLOUDS;

BROADBAND DATA; CLOUD COVER; ESTIMATION METHOD; IRRADIANCE; OPTICAL DEPTH;

CANADA;

EID: 0032216179     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<2980:ODOOCA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Barker, H. W., and J. A. Davies, 1989: Multiple reflections across a linear discontinuity in surface albedo. Int. J. Climatatol., 9, 203-214.
2. _, and D. Liu, 1995: Inferring optical depth of broken clouds from Landsat data. J. Climate, 8, 2620-2630.
3. _, and Z. Li, 1997: Interpreting shortwave albedo-transmittance plots: True or apparent anomalous absorption. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 2023-2026.
4. _, B. A. Wielicki, and L. Parker, 1996: A parameterization for computing grid-averaged solar fluxes for inhomogeneous marine boundary layer clouds. Part II: Validation using satellite data. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2304-2316.
5. Berk, A., L. S. Bernstein, and D. C. Robertson, 1989: MODTRAN: A moderate resolution model for LOWTRAN7, Geophysics Laboratory Rep. GL-TR-89-0122, 38 pp. [Available from Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-5000.]
6. Cahalan, R. F., W. Ridgway, W. J. Wiscombe, T. L. Bell, and J. B. Snider, 1994: The albedo of fractal stratocumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2434-2455.
7. Cess, R. D., and Coauthors, 1995: Absorption of solar radiation by clouds: Observations versus models. Science, 267, 496-499.
8. _, M. H. Zhang, Y. Zhou, X. Jing, and V. Dvortsov, 1996: Absorption of solar radiation by clouds: Interpretations of satellite, surface, and aircraft measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23 299-23 309.
9. Han, Q., W. Rossow, and A. Lacis, 1994: Near-global survey of effective droplet radii in liquid water clouds using ISCCP data. J. Climate, 7, 465-497.
10. Hay, J. E., and T. K. Won, 1980: Proc. First Canadian Solar Radiation Data Workshop, Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service.
11. Henyey, L. C., and J. L. Greenstein, 1941: Diffuse radiation in the galaxy. Astrophys. J., 93, 70-83.
12. Hu, Y. X., and K. Stamnes, 1993: An accurate parameterization of the radiative properties of water clouds suitable for use in climate models. J. Climate, 6, 728-742.
13. LeDrew, E., D. Barber, T. Agnew, and D. Dunlop, 1992: Canadian Sea Ice Atlas from Microwave Remotely Sensed Imagery: July 1987 to June 1990. Climatological Studies No. 44, Canadian Climate Program, 80 pp.
14. Leontieva, E., K. Stamnes, and J. A. Olseth, 1994: Cloud optical properties at Bergen (Norway) based on the analysis of long-term solar irradiance records. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 50, 73-82.
15. Leontyeva, E., and K. Stamnes, 1994: Estimations of cloud optical thickness from ground-based measurements of incoming solar radiation in the arctic. J. Climate, 7, 566-578.
16. Li, Z., and H. G. Leighton, 1993: Global climatologies for solar radiation budgets at the surface and in the atmosphere from 5 years of ERBE data. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4919-4930.
17. _, and L. Garand, 1994: Estimation of surface albedo from space: A parameterization for global application. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8335-8351.
18. _, H. W. Barker, and L. Moreau, 1995: The variable effect of clouds on atmospheric absorption of solar radiation. Nature, 376, 486-490.
19. Marshak, A. A. Davis, W. Wiscombe, and G. Titov, 1995: The verisimilitude of the independent pixel approximation used in cloud remote sensing. Remote Sens. Environ., 52, 71-78.
20. McClatchey, R. A., R. W. Fenn, J. E. A. Selby, F. E. Volz, and J. S. Garing, 1972: Optical properties of the atmosphere. 3d ed. AFCLR-72-0497, 108 pp. [NTIS N7318412.]
21. McFarlane, N. A., G. J. Boer, J.-P. Blanchet, and M. Lazare, 1992: The Canadian Climate Centre second-generation general circulation model and its equilibrium climate. J. Climate, 7, 1013-1044.
22. Min, Q., and L. C. Harrison, 1996: Cloud properties derived from surface MFRSR measurements and comparison with GOES results at the ARM SGP site. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1641-1644.
23. Rawlins, F., and J. S. Foot, 1990: Remotely sensed measurements of stratocumulus properties during FIRE using the C130 aircraft multichannel radiometer. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2488-2503.
24. Rossow, W. B., 1989: Measuring cloud properties from space: A review. J. Climate, 2, 201-213.
25. _, and R. A. Schiffer, 1991: ISCCP cloud products. Bull. Amer Meteor. Soc., 72, 2-20.
26. Slingo, A., 1989: A GCM parameterization for the shortwave radiative properties of water clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1419-1427.
27. _, and H. M. Schrecker, 1982: On the shortwave radiative properties of stratiform water clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 108, 407-426.
28. Spencer, J. W., 1971: Fourier series representation of the position of the sun. Search, 2, 172.
29. Stamnes, K., 1982: Reflection and transmission by a vertically inhomogeneous planetary atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci., 30, 727-732.
30. _, S.-C. Tsay, W. Wiscombe, and K. Jayaweera, 1988: Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media. Appl. Opt., 27, 2502-2509.
31. Stephens, G. L., 1988: Radiative transfer through arbitrarily shaped optical media. Part II: Group theory and simple closures. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1837-1848.
32. _, and S.-C. Tsay, 1990: On the cloud absorption anomaly. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116, 671-704.
33. Tsay, S.-C., K. Stamnes, and K. Jayaweera, 1989: Radiative energy budget in the cloudy and hazy Arctic. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1002-1018.
34. Wielicki, B. A., and L. Parker, 1992: The determination of cloud cover from satellite sensors: The effect of sensor spatial resolution. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 12 799-12 823.
35. Wiscombe, W. J., and J. W. Evans, 1977: Exponential-sum fitting of radiative transmisson functions. J. Comput. Phys., 24, 416-444.