Free Galactose Concentrations in Fresh and Stored Apples (Malus domestica) and Processed Apple Products

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 511-517

  Scaman, Christine H ^a   Jim, Vickie Jin Wai ^a   Hartnett, Carol ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b CHILDREN S AND WOMEN S HEALTH CENTRE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Apple; Cellulase; Enzyme; Galactose; Galactosemia; Juice; Malus domestica; Pectinase; Storage; Thermal processing; Trimethylsilyl derivative; Variety

Indexed keywords

ENZYME; GALACTOSE; PECTIN;

ANALYTIC METHOD; APPLE; APPLE JUICE; ARTICLE; BEVERAGE; CANNED FOOD; CHEMISTRY; COLD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CRYOPRESERVATION; ENZYME MECHANISM; FOOD ANALYSIS; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD HANDLING; FOOD PRESERVATION; FOOD PROCESSING; FRUIT; GALACTOSEMIA; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEAT; HUMAN; LIQUEFACTION; NONHUMAN; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; THERMAL EXPOSURE;

MALUS; MALUS X DOMESTICA;

EID: 0842306422     PISSN: 00218561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jf034643k     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Novelli, G.; Reichardt, J. K. V. Molecular basis of disorders of human galactose metabolism: past, present, and future. Mol. Genet. Metab. 2000, 71, 62-65.
2. Elsas, L. J.; Acosta, P. B. Nutrition support of inherited metabolic disease. In Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th ed.; Shils, M. E., Olson, J. A., Shike, M., Eds.; Lea & Febiger: Philadelphia, 1994; pp 1147-1206.
3. Cheung, K. L.; Tang, N. L.; Hsiac, K. J.; Law, L. K.; Wong, W.; Ng, P. C.; Pang, C. P.; Applegarth, D. A.; Fok, T. F.; Hjelm N. M. Classical galactosaemia in Chinese: A case report and review of disease incidence. J. Paediatr. Child. Health 1999, 35, 399-400.
4. Moammar, H.; Ratard, R.; Cheriyan, G.; Mathew, P. Incidence and features of galactosaemia in Saudi Arabs. J. Inherited Metab. Dis. 1996, 19, 331-334.
5. Applegarth, D. A.; Toone, J.; Lowry, R. B. Incidence of Inborn Error of Metabolism in British Columbia, 1969-1996. Pediatrics 2000, 105, e10.
6. Kaufman, F. R.; McBride-Chang, C.; Manis, F. R.; Wolff, J. A.; Nelson, M. D. Cognitive functioning, nuerologic status and brain imaging in classical galactosemia. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1995, 154 (7, Suppl. 2) S2-S5.
7. Nelson C. D.; Waggoner, D. D.; Donnell, G. N.; Tuerck, J. M.; Buist, N. R. Verbal dyspraxia in treated galactosemia. Pediatrics 1991, 88, 346-350.
8. Badawi, N.; Cahalane, S. F.; McDonald, M.; Mulhair, P.; Begi, B.; O'Donohue, A.; Naughten, E. Galactosaemia-a controversial disorder. Screening and outcome Ireland 1972-1992. Irel. Med. J. 1996, 89, 16-17.
9. Gross, K. C.; Acosta. P. B. Fruits and vegetables are a source of galactose: Implications in planning the diets of patients with galactosemia. J. Inherited Metab. Dis. 1991, 14, 253-258.
10. Berry, G. T.; Palmieri, M.; Gross, K. C.; Acosta, P. B.; Henstenburg, J. A.; Mazur, A.; Reynolds, R.; Segal, S. The effect of dietary fruits vegetables on urinary galactitol excretion in galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency. J. Inherited Metab. Dis. 1993, 16, 91-100.
11. Gropper, S. S.; Weese, S. J.; West, P. A.; Gross, K. C. Free galactose content of fresh fruits and strained fruit and vegetable baby foods: More foods to consider for the galactose-restricted diet. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2000, 100, 573-575.
12. Fuleki, T.; Pelayo, E.; Palabay, R. B. Sugar composition of varietal juices produced from fresh and stored apples. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1266-1275.
13. Sharma, D.; D'Souza; McConnel, M.; Mazza, G. Identification and quantification of sugars in winter-hardy apples by high performance liquid chromatography. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J. 1988, 21, 435-437.
14. Fourie, P. C.; Hanamann, C. F.; Oberholzer, H. M. Sugar content of fresh apples and pears in South Africa. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 1938-1939.
15. Redgwell, R. J.; Fischer, M.; Kendal, E.; MacRae, E. A. Galactose loss and fruit ripening: high-molecular-weight arabinogalactans in the pectic polysaccharides of fruit cell walls. Planta 1997, 203, 174-181.
16. Kitagawa, Y.; Kanayama, Y.; Yamaki, S. Isolation of β-galactosidase fractions from Japanese pear: activity against native cell wall polysaccharides. Physiol. Plant. 1995, 93, 545-550.
17. Gheyas, F.; Blankenship, S. M.; Young, E.; McFeeters, R. Dietary fibre composition in developing apple fruits. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 1998, 73, 631-639.
18. Lund, D. Heat Processing. In Principles of Food Science. Part II: Physical Principles of Food Preservation; Karel, M., Fennema, O. R., Eds.; Marcel Decker Inc.: New York, 1975; pp 31-92.
19. Gross, K. C.; Jean Weese, S.; Johnson, J.; Gropper, S. S. Soluble galactose content of selected baby food cereals and juices. J. Food Compos. Anal. 1995, 8, 319-323.
20. Li, B. W.; Andrews, K. W. Separation of trimethylsilylated oximes of monosaccharides by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Chromatographia 1986, 21, 596-598.
21. Molnar-Perl, I.; Morvai, M. Rapid method for the simultaneous GC quantitation of acids and sugars in fruits and vegetables. Food Addit. Contam. 1992, 9, 505-514.
22. Hartz, L.; Pettis, K.; vanCalcar, S. Understanding Galactosemia A Diet Guide, 2nd ed.; Waisman Center on Mental Retardation and Human Development: Madison, Wisconsin, 2000.
23. Acosta, P. B.; Yannicelli, S. The Ross Metabolic Formula System Nutrition Support Protocols, 4th ed.; Abbott Laboratories: Columbus, Ohio, 2001.
24. Chun, J. P.; Hwang, Y. S.; Lee, J. C.; Huber, D. J. Cell wall component changes during maturation and storage in 'Tsugaru' and 'Fuji' apple fruits. J. Korean Soc. