메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 91, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 1457-1469

Cellular Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation: Model-Based Analysis of Activation and Inhibition

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN CELL; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; EFFERENT NERVE; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTRODE; HYPOTHESIS; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; NERVE CELL; NERVE FIBER; PERIKARYON; PRESYNAPTIC NERVE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THALAMOCORTICAL TRACT;

EID: 1542720540     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00989.2003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (669)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0037321031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of high-frequency stimulation in the internal globus pallidus on the activity of thalamic neurons in the awake monkey
    • Anderson ME, Postupna N, and Ruffo M. Effects of high-frequency stimulation in the internal globus pallidus on the activity of thalamic neurons in the awake monkey. J Neurophysiol 89: 1150-1160, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurophysiol , vol.89 , pp. 1150-1160
    • Anderson, M.E.1    Postupna, N.2    Ruffo, M.3
  • 2
    • 0345421266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the invasion of distal dendrites of thalamocortical neurones by action potentials and sensory EPSPs
    • Antal K, Emri Z, and Crunelli V. On the invasion of distal dendrites of thalamocortical neurones by action potentials and sensory EPSPs. Thalamus Rel Syst 1: 105-116, 2001.
    • (2001) Thalamus Rel Syst , vol.1 , pp. 105-116
    • Antal, K.1    Emri, Z.2    Crunelli, V.3
  • 3
    • 0015273224 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic elements in the red nucleus
    • Baldissera F, Lundberg A, and Udo M. Stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic elements in the red nucleus. Exp Brain Res 15: 151-167, 1972.
    • (1972) Exp Brain Res , vol.15 , pp. 151-167
    • Baldissera, F.1    Lundberg, A.2    Udo, M.3
  • 5
    • 0030053751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic electrical stimulation of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus as a treatment of movement disorders
    • Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gao D, Hoffmann D, Limousin P, Gay E, Payen I, and Benazzouz A. Chronic electrical stimulation of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus as a treatment of movement disorders. J Neurosurg 84: 203-214, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurosurg , vol.84 , pp. 203-214
    • Benabid, A.L.1    Pollak, P.2    Gao, D.3    Hoffmann, D.4    Limousin, P.5    Gay, E.6    Payen, I.7    Benazzouz, A.8
  • 6
    • 0034638263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on the neuronal activities of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus in the rat
    • Benazzouz A, Gao DM, Ni ZG, Piallat B, Bouali-Benazzouz R, and Benabid AL. Effect of high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on the neuronal activities of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus in the rat. Neuroscience 99: 289-295, 2000.
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.99 , pp. 289-295
    • Benazzouz, A.1    Gao, D.M.2    Ni, Z.G.3    Piallat, B.4    Bouali-Benazzouz, R.5    Benabid, A.L.6
  • 7
    • 0028908461 scopus 로고
    • Responses of substantia nigra pars reticulata and globus pallidus complex to high frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in rats: Electrophysiological data
    • Benazzouz A, Piallat B, Pollak P, and Benabid AL. Responses of substantia nigra pars reticulata and globus pallidus complex to high frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in rats: electrophysiological data. Neurosci Lett 189: 77-80, 1995.
    • (1995) Neurosci Lett , vol.189 , pp. 77-80
    • Benazzouz, A.1    Piallat, B.2    Pollak, P.3    Benabid, A.L.4
  • 8
    • 0013583334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological aspects of information processing in the basal ganglia of normal and parkinsonian primates
    • Bergman H, Feingold A, Nini A, Raz A, Slovin H, Abeles M, and Vaadia E. Physiological aspects of information processing in the basal ganglia of normal and parkinsonian primates, Trends Neurosci 21: 32-38, 1998.
    • (1998) Trends Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 32-38
    • Bergman, H.1    Feingold, A.2    Nini, A.3    Raz, A.4    Slovin, H.5    Abeles, M.6    Vaadia, E.7
  • 9
    • 0035065830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency stimulation produces a transient blockade of voltage-gated currents in subthalamic neurons
    • Beurrier C, Bioulac B, Audin J, and Hammond C. High-frequency stimulation produces a transient blockade of voltage-gated currents in subthalamic neurons. J Neurophysiol 85: 1351-1356, 2001.
    • (2001) J Neurophysiol , vol.85 , pp. 1351-1356
    • Beurrier, C.1    Bioulac, B.2    Audin, J.3    Hammond, C.4
  • 10
    • 0035865412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of epileptiform activity by high frequency sinusoidal fields in rat hippocampal slices
    • Bikson M, Lian J, Hahn PJ, Stacey WC, Sciortino C, and Durand DM. Suppression of epileptiform activity by high frequency sinusoidal fields in rat hippocampal slices. J Physiol 531: 181-191, 2001.
    • (2001) J Physiol , vol.531 , pp. 181-191
    • Bikson, M.1    Lian, J.2    Hahn, P.J.3    Stacey, W.C.4    Sciortino, C.5    Durand, D.M.6
  • 11
    • 0030606831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High frequency stimulation of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) simultaneously improves parkinsonian symptoms and reduces the firing frequency of GPi neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey
    • Boraud T, Bezard E, Bioulac B, and Gross C. High frequency stimulation of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) simultaneously improves parkinsonian symptoms and reduces the firing frequency of GPi neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey. Neurosci Lett 215: 17-20, 1996.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.215 , pp. 17-20
    • Boraud, T.1    Bezard, E.2    Bioulac, B.3    Gross, C.4
  • 12
    • 0002236344 scopus 로고
    • An efficient method for computing synaptic conductances based on a kinetic model of receptor binding
    • Destexhe A, Mainen ZF, and Sejnowski TJ. An efficient method for computing synaptic conductances based on a kinetic model of receptor binding. Neural Comput 6: 14-18, 1994a.
    • (1994) Neural Comput , vol.6 , pp. 14-18
    • Destexhe, A.1    Mainen, Z.F.2    Sejnowski, T.J.3
  • 13
    • 0028490340 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of models for excitable membranes, synaptic transmission and neuromodulation using a common kinetic formalism
    • Destexhe A, Mainen ZF, and Sejnowski TJ. Synthesis of models for excitable membranes, synaptic transmission and neuromodulation using a common kinetic formalism. J Comput Neurosci 1: 195-230, 1994b.
    • (1994) J Comput Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 195-230
    • Destexhe, A.1    Mainen, Z.F.2    Sejnowski, T.J.3
  • 14
    • 0032525259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic low-threshold calcium currents in thalamic relay cells
    • Destexhe A, Neubig M, Ulrich D, and Huguenard J. Dendritic low-threshold calcium currents in thalamic relay cells. J Neurosci 18: 3574-3588, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 3574-3588
    • Destexhe, A.1    Neubig, M.2    Ulrich, D.3    Huguenard, J.4
  • 17
    • 0036920324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation
    • Dostrovsky JO and Lozano AM. Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. Mov Disord 17(Suppl 3): 63-68, 2002.
    • (2002) Mov Disord , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 63-68
    • Dostrovsky, J.O.1    Lozano, A.M.2
  • 19
    • 0034034201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Backpropagation of the delta oscillation and the retinal excitatory postsynaptic potential in a multi-compartment model of thalamocortical neurons
    • Emri Z, Antal K, Toth TI, Cope DW, and Crunelli V. Backpropagation of the delta oscillation and the retinal excitatory postsynaptic potential in a multi-compartment model of thalamocortical neurons. Neuroscience 98: 111-127, 2000.
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.98 , pp. 111-127
    • Emri, Z.1    Antal, K.2    Toth, T.I.3    Cope, D.W.4    Crunelli, V.5
  • 21
    • 0032764454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the effects of electric fields on nerve fibers: Influence of tissue electrical properties
    • Grill WM. Modeling the effects of electric fields on nerve fibers: influence of tissue electrical properties. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 46: 918-928, 1999.
    • (1999) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.46 , pp. 918-928
    • Grill, W.M.1
  • 22
    • 0001427249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular excitation of central neurons: Implications for the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation
    • Grill WM and McIntyre CC. Extracellular excitation of central neurons: implications for the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. Thalamus Rel Syst 1: 269-277, 2001.
    • (2001) Thalamus Rel Syst , vol.1 , pp. 269-277
    • Grill, W.M.1    McIntyre, C.C.2
  • 23
    • 0034111610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in neurostimulation for movement disorders
    • Gross RE and Lozano AM. Advances in neurostimulation for movement disorders. Neurol Res 22: 247-258, 2000.
    • (2000) Neurol Res , vol.22 , pp. 247-258
    • Gross, R.E.1    Lozano, A.M.2
  • 24
    • 0017136590 scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect activation of nerve cells by electrical pulses applied extracellularly
    • Gustafsson B and Jankowska E. Direct and indirect activation of nerve cells by electrical pulses applied extracellularly. J Physiol 258: 33-61, 1976.
    • (1976) J Physiol , vol.258 , pp. 33-61
    • Gustafsson, B.1    Jankowska, E.2
  • 25
    • 0037338225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the tiring pattern of pallidal neurons
    • Hashimoto T, Elder CM, Okun MS, Patrick SK, and Vitek JL. Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the tiring pattern of pallidal neurons. J Nenrosci 23: 1916-1923, 2003.
    • (2003) J Nenrosci , vol.23 , pp. 1916-1923
    • Hashimoto, T.1    Elder, C.M.2    Okun, M.S.3    Patrick, S.K.4    Vitek, J.L.5
  • 27
    • 0031571202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NEURON simulation environment
    • Hines ML and Carnevale NT. The NEURON simulation environment. Neural Comput 9; 1179-209, 1997.
    • (1997) Neural Comput , vol.9 , pp. 1179-1209
    • Hines, M.L.1    Carnevale, N.T.2
  • 28
    • 0034508206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the target neuronal elements in electrical deep brain stimulation
    • Holsheimer J, Demeulemeester H, Nuttin B, and de Sutter P. Identification of the target neuronal elements in electrical deep brain stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 12: 4573-4577, 2000b.
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 4573-4577
    • Holsheimer, J.1    Demeulemeester, H.2    Nuttin, B.3    De Sutter, P.4
  • 30
    • 0026439195 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the currents involved in rhythmic oscillations in thalamic relay neurons
    • Huguenard JR and McCormick DA. Simulation of the currents involved in rhythmic oscillations in thalamic relay neurons. J Neurophysiol 68: 1373-1383, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1373-1383
    • Huguenard, J.R.1    McCormick, D.A.2
  • 31
    • 0021287169 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones: An in vitro study
    • Jahnsen H and Llinas R. Electrophysiological properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones: an in vitro study. J Physiol 349: 205-226, 1984.
    • (1984) J Physiol , vol.349 , pp. 205-226
    • Jahnsen, H.1    Llinas, R.2
  • 32
    • 0016736383 scopus 로고
    • The mode of activation of pyramidal tract cells by intracortical stimuli
    • Jankowska E, Padel Y, and Tanaka R. The mode of activation of pyramidal tract cells by intracortical stimuli. J Physiol 249: 617-636, 1975.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.249 , pp. 617-636
    • Jankowska, E.1    Padel, Y.2    Tanaka, R.3
  • 33
    • 0037008415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal response to local electrical stimulation in rat thalamus: Physiological implications for mechanisms of deep brain stimulation
    • Kiss ZH, Mooney DM, Renaud L, and Hu B. Neuronal response to local electrical stimulation in rat thalamus: physiological implications for mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. Neuroscience 113: 137-143, 2002.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.113 , pp. 137-143
    • Kiss, Z.H.1    Mooney, D.M.2    Renaud, L.3    Hu, B.4
  • 34
    • 0001349142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarization of spherical cells by non-uniform electric fields: Steady-state analysis
    • Lee DC and Grill WM. Polarization of spherical cells by non-uniform electric fields: steady-state analysis. Ann Biomed Eng 29: S128, 2001.
    • (2001) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.29
    • Lee, D.C.1    Grill, W.M.2
  • 35
    • 0037337088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local suppression of epileptiform activity by electrical stimulation in rat hippocampus in vitro
    • Lian J, Bikson M, Sciortino C, Stacey WC, and Durand DM. Local suppression of epileptiform activity by electrical stimulation in rat hippocampus in vitro. J Physiol 547: 427-434, 2003.
    • (2003) J Physiol , vol.547 , pp. 427-434
    • Lian, J.1    Bikson, M.2    Sciortino, C.3    Stacey, W.C.4    Durand, D.M.5
  • 36
    • 0242693208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous and evoked activity of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons during high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus
    • Maurice N, Thierry AM, Glowinski J, and Deniau JM. Spontaneous and evoked activity of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons during high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. J Neurosci 23: 9929-9936, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 9929-9936
    • Maurice, N.1    Thierry, A.M.2    Glowinski, J.3    Deniau, J.M.4
  • 37
    • 0026493664 scopus 로고
    • A model of the electrophysiological properties of thalamocortical relay neurons
    • McCormick DA and Huguenard JR. A model of the electrophysiological properties of thalamocortical relay neurons. J Neurophysiol 68: 1384-1400, 1992.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1384-1400
    • McCormick, D.A.1    Huguenard, J.R.2
  • 38
    • 0032990610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitation of central nervous system neurons by nonuniform electric fields
    • McIntyre CC and Grill WM. Excitation of central nervous system neurons by nonuniform electric fields. Biophys J 76: 878-888, 1999.
    • (1999) Biophys J , vol.76 , pp. 878-888
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Grill, W.M.2
  • 39
    • 0034744385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finite element analysis of the current-density and electric field generated by metal microelectrodes
    • McIntyre CC and Grill WM. Finite element analysis of the current-density and electric field generated by metal microelectrodes. Ann Biomed Eng 29: 227-235, 2001.
    • (2001) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.29 , pp. 227-235
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Grill, W.M.2
  • 40
    • 0036796864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular stimulation of central neurons: Influence of stimulus waveform and frequency on neuronal output
    • McIntyre CC and Grill WM. Extracellular stimulation of central neurons: influence of stimulus waveform and frequency on neuronal output. J Neurophysiol 88: 1592-1604, 2002.
    • (2002) J Neurophysiol , vol.88 , pp. 1592-1604
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Grill, W.M.2
  • 41
    • 0036090017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the excitability of mammalian nerve fibers: Influence of afterpotentials on the recovery cycle
    • McIntyre CC, Richardson AG, and Grill WM. Modeling the excitability of mammalian nerve fibers: influence of afterpotentials on the recovery cycle. J Neurophysiol 87: 995-1006, 2002.
    • (2002) J Neurophysiol , vol.87 , pp. 995-1006
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Richardson, A.G.2    Grill, W.M.3
  • 42
    • 0038302982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncovering the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease through functional imaging, neural recording, and neural modeling
    • McIntyre CC and Thakor NV. Uncovering the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease through functional imaging, neural recording, and neural modeling. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 30: 249-281, 2002.
    • (2002) Crit Rev Biomed Eng , vol.30 , pp. 249-281
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Thakor, N.V.2
  • 43
    • 0017103492 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a model for excitation of myelinated nerve
    • McNeal DR. Analysis of a model for excitation of myelinated nerve. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 23: 329-337, 1976.
    • (1976) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.23 , pp. 329-337
    • McNeal, D.R.1
  • 44
    • 0342804260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation and future technical developments
    • Montgomery EB and Baker KB. Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation and future technical developments. Neurol Res 22: 259-266, 2000.
    • (2000) Neurol Res , vol.22 , pp. 259-266
    • Montgomery, E.B.1    Baker, K.B.2
  • 45
    • 0031983880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axons, but not cell bodies, are activated by electrical stimulation in cortical gray matter. I. Evidence from chronaxic measurements
    • Nowak LG and Bullier J. Axons, but not cell bodies, are activated by electrical stimulation in cortical gray matter. I. Evidence from chronaxic measurements. Exp Brain Res 118: 477-488, 1998a.
    • (1998) Exp Brain Res , vol.118 , pp. 477-488
    • Nowak, L.G.1    Bullier, J.2
  • 46
    • 0031984469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axons, but not cell bodies, are activated by electrical stimulation in cortical gray matter. II. Evidence from selective inactivation of cell bodies and axon initial segments
    • Nowak LG and Bullier J. Axons, but not cell bodies, are activated by electrical stimulation in cortical gray matter. II. Evidence from selective inactivation of cell bodies and axon initial segments. Exp Brain Res 118: 489-500, 1998b.
    • (1998) Exp Brain Res , vol.118 , pp. 489-500
    • Nowak, L.G.1    Bullier, J.2
  • 47
    • 0035960120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease
    • Obeso JA, Olanow CW, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Krack P, Kumar R, and Lang AE. Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 345: 956-963, 2001.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 956-963
    • Obeso, J.A.1    Olanow, C.W.2    Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.3    Krack, P.4    Kumar, R.5    Lang, A.E.6
  • 48
    • 12244294469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tremor response to polarity, voltage, pulsewidth and frequency of thalamic stimulation
    • O'Suilleabhain PE, Frawley W, Giller C, and Dewey RB Jr. Tremor response to polarity, voltage, pulsewidth and frequency of thalamic stimulation. Neurology 60: 786-790, 2003.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 786-790
    • O'Suilleabhain, P.E.1    Frawley, W.2    Giller, C.3    Dewey Jr., R.B.4
  • 49
    • 0029162160 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of interneurons in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Pape HC and McCormick DA. Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of interneurons in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuroscience 68: 1105-1125, 1995.
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.68 , pp. 1105-1125
    • Pape, H.C.1    McCormick, D.A.2
  • 50
    • 0014188995 scopus 로고
    • Consideration of quasi-stationarity in electophysiological systems
    • Plonsey R and Heppner DB. Consideration of quasi-stationarity in electophysiological systems. Bull Math Biophys 29: 657-664, 1967.
    • (1967) Bull Math Biophys , vol.29 , pp. 657-664
    • Plonsey, R.1    Heppner, D.B.2
  • 51
    • 0022929737 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of models for external stimulation of axons
    • Rattay F. Analysis of models for external stimulation of axons. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 33: 974-977, 1986.
    • (1986) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.33 , pp. 974-977
    • Rattay, F.1
  • 52
    • 0033103846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basic mechanism for the electrical stimulation of the nervous system
    • Rattay F. The basic mechanism for the electrical stimulation of the nervous system. Neuroscienec 89: 335-346, 1999.
    • (1999) Neuroscienec , vol.89 , pp. 335-346
    • Rattay, F.1
  • 53
    • 1242288415 scopus 로고
    • Impedance and current density studies
    • edited by Sances A and Larson SJ. New York: Academic Press
    • Sances A and Larson SJ. Impedance and current density studies. In: Electroanesthesia: Biomedical and Biophysical Studies, edited by Sances A and Larson SJ. New York: Academic Press. 1975. p. 114-124.
    • (1975) Electroanesthesia: Biomedical and Biophysical Studies , pp. 114-124
    • Sances, A.1    Larson, S.J.2
  • 54
    • 0030777859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial electron microscopic reconstruction of axon terminals on physiologically identified thalamocortical neurons in the cat ventral lateral nucleus
    • Sato F, Nakamura Y, and Shinoda Y. Serial electron microscopic reconstruction of axon terminals on physiologically identified thalamocortical neurons in the cat ventral lateral nucleus. J Comp Neurol 388: 613-631, 1997.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.388 , pp. 613-631
    • Sato, F.1    Nakamura, Y.2    Shinoda, Y.3
  • 55
    • 0014286792 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative study of temporal and spatial response patterns in a thalamic cell population electrically stimulated
    • Schlag J and Villablanca J. A quantitative study of temporal and spatial response patterns in a thalamic cell population electrically stimulated. Brain Res 8: 255-270, 1968.
