메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 160, Issue 1-2, 2005, Pages 210-218

Characterization of microglia induced from mouse embryonic stem cells and their migration into the brain parenchyma

Author keywords

Central nervous system (CNS); Differentiation; ES cells; Microglia

Indexed keywords

B7 ANTIGEN; CD40 ANTIGEN; CD86 ANTIGEN; GAMMA INTERFERON RECEPTOR; GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2;

EID: 13844292402     PISSN: 01655728     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.10.025     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0025162755 scopus 로고
    • Brain microglia constitutively express bata-2 integrins
    • H. Akiyama, and P.L. McGeer Brain microglia constitutively express bata-2 integrins J. Neuroimmunol. 30 1990 81 93
    • (1990) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.30 , pp. 81-93
    • Akiyama, H.1    McGeer, P.L.2
  • 2
    • 0035152836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune function of microglia
    • F. Aloisi Immune function of microglia Glia 36 2001 165 179
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 165-179
    • Aloisi, F.1
  • 3
    • 0032524997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia are more efficient than astrocytes in antigen processing and in Th1 but not Th2 cell activation
    • F. Aloisi, F. Ria, G. Penna, and L. Adorini Microglia are more efficient than astrocytes in antigen processing and in Th1 but not Th2 cell activation J. Immunol. 160 1998 4671 4680
    • (1998) J. Immunol. , vol.160 , pp. 4671-4680
    • Aloisi, F.1    Ria, F.2    Penna, G.3    Adorini, L.4
  • 4
    • 0034651767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional maturation of adult mouse resting microglia into an APC is promoted by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interaction with Th1 cells
    • F. Aloisi, R. De Simone, S. Columba-Cabezas, G. Penna, and L. Adorini Functional maturation of adult mouse resting microglia into an APC is promoted by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interaction with Th1 cells J. Immunol. 164 2000 1705 1712
    • (2000) J. Immunol. , vol.164 , pp. 1705-1712
    • Aloisi, F.1    De Simone, R.2    Columba-Cabezas, S.3    Penna, G.4    Adorini, L.5
  • 5
    • 0031952226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporospatial relationships between macroglia and microglia during in vitro differentiation of murine stem cells
    • D.N. Angelov, S. Arnhold, C. Andressen, H. Grabsch, M. Puschmann, J. Hescheler, and K. Addicks Temporospatial relationships between macroglia and microglia during in vitro differentiation of murine stem cells Dev. Neurosci. 20 1998 42 51
    • (1998) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 42-51
    • Angelov, D.N.1    Arnhold, S.2    Andressen, C.3    Grabsch, H.4    Puschmann, M.5    Hescheler, J.6    Addicks, K.7
  • 8
    • 0028231281 scopus 로고
    • Detection of MHC class II-antigens on macrophages and microglia, but not on astrocytes and endothelia in active multiple sclerosis lesions
    • L. Bo, S. Mork, P.A. Kong, H. Nyland, C.A. Pardo, and B.D. Trapp Detection of MHC class II-antigens on macrophages and microglia, but not on astrocytes and endothelia in active multiple sclerosis lesions J. Neuroimmunol. 51 1994 135 146
    • (1994) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.51 , pp. 135-146
    • Bo, L.1    Mork, S.2    Kong, P.A.3    Nyland, H.4    Pardo, C.A.5    Trapp, B.D.6
  • 9
    • 0028176793 scopus 로고
    • Induction of interleukin-1 beta mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat
    • M. Buttini, A. Sauter, and H.W. Boddeke Induction of interleukin-1 beta mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat Brain Res. 23 1994 126 134
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.23 , pp. 126-134
    • Buttini, M.1    Sauter, A.2    Boddeke, H.W.3
  • 10
    • 0028941871 scopus 로고
    • The adhesion molecule and cytokine profile of multiple sclerosis lesions
    • B. Cannella, and C.S. Rain The adhesion molecule and cytokine profile of multiple sclerosis lesions Ann. Neurol. 37 1995 424 435
    • (1995) Ann. Neurol. , vol.37 , pp. 424-435
    • Cannella, B.1    Rain, C.S.2
  • 11
    • 0027970495 scopus 로고
    • Microglial cells qualify as the stimulators of unprimed CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the central nervous system
    • E. Cash, and O. Rott Microglial cells qualify as the stimulators of unprimed CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the central nervous system Clin. Exp. Immunol. 98 1994 313 318
    • (1994) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.98 , pp. 313-318
    • Cash, E.1    Rott, O.2
  • 14
    • 0027354484 scopus 로고
    • Microglia and cytokines in neurological diseases, with special reference to AIDS and Alzheimer's disease
    • D.W. Dickson, S.C. Lee, L.A. Mattiace, S.C. Yen, and C. Brosnan Microglia and cytokines in neurological diseases, with special reference to AIDS and Alzheimer's disease Glia 7 1993 75 83
    • (1993) Glia , vol.7 , pp. 75-83
    • Dickson, D.W.1    Lee, S.C.2    Mattiace, L.A.3    Yen, S.C.4    Brosnan, C.5
  • 15
    • 0033199996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathobiology of ischemic stroke: An integrated view
    • U. Dirnagl, C. Iadecola, and M.A. Moskowitz Pathobiology of ischemic stroke: an integrated view Trends Neurosci. 22 1999 391 397
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 391-397
    • Dirnagl, U.1    Iadecola, C.2    Moskowitz, M.A.3
  • 16
    • 0021891053 scopus 로고
    • The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: Formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium
    • T.C. Doetschman, H. Eistetter, M. Katz, W. Schmidt, and R. Kemler The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 87 1985 27 45
    • (1985) J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. , vol.87 , pp. 27-45
    • Doetschman, T.C.1    Eistetter, H.2    Katz, M.3    Schmidt, W.4    Kemler, R.5
  • 17
    • 0027473452 scopus 로고
    • Lymphocytic infiltrates in the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • J.I. Engelhardt, J. Tajti, and S.H. Appel Lymphocytic infiltrates in the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Arch. Neurol. 50 1993 30 36
    • (1993) Arch. Neurol. , vol.50 , pp. 30-36
    • Engelhardt, J.I.1    Tajti, J.2    Appel, S.H.3
  • 18
    • 0034712047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian neural stem cells
    • F.H. Gage Mammalian neural stem cells Science 287 2000 1433 1438
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1433-1438
    • Gage, F.H.1
  • 19
    • 0024255828 scopus 로고
    • Axotomy of the rat facial nerve leads to increased CR3 complement receptor expression by activated microglial cells
    • M.B. Graeber, W.J. Streit, and G.W. Kreutzberg Axotomy of the rat facial nerve leads to increased CR3 complement receptor expression by activated microglial cells J. Neurosci. Res. 21 1988 18 24
    • (1988) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 18-24
    • Graeber, M.B.1    Streit, W.J.2    Kreutzberg, G.W.3
  • 20
    • 0033976487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia and macrophages are the major source of tumor necrosis factor in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice
    • R. Gregersen, K. Lambertsen, and B. Finsen Microglia and macrophages are the major source of tumor necrosis factor in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 20 2000 53 65
    • (2000) J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. , vol.20 , pp. 53-65
    • Gregersen, R.1    Lambertsen, K.2    Finsen, B.3
  • 22
    • 0023740006 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of microglia isolated from adult human and rat brain
    • G.M. Hayes, M.N. Woodroofe, and M.L. Cuzner Characterisation of microglia isolated from adult human and rat brain J. Neuroimmunol. 19 1988 177 189
    • (1988) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.19 , pp. 177-189
    • Hayes, G.M.1    Woodroofe, M.N.2    Cuzner, M.L.3
  • 25
    • 0029051259 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 is present in early stages of plaque formation and is restricted to the branis of Alzheimer's disease patients
