메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 89-101

Validation of a decision model for preventive pharmacological strategies in postmenopausal women

Author keywords

Breast cancer disease prevention; Cardiovascular ; Hip fracture ; Markov model; Postmenopausal women; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

RALOXIFENE; RECOMBINANT HORMONE;

EID: 13444291269     PISSN: 03932990     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10654-004-9478-8     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (7)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 13444264813 scopus 로고
    • May 4-6
    • Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada Menopause Consensus Committee: National Menopause Consensus. J Soc Obstet Gynecol 1994: May 4-6.
    • (1994) J Soc Obstet Gynecol
  • 2
    • 13444289364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease
    • Chap 4
    • Canadian Consensus Conference Menopause and Osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease. J Soc Obstet Gynecol Can 1998; Chap 4.
    • (1998) J Soc Obstet Gynecol Can
  • 3
    • 0029829442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ovarian hormone therapy on skeletal and extraskeletal tissues in women
    • Prevention and management of osteoporosis: Consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada
    • Josse RG. Effects of ovarian hormone therapy on skeletal and extraskeletal tissues in women. In: Prevention and management of osteoporosis: Consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. Can Med Assoc J 1996; 155: 929-934.
    • (1996) Can Med Assoc J , vol.155 , pp. 929-934
    • Josse, R.G.1
  • 4
    • 13444306829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and cancer
    • Chap 6
    • Canadian Consensus Conference Menopause and Osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy and cancer. J Soc Obstet Gynecol Can 1998; Chap 6.
    • (1998) J Soc Obstet Gynecol Can
  • 5
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998; 280: 605-613.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3
  • 6
    • 0034710627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis
    • Herrington DM, Reboussin DM, Brosnihan KB, et al. Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis. N Eng J Med 2000; 343: 522-529.
    • (2000) N Eng J Med , vol.343 , pp. 522-529
    • Herrington, D.M.1    Reboussin, D.M.2    Brosnihan, K.B.3
  • 7
    • 0001360951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal hormone replacement therapy for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
    • Clarke S, Kelleher J, Lloyd-Jones H, et al. Transdermal hormone replacement therapy for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: Suppl. 212.
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , Issue.212 SUPPL.
    • Clarke, S.1    Kelleher, J.2    Lloyd-Jones, H.3
  • 8
    • 0003753735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Communications of Office, April 3
    • Lenfant C. Preliminary trends in the Women's Health Initiative. Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Communications of Office, April 3, 2000.
    • (2000) Preliminary Trends in the Women's Health Initiative
    • Lenfant, C.1
  • 9
    • 0035811739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy
    • Manson JE, Martin KA. Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. N Eng J Med 2001; 345: 34-40.
    • (2001) N Eng J Med , vol.345 , pp. 34-40
    • Manson, J.E.1    Martin, K.A.2
  • 10
    • 0037014584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study follow-up (HERS II)
    • Grady D, Herrington D, Bittner V et al. Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002; 288: 49-57.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 49-57
    • Grady, D.1    Herrington, D.2    Bittner, V.3
  • 11
    • 0037014630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study follow-up (HERS II)
    • Hulley S, Furberg C, Barrett-Connor E, et al. Non-cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002; 288: 58-66.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 58-66
    • Hulley, S.1    Furberg, C.2    Barrett-Connor, E.3
  • 12
    • 0037125379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial
    • Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the Women's Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321-333.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 321-333
  • 13
    • 0037138787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raloxifen and cardiovascular events in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Four-year results from the multiple outcomes of raloxifen evaluation (MORE) randomized trial
    • Barrett-Connor E, Grady D, Sashegyi A, et al. Raloxifen and cardiovascular events in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Four-year results from the multiple outcomes of raloxifen evaluation (MORE) randomized trial. JAMA 2002; 287: 847-857.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 847-857
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Grady, D.2    Sashegyi, A.3
  • 14
    • 0035086116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
    • Lufkin EG, Wong M, Deal C. The role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2001; 1: 163-185.
