Measurement of substrate oxidation during exercise by means of gas exchange measurements

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Supplement

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2005, Pages

  Jeukendrup, A E ^a   Wallis, G A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Fat metabolism; Indirect calorimetry; Stoichiometry

Indexed keywords

BICARBONATE; CARBOHYDRATE; GLUCOSE; GLYCOGEN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; CALORIMETRY; DIET; EXERCISE; FATTY ACID OXIDATION; FEMALE; GAS EXCHANGE; GENDER; GLUCOSE OXIDATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MALE; MEASUREMENT; METABOLISM; OXIDATION; REVIEW; TECHNIQUE; TRAINING;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; CALORIMETRY, INDIRECT; EXERCISE; GLUCONEOGENESIS; HUMANS; LIPIDS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE;

EID: 14244250916     PISSN: 0943917X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-830512     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. Acheson K, Shutz Y, Bessard T, Anantharaman K, Flatt J, Jequier E. Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 48: 240-247
2. Acheson KJ, Flatt JP, Jequier E. Glycogen synthesis versus lipogenesis after a 500g carbohydrate meal in man. Metabolism 1982; 31; 1234-1240
3. Achten J, Gleeson M, Jeukendrup AE. Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34:92-97
4. Achten J, Jeukendrup AE. The effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate feedings on the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation. J Sports Sci 2003; 21: 1017-1024
5. Achten J, Jeukendrup AE. Effects of pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses during subsequent exercise at differing intensities. Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 88: 466-471
6. Achten J, Jeukendrup AE. Maximal fat oxidation during exercise in trained men. Int J Sports Med 2003; 24: 603-608
7. Achten J, Venables MC, Jeukendrup AE. Fat oxidation rates are higher during running compared with cycling over a wide range of intensities. Metabolism 2003; 52: 747-752
8. Ahlborg G, Felig P, Hagenfeldt L, Hendler R, Wahren J. Substrate turnover during prolonged exercise in man. J Clin Invest 1974; 53: 1080-1090
9. Atwater WO, Benedict FG. A Respiration Calorimeter with Appliances for the Direct Determination of Oxygen. Washington DC: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1905
10. Atwater WO, Rosa EB. Description of neo respiration calorimeter and experiments on the conservation of energy in the human body. Off Exp Sta Bull 1899: 63
11. Bergman BC, Brooks GA. Respiratory gas-exchange ratios during graded exercise in fed and fasted trained and untrained men. J Appl Physiol 1999; 86: 479-487
12. Bergman BC, Horning MA, Casazza GA, Wolfel EE, Butterfield GE, Brooks GA. Endurance training increases gluconeogenesis during rest and exercise in men. Am J Physiol 2000; 278: 244-251
13. Berrie EM, Hirsch J, Most J, McNamara DJ, Thornton J. The relationship of dietary fat to plasma lipid levels as studied by factor analysis of adipose tissue fatty acid composition in free-living middle-aged American men. Am J Clin Nutr 1986; 44: 220-231
14. Breeder CE, Brenner M, Hofman Z, Paijmans IJ, Thomas EL, Wilmore JH. The metabolic consequences of low and moderate intensity exercise with or without feeding in lean and borderline obese males. Int J Obes 1991; 15: 95-104
15. Brouwer E. On simple formulae for calculating the heat expenditure and the quantities of carbohydrate and fat oxidized in metabolism of men and animals, from gaseous exchange. (Oxygen and carbonic acid output) and urine-N. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Neerl 1957; 6: 795-802
16. Carter J, Jeukendrup AE. Validity and reliability of three commercially available breath-by-breath respiratory systems. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 86: 435-441
17. Christensen EH. Der Stoffwechsel und die respiratorischen Funktionen bei schwerer körperlicher Arbeit. Skand Arch Physiol 1932; 81: 160-171
18. Christensen EH, Hansen O. Arbeitsfähigkeit und Ernährung. Scand Arch Physiol 1939; 81: 160-171
19. Christie WW, Moore JH, Lorimer AR, Lawrie TD. The structures of triglycerides from atherosclerotic plaques and other human tissues. Lipids 1971; 6: 854-856