    • M. Huell, S. Strauss, B. Volk, M. Berger, and J. Bauer Interleukin-6 is present in early stages of plaque formation and is restricted to the branis of Alzheimer's disease patients Acta Neuropathol. 89 1995 544 551
    • (1995) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.89 , pp. 544-551
    • Huell, M.1    Strauss, S.2    Volk, B.3    Berger, M.4    Bauer, J.5
  • 27
    • 0023772808 scopus 로고
    • Presence of T-cytotoxic suppressor and leukocyte common antigen-positive cells in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue
    • S. Itagaki, P.L. McGeer, and H. Akiyama Presence of T-cytotoxic suppressor and leukocyte common antigen-positive cells in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue Neurosci. Lett. 91 1988 259 264
    • (1988) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.91 , pp. 259-264
    • Itagaki, S.1    McGeer, P.L.2    Akiyama, H.3
  • 28
    • 0028340459 scopus 로고
    • Expression of complement C1qB and C4 mRNAs during rat brain development
    • S.A. Johnson, G.M. Pasinetti, and C.E. Finch Expression of complement C1qB and C4 mRNAs during rat brain development Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 80 1994 163 174
    • (1994) Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. , vol.80 , pp. 163-174
    • Johnson, S.A.1    Pasinetti, G.M.2    Finch, C.E.3
  • 29
    • 0027372206 scopus 로고
    • The immunopathology of Alzheimer's disease and some related disorders
    • R.N. Kalaria The immunopathology of Alzheimer's disease and some related disorders Brain Pathol. 3 1993 333 347
    • (1993) Brain Pathol. , vol.3 , pp. 333-347
    • Kalaria, R.N.1
  • 30
    • 0026605961 scopus 로고
    • Immunologic reactions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain and spinal cord
    • T. Kawamata, H. Akiyama, T. Yamada, and P.L. McGeer Immunologic reactions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain and spinal cord Am. J. Pathol. 140 1992 691 707
    • (1992) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.140 , pp. 691-707
    • Kawamata, T.1    Akiyama, H.2    Yamada, T.3    McGeer, P.L.4
  • 31
    • 0028329894 scopus 로고
    • Cells expressing human glucocerebrosidase from a retroviral vector repopulate macrophages and central nervous system microglia after murine bone marrow transplantation
    • W.J. Krall, P.M. Challita, L.S. Perlmutter, D.C. Skelton, and D.B. Kohn Cells expressing human glucocerebrosidase from a retroviral vector repopulate macrophages and central nervous system microglia after murine bone marrow transplantation Blood 83 1994 2737 2748
    • (1994) Blood , vol.83 , pp. 2737-2748
    • Krall, W.J.1    Challita, P.M.2    Perlmutter, L.S.3    Skelton, D.C.4    Kohn, D.B.5
  • 32
    • 0030222037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia: A sensor for pathological events in the CNS
    • G.W. Kreutzberg Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS Trends Neurosci. 19 1996 312 318
    • (1996) Trends Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 312-318
    • Kreutzberg, G.W.1
  • 34
    • 0034044317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient generation of midbrain and hindbrain neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells
    • S.H. Lee, N. Lumelsky, L. Studer, J.M. Auerbach, and R.D. McKay Efficient generation of midbrain and hindbrain neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells Nat. Biotechnol. 18 2000 31 40
    • (2000) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.18 , pp. 31-40
    • Lee, S.H.1    Lumelsky, N.2    Studer, L.3    Auerbach, J.M.4    McKay, R.D.5
  • 35
    • 0036644961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine receptors in human microglia
    • Y.B. Lee, A. Nagai, and S.U. Kim Cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine receptors in human microglia J. Neurosci. Res. 69 2002 94 103
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 94-103
    • Lee, Y.B.1    Nagai, A.2    Kim, S.U.3
  • 36
    • 0029948229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia-derived macrophages in early multiple sclerosis plaques