    • (2001) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.1 , pp. 163-185
    • Lufkin, E.G.1    Wong, M.2    Deal, C.3
  • 16
    • 0025153446 scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of screening perimenopausal white women for osteoporosis: Bone densitometry and hormone replacement therapy
    • Tosteson ANA, Rosenthal DI, Melton LJ, et al. Cost-effectiveness of screening perimenopausal white women for osteoporosis: Bone densitometry and hormone replacement therapy. Ann Intern Med 1990; 113: 594-603.
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 594-603
    • Tosteson, A.N.A.1    Rosenthal, D.I.2    Melton, L.J.3
  • 17
    • 0022729999 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogens in prevention of osteoporosis: Benefit virtually without risk if cardiovascular effects are considered
    • Hillner BE, Hollenberg JP, Pauker SG. Postmenopausal estrogens in prevention of osteoporosis: Benefit virtually without risk if cardiovascular effects are considered. Am J Med 1986; 80: 1115-1127.
    • (1986) Am J Med , vol.80 , pp. 1115-1127
    • Hillner, B.E.1    Hollenberg, J.P.2    Pauker, S.G.3
  • 18
    • 0027955270 scopus 로고
    • Relative risks and benefits of long term estrogen replacement therapy: A decision analysis
    • Gorsky RD, Koplan JP, Peterson HB, et al. Relative risks and benefits of long term estrogen replacement therapy: A decision analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1994; 83: 161-166.
    • (1994) Obstet Gynecol , vol.83 , pp. 161-166
    • Gorsky, R.D.1    Koplan, J.P.2    Peterson, H.B.3
  • 19
    • 0019208916 scopus 로고
    • Decreased risk of fractures of the hip and lower forearm with postmenopausal use of estrogen
    • Weiss NS, Ure CL, Ballard JH, et al. Decreased risk of fractures of the hip and lower forearm with postmenopausal use of estrogen. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 1195-1198.
    • (1980) N Engl J Med , vol.303 , pp. 1195-1198
    • Weiss, N.S.1    Ure, C.L.2    Ballard, J.H.3
  • 20
    • 0030843969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: Collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,441 women without breast cancer
    • Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: Collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,441 women without breast cancer. Lancet 1997; 350: 1047-1059.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 1047-1059
  • 21
    • 0030904631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-specific decisions about hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women
    • Col NF, Eckman MH, Karas RH, et al. Patient-specific decisions about hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1997; 277: 1140-1147.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 1140-1147
    • Col, N.F.1    Eckman, M.H.2    Karas, R.H.3
  • 22
    • 0021021373 scopus 로고
    • The Markov process in medical prognosis
    • Beck JR, Pauker SG. The Markov process in medical prognosis. Med Decis Making 1983; 3: 419-458.
    • (1983) Med Decis Making , vol.3 , pp. 419-458
    • Beck, J.R.1    Pauker, S.G.2
  • 23
    • 0027772390 scopus 로고
    • Markov models in medical decision making: A practical guide
    • Sonnenberg FA, Beck J. Markov models in medical decision making: A practical guide. Med Decis Making 1993; 13: 322-338.
    • (1993) Med Decis Making , vol.13 , pp. 322-338
    • Sonnenberg, F.A.1    Beck, J.2
  • 24
    • 0028961320 scopus 로고
    • Life expectancy biases in clinical decision modeling
    • Kuntz KM, Weinstein MC. Life expectancy biases in clinical decision modeling. Med Decis Making 1995; 15: 158-169.
    • (1995) Med Decis Making , vol.15 , pp. 158-169
    • Kuntz, K.M.1    Weinstein, M.C.2
  • 25
    • 0020357091 scopus 로고
    • A convenient approximation of life expectancy. Use in decision making
    • Beck JR, Pauker SG, Gottlieb JE, et al. A convenient approximation of life expectancy. Use in decision making. Am J Med 1982; 73: 889-897.
    • (1982) Am J Med , vol.73 , pp. 889-897
    • Beck, J.R.1    Pauker, S.G.2    Gottlieb, J.E.3
  • 26
    • 0020445539 scopus 로고
    • A convenient approximation of life expectancy. Validation of the method
    • Beck JR, Kassirer JP, Pauker SG. A convenient approximation of life expectancy. Validation of the method. Am J Med 1982; 73: 883-888.