    • (1968) Brain Res , vol.8 , pp. 255-270
    • Schlag, J.1    Villablanca, J.2
  • 56
    • 0141767225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical activation patterns evoked by afferent axons stimuli at different fi-equencies: An in vitro voltage-sensitive dye imaging study
    • Urbano FJ, Leznik E, and Llinas RR. Cortical activation patterns evoked by afferent axons stimuli at different fi-equencies: an in vitro voltage-sensitive dye imaging study. Thalamus Rel Syst 1: 371-378, 2002.
    • (2002) Thalamus Rel Syst , vol.1 , pp. 371-378
    • Urbano, F.J.1    Leznik, E.2    Llinas, R.R.3
  • 57
    • 0036925171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation: Excitation or inhibition
    • Vitek JL. Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation: excitation or inhibition. Mov Disord 17(Suppl 3): 69-72, 2002.
    • (2002) Mov Disord , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 69-72
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 58
    • 0036930380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to the programming of deep brain stimulators
    • Volkmann J, Herzog J, Kopper F, and Deuschl G. Introduction to the programming of deep brain stimulators. Mov Disord 17(Suppl 3): 181-187, 2002.
    • (2002) Mov Disord , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 181-187
    • Volkmann, J.1    Herzog, J.2    Kopper, F.3    Deuschl, G.4
  • 59
    • 0032560828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency firing helps replenish the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles
    • Wang LY and Kaczmarek LK. High-frequency firing helps replenish the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles. Nature 394: 384-388, 1998.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.394 , pp. 384-388
    • Wang, L.Y.1    Kaczmarek, L.K.2
  • 60
    • 0034652230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Action potential backpropagation and somatodendritic distribution of ion channels in thalamocortical neurons
    • Williams SR and Stuart GJ. Action potential backpropagation and somatodendritic distribution of ion channels in thalamocortical neurons. J Neurosci 20: 1307-1317, 2000.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 1307-1317
    • Williams, S.R.1    Stuart, G.J.2
  • 61
    • 0037446111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the frequency parameter on extracellular glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in substantia nigra and globus pallidus during electrical stimulation of subthalamic nucleus in rats
    • Windels F, Bruet N, Poupard A, Feuerstein C, Bertrand A, and Savasta M. Influence of the frequency parameter on extracellular glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in substantia nigra and globus pallidus during electrical stimulation of subthalamic nucleus in rats. J Neurosci Res 72: 259-267, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurosci Res , vol.72 , pp. 259-267
    • Windels, F.1    Bruet, N.2    Poupard, A.3    Feuerstein, C.4    Bertrand, A.5    Savasta, M.6
  • 62
    • 0033773734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus on extracellular glutamate and GABA in substantia nigra and globus pallidus in the normal rat
    • Windels F, Bruet N, Poupard A, Urbain N, Chouvet G, Feuerstein C, and Savasta M. Effects of high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus on extracellular glutamate and GABA in substantia nigra and globus pallidus in the normal rat. Eur J Neurosci 12: 4141-4146, 2000.
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 4141-4146
    • Windels, F.1    Bruet, N.2    Poupard, A.3    Urbain, N.4    Chouvet, G.5    Feuerstein, C.6    Savasta, M.7
  • 63
    • 0036201201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term synaptic plasticity
    • Zucker RS and Regehr WG. Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu Rev Physiol 64: 355-405, 2002.
    • (2002) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.64 , pp. 355-405
    • Zucker, R.S.1    Regehr, W.G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.