    • H. Li, M.L. Cuzner, and J. Newcombe Microglia-derived macrophages in early multiple sclerosis plaques Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 22 1996 207 215
    • (1996) Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. , vol.22 , pp. 207-215
    • Li, H.1    Cuzner, M.L.2    Newcombe, J.3
  • 39
    • 0032529205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFNs are critical regulators of IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-1 expression in human microglia
    • J.S. Liu, T.D. Amaral, C.F. Brosnan, and S.C. Lee IFNs are critical regulators of IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-1 expression in human microglia J. Immunol. 161 1998 1989 1996
    • (1998) J. Immunol. , vol.161 , pp. 1989-1996
    • Liu, J.S.1    Amaral, T.D.2    Brosnan, C.F.3    Lee, S.C.4
  • 40
    • 0142258022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia are activated to become competent antigen presenting and effector cells in the inflammatory environment of the Theiler's virus model of multiple sclerosis
    • C.L. Mack, C.L. Vanderlugt-Castaneda, K.L. Neville, and S.D. Miller Microglia are activated to become competent antigen presenting and effector cells in the inflammatory environment of the Theiler's virus model of multiple sclerosis J. Neuroimmunol. 144 2003 68 79
    • (2003) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.144 , pp. 68-79
    • MacK, C.L.1    Vanderlugt-Castaneda, C.L.2    Neville, K.L.3    Miller, S.D.4
  • 41
    • 0023782375 scopus 로고
    • Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease
    • P.L. McGeer, S. Itagaki, and E.G. McGeer Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease Acta Neuropathol. 76 1988 550 557
    • (1988) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.76 , pp. 550-557
    • McGeer, P.L.1    Itagaki, S.2    McGeer, E.G.3
  • 43
    • 0242268945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunotherapeutic approaches to Alzheimer's disease
    • A. Monsonego, and H.L. Weiner Immunotherapeutic approaches to Alzheimer's disease Science 302 2003 834 838
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 834-838
    • Monsonego, A.1    Weiner, H.L.2
  • 44
    • 0041428141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia-mediated nitric oxide cytotoxicity of T cells following amyloid beta-peptide presentation to Th1 cells
    • A. Monsonego, J. Imitola, V. Zota, T. Oida, and H.L. Weiner Microglia-mediated nitric oxide cytotoxicity of T cells following amyloid beta-peptide presentation to Th1 cells J. Immunol. 171 2003 2216 2224
    • (2003) J. Immunol. , vol.171 , pp. 2216-2224
    • Monsonego, A.1    Imitola, J.2    Zota, V.3    Oida, T.4    Weiner, H.L.5
  • 45
    • 0026511491 scopus 로고
    • Progressive expression of immunomolecules on microglial cells in rat dorsal hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia
    • T. Morioka, A.N. Kalehua, and W.J. Streit Progressive expression of immunomolecules on microglial cells in rat dorsal hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia Acta Neuropathol. (Berl) 83 1992 149 157
    • (1992) Acta Neuropathol. (Berl) , vol.83 , pp. 149-157
    • Morioka, T.1    Kalehua, A.N.2    Streit, W.J.3
  • 46
    • 0035149257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of glial immune function by neurons
    • H. Neuman Control of glial immune function by neurons Glia 36 2001 191 199
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 191-199
    • Neuman, H.1
  • 47
    • 0032510798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophins inhibit major histocompatibility class II inducibility of microglia: Involvement of the p75 neurotrophin receptor
    • H. Neumann, T. Misgeld, K. Matsumuro, and H. Wekerle Neurotrophins inhibit major histocompatibility class II inducibility of microglia: involvement of the p75 neurotrophin receptor Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95 1998 5779 5784
    • (1998) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.95 , pp. 5779-5784
    • Neumann, H.1    Misgeld, T.2    Matsumuro, K.3    Wekerle, H.4
  • 48
    • 0033824729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of Iba1 in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis of macrophages/microglia