    • (1982) Am J Med , vol.73 , pp. 883-888
    • Beck, J.R.1    Kassirer, J.P.2    Pauker, S.G.3
  • 29
    • 0025959101 scopus 로고
    • An updated coronary profile. A statement for health professionals
    • Anderson KM, Wilson PWF, Odell PM, et al. An updated coronary profile. A statement for health professionals. Circulation 1991; 83: 356-362.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.83 , pp. 356-362
    • Anderson, K.M.1    Wilson, P.W.F.2    Odell, P.M.3
  • 30
    • 0026597794 scopus 로고
    • The benefits of treating hyperlipidemia to prevent coronary heart disease. Estimating changes in life expectancy and morbidity
    • Grover SA, Abrahamowick M, Joseph L, et al. The benefits of treating hyperlipidemia to prevent coronary heart disease. Estimating changes in life expectancy and morbidity. JAMA 1992; 267: 816-822.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 816-822
    • Grover, S.A.1    Abrahamowick, M.2    Joseph, L.3
  • 32
    • 0034636724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the treatment and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in Quebec, 1988-1995
    • Pilote L, Lavoie F, Ho V, et al. Changes in the treatment and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in Quebec, 1988-1995. Can Med Assoc J 2000; 163: 31-36.
    • (2000) Can Med Assoc J , vol.163 , pp. 31-36
    • Pilote, L.1    Lavoie, F.2    Ho, V.3
  • 33
    • 0030864858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stroke prevention policy model linking evidence and clinical decision
    • Matchur DB. The stroke prevention policy model linking evidence and clinical decision. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 704-711.
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.127 , pp. 704-711
    • Matchur, D.B.1
  • 34
    • 0032487931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels
    • Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Eng J Med 1998; 339: 1349-1357.
    • (1998) N Eng J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1349-1357
  • 35
    • 0028963682 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group
    • Cummings SR, Nevitt MC, Browner WS, et al. Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 767-773.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 767-773
    • Cummings, S.R.1    Nevitt, M.C.2    Browner, W.S.3
  • 36
    • 0029084458 scopus 로고
    • Rates of transcervical and pertrochanteric hip fractures in the province of Quebec, Canada, 1981-1992
    • Levy A, Mayo NE, Grimard G. Rates of transcervical and pertrochanteric hip fractures in the province of Quebec, Canada, 1981-1992. Am J Epidemiol. 1995; 142: 428-436.
    • (1995) Am J Epidemiol , vol.142 , pp. 428-436
    • Levy, A.1    Mayo, N.E.2    Grimard, G.3
  • 38
    • 0034520197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the prevalence of low bone density in Canadian women and men using a population-specific DXA reference standard: The Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)
    • Tenenhouse A, Joseph L, Kreiger, N, et al. Estimation of the prevalence of low bone density in Canadian women and men using a population-specific DXA reference standard: The Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Osteopororis Int 2000; 11: 897-904.
    • (2000) Osteopororis Int , vol.11 , pp. 897-904
    • Tenenhouse, A.1    Joseph, L.2    Kreiger, N.3
  • 39
    • 0024801278 scopus 로고
    • Projecting individualized probabilities of developing breast cancer for white females who are being examined annually
    • Gail MF, Brinton LA, Byar DP, et al. Projecting individualized probabilities of developing breast cancer for white females who are being examined annually. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989; 81: 1879-1886.
    • (1989) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.81 , pp. 1879-1886
    • Gail, M.F.1    Brinton, L.A.2    Byar, D.P.3
  • 40
    • 0028267953 scopus 로고
    • Validation of a breast cancer risk assessment model in women with a positive family history
    • Bondy ML, Lustbader ED, Halabi S, et al. Validation of a breast cancer risk assessment model in women with a positive family history. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86: 620-625.
    • (1994) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.86 , pp. 620-625
    • Bondy, M.L.1    Lustbader, E.D.2    Halabi, S.3
  • 41
    • 0028219526 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Gail et al. Model for predicting individual breast cancer
    • Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Hunter D, et al. Validation of the Gail et al. Model for predicting individual breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994; 86: 600-607.
    • (1994) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.86 , pp. 600-607
    • Spiegelman, D.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Hunter, D.3
  • 42
    • 13444298868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics Canada, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, 1995
    • Statistics Canada, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, 1995.
