Bactericidal activity of flucloxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus in primary keratinocyte cultures of lesional and unaffected skin of patients suffering from atopic dermatitis

Experimental Dermatology

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 215-224

  Vollmert, Caren ^a   Behrendt, H ^a,b  

^a INSTITUTE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY   (Germany)

^b TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Atopic dermatitis; Flucloxacillin; Human keratinocytes; Primary cell culture; Staphylococcus aureus

Indexed keywords

FLUCLOXACILLIN;

ARTICLE; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; BACTERIUM CONTAMINATION; CELL CULTURE; CELL ISOLATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOTOXICITY; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IN VIVO STUDY; KERATINOCYTE; SKIN BIOPSY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BIOPSY; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL DIVISION; CELL SURVIVAL; CELLS, CULTURED; DERMATITIS, ATOPIC; DISINFECTION; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FLOXACILLIN; HUMANS; KERATINOCYTES; SKIN; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 15544388265     PISSN: 09066705     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00237.x     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Ring J, Darsow U, Behrendt H. Atopic eczema and allergy. Curr Allergy Rep 2002: 1: 39-43.
2. Rudikoff R, Lebwohl M. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet 1998: 351: 1715-1721.
3. Grewe M, Bruijnzeel-Koomen C A F M, Schöpf E et al. A role for Th1 and Th2 cells in the immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Immunol Today 1998: 19: 359-361.
4. Schafer T, Kramer U, Behrendt H et al. Epidemiology of atopic eczema. In: Ring J, Behrendt H, Vieluf D, eds. New Trends in Allergy IV. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 1997: 21-23.
5. Jarvis D, Burney P. The epidemiology of allergic diseases. Br Med J 1998: 316: 607-609.
6. Wadonda-Kabondo N, Sterne J A, Golding J et al. A prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of atopic dermatitis in children aged 0-42 months. Br J Dermatol 2003: 149: 1023-1028.
7. Eaton K K. The incidence of allergy - has it changed? Clin Allergy 1982: 12: 107-110.
8. Wüthrich B. Epidemiology of allergic diseases: are they really on the increase? Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1989: 90: 3-10.
9. Abeck D, Mempel M. Staphylococcus aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis and its therapeutic implications. Br J Dermatol 1998: 139 (S53): 13-16.
10. Leyden J J, Marples R R, Kligman A M. Staphylococcus aureus in the lesions of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1974: 90: 525-530.
11. Noble W C. Skin bacteriology and the role of Staphylococcus aureus in infection. Br J Dermatol 1998: 139: 9-12.
12. Espersen F. Resistance to antibiotics used in dermatological practice. Br J Dermatol 1998: 139: 4-8.
13. Arikawa J, Ishibashi M, Kawashima M, Takagi Y, Ichikawa Y, Imokawa G. Decreased levels of sphingosine, a natural antimicrobial agent, may be associated with vulnerability of the stratum corneum from patients with atopic dermatitis to colonization by Staphylococcus aureus. J Invest Dermatol 2002: 119: 433-439.
14. Ong P Y, Ohtake T, Brandt C et al. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med 2002: 10 (347): 1151-1160.
15. Bunikowski R, Mielke M E, Skarabis H et al. Evidence for a disease-promoting effect of Staphylococcus aureus-derived exotoxins in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000: 105: 814-819.
16. Herz U, Bunikowski R, Mielke M, Renz H. Contribution of bacterial superantigens in atopic dermatitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1999: 118: 240-241.
17. Dahl M V. Staphylococcus aureus and atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1983: 119: 840-846.
18. Madigan M T, Martinko J M, Parker J. Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 8th edn. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc., 1997.
19. McFadden J P, Noble W C, Camp R D. Superantigenic enterotoxin-secreting potential of staphylococci isolated from atopic eczematous skin. Br J Dermatol 1993: 128: 631-632.
20. Leung D Y, Harbeck R, Bina P et al. Presence of IgE antibodies to staphylococcal exotoxins on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. Evidence for a new group of allergens. J Clin Invest 1993: 92: 1374-1380.
21. Tokura Y, Yagi J, O'Malley M et al. Superantigenic staphylococcal exotoxins induce T cell proliferation in the presence of Langerhans cells or class II-bearing keratinocytes and stimulate keratinocytes to produce T cell activating cytokines. J Invest Dermatol 1994: 102: 31-38.
22. Strickland I, Hauk P J, Trumble A, Picker L J, Leung D Y M. Evidence for superantigen involvement in skin homing of T cells in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1999: 112: 249-253.
23. McCormick J K, Yarwood J M, Schlievert P M. Bacterial superantigens and toxic shock syndrome: an update. Annu Rev Microbiol 2001: 55: 77-104.
24. Li H, Llera A, Malchiodi E L, Mariuzza R A. The structural basis of T cell activation by superantigens. Annu Rev Immunol 1999: 17: 435-466.
25. Schroder J M. Cytokine networks in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 1995: 105: 20S-24S.
26. Neuber K, Steinrücke K, Ring J. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B affects in vitro IgE synthesis, interferon-gamma, interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 production in atopic eczema. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1995: 107: 179-182.
27. Morishita Y, Tada J, Sato A et al. Possible influences of Staphylococcus aureus on atopic dermatitis - the colonizing features and the effects of staphylococcal enterotoxins. Clin Exp Allergy 1999: 29: 1110-1117.
28. Leung D Y M, Hauk P, Strickland I, Travers J B, Norris D A. The role of superantigens in human diseases: therapeutic implications for the treatment of skin diseases. Br J Dermatol 1998: 139: 17-29.
29. Hofer M F, Harbeck R J, Schlievert P M, Leung D Y. Staphylococcal toxins augment specific IgE responses by atopic patients exposed to allergen. J Invest Dermatol 1999: 112: 171-176.
30. Ezepchuk Y V, Leung D Y M, Middleton M H, Bina P, Reiser R, Norris D A. Staphylococcal toxins and protein A differentially induce cytotoxicity and release of tumor necrosis factor -α from human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 1996: 107: 603-609.
31. Bayles K W, Wesson C A, Liou L E, Fox L K, Bohach G A, Trumble W R. Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus escapes the endosome and induces apoptosis in epithelial cells. Infect Immun 1998: 66: 336-342.
32. Mempel M, Schnopp C, Hojka M et al. Invasion of human keratinocytes by Staphylococcus aureus and intracellular bacterial persistence represent haemolysin-independent virulence mechanisms that are followed by features of necrotic and apoptotic keratinocyte cell death. Br J Dermatol 2002: 146: 943-951.
33. Nuzzo I, Sanges M R, Folgore A, Caratelli C R. Apoptosis of human keratinocytes after bacterial invasion. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2000: 27: 235-240.
34. Régnier M, Schmidt R. Standard Operating Procedure, 1997. Life Science Research. L'oréal Recherche - Centre Charles Zviak, Clichy.
35. Sasaki T, Kano R, Sato H, Nakamura Y, Watanabe S, Hasegawa A. Effects of staphylococci on cytokine production from human keratinocytes. Br J Dermatol 2003: 148: 46-50.
36. Travers J B, Norris D A, Leung D Y. The keratinocyte as a target for staphylococcal bacterial toxins. J Invest Dermatol 2001: 6: 225-230.
37. Krut O, Utermohlen O, Schlossherr X, Kronke M. Strain-specific association of cytotoxic activity and virulence of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Infect Immun 2003: 71: 2716-2723.
38. Taylor D, Whatling C, Kearney J N, Matthews B, Holland K T. The effect of bacterial products on human fibroblast and keratinocyte detachment and viability. Br J Dermatol 1990: 122: 23-28.
39. Boyce S T, Warden G D, Holder I A. Noncytotoxic combinations of topical antimicrobial agents for use with cultured skin substitutes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995: 39: 1324-1328.
40. Cooper M L, Boyce S T, Hansbrough J F, Foreman T J, Frank D H. Cytotoxicity to cultured human keratinocytes of topical antimicrobial agents. J Surg Res 1990: 48: 190-195.
41. Holder I A, Robb E, Kagan R. Antimicrobial mixtures used by tissue banks for harvested skin: comparative in vitro activity. Burns 1998: 24: 604-608.
42. Vizcaino-Alcaide M J, Herruzo-Cabrera R, Rey-Calero J. Efficacy of a broad-spectrum antibiotic (mupirocin) in an in vitro model of infected skin. Burns 1993: 19: 392-395.
43. Livermore D M. Antibiotic resistance in staphylococci. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000: 16: S3-S10.
44. Brockow K, Grabenhorst P, Abeck D et al. Effect of gentian violet, corticosteroid and tar preparations in Staphylococcus-aureus-colonized atopic eczema. Dermatology 1999: 199: 231-236.
45. Wilkinson J D. Fusidic acid in dermatology. Br J Dermatol 1998: 139 (S53): 37-40.
46. Turnidge J D. The pharmacodynamics of β-lactams. Clin Infect Dis 1998: 27: 10-22.
47. Graninger W, Wenisch C, Hasenhundl M. Treatment of staphylococcal infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1995: 8: S20-S28.
48. Kucers A. Isoxazolyl penicillins: oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin and flucloxaciflin. In: Kucers A, Crowe S M, Grayson M L, Hoy J F, eds. The Use of Antibiotics, 5th edn. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997: 90-101.
49. Paradisi F, Corti G, Messeri D. Antistaphylococcal (MSSA, MRSA, MSSE, MRSE) antibiotics. Med Clin North Am 2001: 85: 1-17.
50. Moreillon P. The efficacy of amoxycillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections. J Chemother 1994: 6 (Suppl. 2): 51-57.
51. Hau T. Efficacy and safety of linezolid in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002: 21: 491-498.
52. Bergogne-Berezin E. Resistance and new antibiotic strategies. New antistaphylococcal antibiotics. La Presse Médicale 2000: 29: 2025-2027.