    • K. Ohsawa, Y. Imai, H. Kanazawa, Y. Sasaki, and S. Kohsaka Involvement of Iba1 in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis of macrophages/microglia J. Cell. Sci. 113 2000 3073 3084
    • (2000) J. Cell. Sci. , vol.113 , pp. 3073-3084
    • Ohsawa, K.1    Imai, Y.2    Kanazawa, H.3    Sasaki, Y.4    Kohsaka, S.5
  • 49
    • 0033533419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migration of exogenous immature hematopoietic cells into adult mouse brain parenchyma undar GFP-expressing born marrow chimera
    • K. Ono, T. Takii, K. Onozaki, M. Ikawa, M. Okabe, and M. Sawada Migration of exogenous immature hematopoietic cells into adult mouse brain parenchyma undar GFP-expressing born marrow chimera Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 262 1999 610 614
    • (1999) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.262 , pp. 610-614
    • Ono, K.1    Takii, T.2    Onozaki, K.3    Ikawa, M.4    Okabe, M.5    Sawada, M.6
  • 50
    • 0027331779 scopus 로고
    • Identification of Fc gamma RI, II, and III on normal human brain ramified microglia and on microglia in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease
    • N.S. Peress, H.B. Fleit, E. Perillo, R. Kuljis, and C. Pezzullo Identification of Fc gamma RI, II, and III on normal human brain ramified microglia and on microglia in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease J. Neuroimmunol. 48 1993 71 79
    • (1993) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.48 , pp. 71-79
    • Peress, N.S.1    Fleit, H.B.2    Perillo, E.3    Kuljis, R.4    Pezzullo, C.5
  • 51
    • 0027245888 scopus 로고
    • Macrophages and inflammation in the central nervous system
    • V.H. Perry, P.B. Andersson, and S. Gordon Macrophages and inflammation in the central nervous system Trends Neurosci. 16 1993 268 273
    • (1993) Trends Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 268-273
    • Perry, V.H.1    Andersson, P.B.2    Gordon, S.3
  • 52
    • 0033519331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site-specific control of T cell traffic in the brain: T cell entry to brainstem vs. hippocampus after local injection of IFN-gamma
    • L.M. Phillips, and L.A. Lampson Site-specific control of T cell traffic in the brain: T cell entry to brainstem vs. hippocampus after local injection of IFN-gamma J. Neuroimmunol. 96 1999 218 227
    • (1999) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.96 , pp. 218-227
    • Phillips, L.M.1    Lampson, L.A.2
  • 53
    • 0032970384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Murine microglia cells produced and respond to interleukin-18
    • M. Prinz, and U.K. Hanisch Murine microglia cells produced and respond to interleukin-18 J. Neurochem. 72 1999 2215 2218
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.72 , pp. 2215-2218
    • Prinz, M.1    Hanisch, U.K.2
  • 54
    • 0036469278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult neurogenesis in mammals: An identity crisis
    • P. Rakic Adult neurogenesis in mammals: an identity crisis J. Neurosci. 22 2002 614 618
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 614-618
    • Rakic, P.1
  • 55
    • 0031028938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phagocytic response in photochemically induced infarction of the rat cerebral cortex: The role of resident microglia
    • M. Schroeter, S. Jander, I. Huitinga, O.W. Witte, and G. Stoll Phagocytic response in photochemically induced infarction of the rat cerebral cortex: the role of resident microglia Stroke 28 1997 382 386
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 382-386
    • Schroeter, M.1    Jander, S.2    Huitinga, I.3    Witte, O.W.4    Stoll, G.5
  • 58
    • 0037007647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astroglia induce neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells
    • H. Song, C.F. Stevens, and F.H. Gage Astroglia induce neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells Nature 417 2002 39 44
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 39-44
    • Song, H.1    Stevens, C.F.2    Gage, F.H.3