20. Consolazio CF, Johnson RE, Pecora LJ. Physiological Measurements of Metabolic Functions in Man. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963: 313-339
21. Edwards HT, Margaria R, Dill DB. Metabolic rate, blood sugar and the utilization of carbohydrate. Am J Physiol 1934; 108: 203-209
22. Ferrannini E. The theoretical bases of indirect calorimetry: a review. Metabolism 1988; 37: 287-301
23. Flatt J-P. The biochemistry of energy expenditure. In: Bray GA (ed). Recent Advances in Obesity Research. London: Newman, 1978: 211-228
24. Frayn KN. Calculation of substrate oxidation rates in vivo from gaseous exchange. J Appl Physiol 1983; 55: 628-634
25. Friedlander A, Casazza G, Horning M, Buddinger T, Brooks GA. Effects of exercise intensity and training on lipid metabolism in young women. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: 853-863
26. Friedlander AL, Casazza GA, Horning MA, Huie MJ, Piacentini MF, Trimmer JK, Brooks GA. Training-induced alterations of carbohydrate metabolism in women: women respond differently from men. J Appl Physiol 1998; 85: 1175-1186
27. Friedlander AL, Casazza GA, Horning MA, Usaj A, Brooks GA. Endurance training increases fatty acid turnover, but not fat oxidation, in young men. J Appl Physiol 1999; 86: 2097-2105
28. Goedecke JH, St Clair Gibson A, Grobler L, Collins M, Noakes TD, Lambert EV. Determinants of the variability in respiratory exchange ratio at rest and during exercise in trained athletes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2000; 279: 1325-1334
29. 2max calibrator for open-circuit indirect calorimetry systems. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997; 29: 1095-1103
30. (2) in athletes compared with an automated Douglas bag system. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1341-1347
31. Hurley BF, Nemeth PM, Martin III WH, Hagberg JM, Dalsky GP, Holloszy JO. Muscle triglyceride utilization during exercise: effect of training. J Appl Physiol 1986; 60: 562-567
32. Insull W Jr, Bartsch GE. Fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue related to age, sex, and race. Am J Clin Nutr 1967; 20: 13-23
33. Jansson E, Kaijser L. Substrate utilization and enzymes in skeletal muscle of extremely endurance-trained men. J Appl Physiol 1987; 62: 999-1005
34. Jeukendrup AE. Regulation of fat metabolism in skeletal muscle. Ann NY Acad Sci 2002; 967: 217-235
35. Jeukendrup AE. Modulation of carbohydrate and fat utilization by diet, exercise and environment. Biochem Soc Trans 2003; 31: 1270-1273
36. Jeukendrup AE, Achten J. Fatmax: A new concept to optimize fat oxidation during exercise? Eur J Sport Sci 2001; 1: 1-5
37. Jeukendrup AE, Saris WHM, Wagenmakers AJM. Fat metabolism during exercise: a review. Part I: Fatty acid mobilization and muscle metabolism. Int J Sports Med 1998; 19: 231-244
38. Jeukendrup AE, Saris WHM, Wagenmakers AJM. Fat metabolism during exercise: a review. Part II: Regulation of metabolism and the effects of training. Int J Sports Med 1998; 20: 293-301
39. Jeukendrup AE, Saris WHM, Wagenmakers AJM. Fat metabolism during exercise: a review. Part III: Effects of nutritional interventions. Int J Sports Med 1998; 19: 371-379
40. Jungas RL, Halperin ML, Brosnan JT. Quantitative analysis of amino acid oxidation and related gluconeogenesis in humans. Physiol Rev 1992; 72: 419-448
41. Kelley DE. Goodpaster BH. Skeletal muscle triglyceride. An aspect of regional adiposity and insulin resistance. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 933-941
42. King GA, McLaughlin JE, Howley ET, Bassett DR Jr, Ainsworth BE. Validation of Aerosport KB1-C portable metabolic system. Int J Sports Med 1999; 20: 304-308
43. Koffranyi E, Michaelis HF. Ein tragbarer Apparat zur Bestimmung des Gasstoffwechsels. Arbeitsphysiologie 1940; 11: 148-155
44. Koivisto V, Hendler R, Nadel E, Felig P. Influence of physical training on the fuel-hormone response to prolonged low intensity exercise. Metabolism 1982; 31: 192-197
45. Krogh A, Lindhard J. The relative value of fat and carbohydrate as sources of muscular energy. Bioch J 1920; 14: 290-363
46. Lavoie C, Ducros F, Bourque J, Langelier H, Chiasson J-L. Glucose metabolism during exercise in man: the role of insulin and glucagon in the regulation of hepatic glucose production and gluconeogensis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997; 75: 26-35