  • 43
    • 2642651127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of breast cancer risk by women aged 40 and over: A population-based study
    • Hébert-Croteau N, Goggin P, Kishchuk N. Estimation of breast cancer risk by women aged 40 and over: A population-based study. Can J Public Health 1997; 88: 392-396.
    • (1997) Can J Public Health , vol.88 , pp. 392-396
    • Hébert-Croteau, N.1    Goggin, P.2    Kishchuk, N.3
  • 44
    • 0025891903 scopus 로고
    • A population-based perspective of the hospital incidence and case-fatality rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
    • Anderson FA, Brownell Wheeler H, Goldberg RJ, et al. A population-based perspective of the hospital incidence and case-fatality rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151: 933-938.
    • (1991) Arch Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 933-938
    • Anderson, F.A.1    Brownell Wheeler, H.2    Goldberg, R.J.3
  • 46
    • 0023581926 scopus 로고
    • Rate of mortality for elderly patients after fracture of the hip in the 1980s
    • White BL, Fisher WD, Laurin CA. Rate of mortality for elderly patients after fracture of the hip in the 1980s. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1987; 69: 1335-1340.
    • (1987) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.69 , pp. 1335-1340
    • White, B.L.1    Fisher, W.D.2    Laurin, C.A.3
  • 47
    • 17644442656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteoporosis review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis and treatment, and cost-effectiveness analysis
    • Lindsay R, Meunier PJ. Osteoporosis review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis and treatment, and cost-effectiveness analysis. Osteoporosis Int 1998; 8: S1-S88.
    • (1998) Osteoporosis Int , vol.8
    • Lindsay, R.1    Meunier, P.J.2
  • 48
    • 0035816015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality and locomotion 6 months after hospitalization for hip fracture risk factors and risk-adjusted hospital outcomes
    • Hannan EJ, Magaziner J, Wang JJ, et al. Mortality and locomotion 6 months after hospitalization for hip fracture risk factors and risk-adjusted hospital outcomes. JAMA 2001; 285: 2736-2742.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2736-2742
    • Hannan, E.J.1    Magaziner, J.2    Wang, J.J.3
  • 50
    • 0029890161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hip fracture
    • Zuckerman SD. Hip fracture. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1519-1525.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 1519-1525
    • Zuckerman, S.D.1
  • 51
    • 13444276923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics Canada, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, 1996
    • Statistics Canada, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, 1996.
  • 52
    • 0034112462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of the lifetimes costs of breast cancer treatment in Canada
    • Will BP, Berthelot JM, LePetit C, et al. Estimates of the lifetimes costs of breast cancer treatment in Canada. Eur J Cancer 2000; 36: 724-735.
    • (2000) Eur J Cancer , vol.36 , pp. 724-735
    • Will, B.P.1    Berthelot, J.M.2    LePetit, C.3
  • 53
    • 0003881318 scopus 로고
    • Ottawa, Ontario: Vital Statistics and Disease Registries Section; Formerly Catalog 84-537: 10
    • Statistics Canada, Health Division. Life Tables, Canada, and Provinces, 1990-1992. Ottawa, Ontario: Vital Statistics and Disease Registries Section; 1989. Formerly Catalog 84-537: 10
    • (1989) Life Tables, Canada, and Provinces, 1990-1992
  • 54
    • 0025763810 scopus 로고
    • Competing risks in mortality analysis
    • Chiang CL. Competing risks in mortality analysis. Annu Rev Publ Health 1991; 12: 281-307.
    • (1991) Annu Rev Publ Health , vol.12 , pp. 281-307
    • Chiang, C.L.1
  • 55
    • 0035096328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competing risks analysis using Markov chains: Impact of cerebrovascular and ischaemic heart disease in cancer mortality
    • Llorca J, Delgado-Rodriguez M. Competing risks analysis using Markov chains: impact of cerebrovascular and ischaemic heart disease in cancer mortality. Int Epidemiol Assoc 2001; 30: 99-101.
    • (2001) Int Epidemiol Assoc , vol.30 , pp. 99-101
    • Llorca, J.1    Delgado-Rodriguez, M.2
  • 56
    • 13444284437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ottawa: The Foundation: Update
    • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. Heart disease and stroke in Canada. Ottawa: The Foundation: Update 2000.