  • 61
    • 0034234414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of cytokine profiles and reactive gliosis supports a critical role for interleukin-6 in neuron-glia signaling during regeneration
    • W.J. Streit, S.D. Hurley, T.S. McGraw, and S.L. Semple-Rowland Comparative evaluation of cytokine profiles and reactive gliosis supports a critical role for interleukin-6 in neuron-glia signaling during regeneration J. Neurosci. Res. 61 2000 10 20
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.61 , pp. 10-20
    • Streit, W.J.1    Hurley, S.D.2    McGraw, T.S.3    Semple-Rowland, S.L.4
  • 62
    • 0035132281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local and systemic GM-CSF increase in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
    • E. Tarkowski, A. Wallin, B. Regland, K. Blennow, and A. Tarkowski Local and systemic GM-CSF increase in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia Acta Neurol. Scand. 103 2001 166 174
    • (2001) Acta Neurol. Scand. , vol.103 , pp. 166-174
    • Tarkowski, E.1    Wallin, A.2    Regland, B.3    Blennow, K.4    Tarkowski, A.5
  • 63
    • 0035499887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of neural stem cells
    • S. Temples The development of neural stem cells Nature 141 2001 112 117
    • (2001) Nature , vol.141 , pp. 112-117
    • Temples, S.1
  • 64
    • 0032966752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells in the adult mammalian central nervous system
    • S. Temple, and A. Alvarez-Buylla Stem cells in the adult mammalian central nervous system Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 9 1999 135 141
    • (1999) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.9 , pp. 135-141
    • Temple, S.1    Alvarez-Buylla, A.2
  • 65
    • 0028985350 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-beta 1 exhibits delayed gene expression following focal cerebral ischemia
    • X. Wang, T.L. Yue, R.F. White, F.C. Barone, and G.Z. Feuerstein Transforming growth factor-beta 1 exhibits delayed gene expression following focal cerebral ischemia Brain Res. Bull. 36 1995 607 609
    • (1995) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.36 , pp. 607-609
    • Wang, X.1    Yue, T.L.2    White, R.F.3    Barone, F.C.4    Feuerstein, G.Z.5
  • 66
    • 0033103270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophins and anti-inflammatory agents interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, IL-11, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) down-regulate T cell costimulatory molecules B7 and CD40 on cultured rat microglia
    • R.T. Wei, and G.M. Jonakait Neurotrophins and anti-inflammatory agents interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, IL-11, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) down-regulate T cell costimulatory molecules B7 and CD40 on cultured rat microglia J. Neuroimmunol. 95 1999 8 18
    • (1999) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.95 , pp. 8-18
    • Wei, R.T.1    Jonakait, G.M.2
  • 69
    • 0028809507 scopus 로고
    • Ezpression of costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), and interleukin 12 cytokine in multiple sclerosis lesions
    • A. Windhagen, J. Newcombe, F. Dangond, C. Strand, M.N. Woodroofe, M.L. Cuzner, and D.A. Hafler Ezpression of costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), and interleukin 12 cytokine in multiple sclerosis lesions J. Exp. Med. 182 1995 1985 1996
    • (1995) J. Exp. Med. , vol.182 , pp. 1985-1996
    • Windhagen, A.1    Newcombe, J.2    Dangond, F.3    Strand, C.4    Woodroofe, M.N.5    Cuzner, M.L.6    Hafler, D.A.7
  • 70
    • 0034676994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes in chronic active multiple sclerosis plaques expression MHC class II molecules
    • E. Zeinstra, N. Wilczak, C. Streefland, and J. De Keyser Astrocytes in chronic active multiple sclerosis plaques expression MHC class II molecules NeuroReport 11 2000 89 91
    • (2000) NeuroReport , vol.11 , pp. 89-91
    • Zeinstra, E.1    Wilczak, N.2    Streefland, C.3    De Keyser, J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.