47. Lemon PW, Mullin JP. Effect of initial muscle glycogen levels on protein catabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1980; 48: 624-629
48. Lusk G. Animal calorimetry. Analysis of the oxidation of mixtures of carbohydrate and fat. J Biol Chem 1924; 59: 41-42
49. Lusk G. The Elements of the Science of Nutrition. Philadelphia, London: W. B. Saunders, 1928
50. Martin III WH, Dalsky GP, Hurley BF, Matthews DE, Bier DM, Hagberg JM, Rogers MA, King DS, Holloszy JO. Effect of endurance training on plasma free fatty acid turnover and oxidation during exercise. Am J Physiol 1993; 265: 708-714
51. 2 portable metabolic system. Int J Sports Med 2001; 22: 280-284
52. Péronnet F, Massicotte D. Table of nonprotein respiratory quotient: An update. Can J Sport Sci 1991; 16: 23-29
53. Rietjens GJ, Kuipers H, Kester AD, Keizer HA. Validation of a computerized metabolic measurement system (Oxycon-Pro) during low and high intensity exercise. Int J Sports Med 2001; 22: 291-294
54. Romijn JA, Coyle EF, Hibbert J, Wolfe RR. Comparison of indirect calorimetry and a new breath 13 C/12 C method during strenuous exercise. Am J Physiol 1992; 263: 64-71
55. Romijn JA, Coyle EF, Sidossis LS, Gastaldelli A, Horowitz JF, Endert E, Wolfe RR. Regulation of endogenous fat and carbohydrate metabolism in relation to exercise intensity. Am J Physiol 1993; 265: 380-391
56. Romijn JA, Coyle EF, Sidossis LS, Rosenblatt J, Wolfe RR. Substrate metabolism during different exercise intensities in endurance-trained women. J Appl Physiol 2000; 88: 1707-1714
57. Rowlands DS, Jeukendrup AE. Fat-Oxidation during Exercise: Comparison of RER vs. 13 C-Glycogen Enrichment Method. Clermont Ferrand: Congress Presentation European College of Sport Science, 2004
58. Schulz H, Helle S, Heck H. The validity of the telemetric system CORTEX X1 in the ventilatory and gas exchange measurement during exercise. Int J Sports Med 1997; 18: 454-457
59. Spriet LL. Regulation of skeletal muscle fat oxidation during exercise in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34: 1477-1484
60. Trimmer JK, Schwarz JM, Casazza GA, Horning MA, Rodriguez N, Brooks GA. Measurement of gluconeogenesis in exercising men by mass isotopomer distribution analysis. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 233-241
61. Van Aggel-Leijssen DP, Saris WH, Hul GB, Van Baak MA. Long-term effects of low-intensity exercise training on fat metabolism in weight-reduced obese men. Metabolism 2002; 51: 1003-1010
62. van Loon LJ, Greenhaff PL, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ. The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans. J Physiol 2001; 536: 295-304
63. Venables MC, Achten J, Jeukendrup AE. Determinants of fat oxidation during exercise in healthy men and women: A cross-sectional study. J Appl Physiol 2004 (August 27, 2004). DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00662.2003
64. Wagenmakers AJ. Protein and amino acid metabolism in human muscle. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 441: 307-319
65. Wagenmakers AJM, Beckers EJ, Brouns F, Kuipers H, Soeters PB, van der Vusse GJ, Saris WHM. Carbohydrate supplementation, glycogen depletion, and amino acid metabolism during exercise. Am J Physiol 1991; 260: 883-890
66. Wagenmakers AJM, Brookes JH, Coakley JH, Reilly T, Edwards RHT. Exercise-induced activation of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase in human muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 1989; 59: 159-167
67. Wideman L, Stoudemire NM, Pass KA, McGinnes CL, Gaesser GA, Weltman A. Assessment of the aerosport TEEM 100 portable metabolic measurement system. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 509-515
68. Wilmore DW. The Metabolic Management of the Critically Ill. New York: Plenum, 1977
69. Wilmore JH, Davis JA, Norton AC. An automated system for assessing metabolic and respiratory function during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1976; 40: 619-624
70. Zuntz N. Über die Rolle des Zuckers im tierischen Stoffwechsel. Arch Physiol 1896: 538-577
71. Zurlo F, Lillioja S, Esposito-Del Puente A, Nyomba BL, Raz I, Saad MF, Swinburn BA, Knowler WC, Bogardus C, Ravussin E. Low ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation as predictor of weight gain: study of 24-h RQ. Am J Physiol 1990; 259: 650-657