    • (2000) Heart Disease and Stroke in Canada
  • 57
    • 0032572086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels. Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS
    • Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels. Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. JAMA 1998; 279: 1615-1622.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 1615-1622
    • Downs, J.R.1    Clearfield, M.2    Weis, S.3
  • 58
    • 0033596281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of statins on risk of coronary disease. A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Larosa JC, He J, Vupputuri S. Effects of statins on risk of coronary disease. A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1999; 282: 2340-2346.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 2340-2346
    • Larosa, J.C.1    He, J.2    Vupputuri, S.3
  • 59
    • 0004851872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures
    • Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB, et al. Randomized trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Lancet 1996; 348: 1535-1541.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 1535-1541
    • Black, D.M.1    Cummings, S.R.2    Karpf, D.B.3
  • 60
    • 0035253489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women
    • McClung MR, Geusens P, Miller PD, et al. Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. N Eng J Med 2001; 344: 333-340.
    • (2001) N Eng J Med , vol.344 , pp. 333-340
    • McClung, M.R.1    Geusens, P.2    Miller, P.D.3
  • 61
    • 0033575083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Results from the MORE Randomized Trial
    • Cummings SR, Eckert S, Krueger KA, et al. The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Results from the MORE Randomized Trial. JAMA 1999; 281: 2189-2197.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 2189-2197
    • Cummings, S.R.1    Eckert, S.2    Krueger, K.A.3
  • 62
    • 0033549596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individualizing therapy to prevent long-term consequences of estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women
    • Col NF, Pauker SG, Goldberg RJ, et al. Individualizing therapy to prevent long-term consequences of estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1458-1466.
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 1458-1466
    • Col, N.F.1    Pauker, S.G.2    Goldberg, R.J.3
  • 63
    • 0032559842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the Benefits of modifying risk factors of cardiovascular disease
    • Grover SA, Paquet S, Levinton C, et al. Estimating the Benefits of modifying risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158: 655-662.
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med , vol.158 , pp. 655-662
    • Grover, S.A.1    Paquet, S.2    Levinton, C.3
  • 64
    • 0037125455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of estrogen plus progestin therapy for prevention
    • Fletcher S, Colditz GA. Failure of estrogen plus progestin therapy for prevention. JAMA 2002; 288: 366-368.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 366-368
    • Fletcher, S.1    Colditz, G.A.2
  • 65
    • 0034627183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: Results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials
    • Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: Results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet 2000; 355: 1955-1964.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1955-1964
  • 66
    • 0034627164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Pahor M, Psaty BM, Aldernan MH, et al. Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2000; 356: 1949-1954.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 1949-1954
    • Pahor, M.1    Psaty, B.M.2    Aldernan, M.H.3
  • 68
    • 0028785426 scopus 로고
    • Stroke after thrombolysis. Mortality and functional outcome in the GUSTO-I Trial
    • Gore JM, Granger CB, Maarten L, et al. Stroke after thrombolysis. Mortality and functional outcome in the GUSTO-I Trial. Circulation 1995; 92: 2811-2818.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 2811-2818
    • Gore, J.M.1    Granger, C.B.2    Maarten, L.3
  • 69
    • 0025676437 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial revascularization for chronic stable angina
    • 1990
    • Wong J, et al. 1990. Myocardial revascularization for chronic stable angina. Ann Intern Med 1990; 113: 852-871.
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 852-871
    • Wong, J.1
  • 70
    • 0028293788 scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin versus warfarin prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement
    • O'Brien BJ, et al. Cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin versus warfarin prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. CMAJ 1994; 150: 1083-1090.
    • (1994) CMAJ , vol.150 , pp. 1083-1090
    • O'Brien, B.J.1
  • 72
    • 0026599641 scopus 로고
    • Optimal management of suspected lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis: An evaluation with cost assessment of 24 management strategies
    • Hillner BE, Philbrick JT, Becker DM. Optimal management of suspected lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis: An evaluation with cost assessment of 24 management strategies. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152: 165-175.
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , pp. 165-175
    • Hillner, B.E.1    Philbrick, J.T.2    Becker, D.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.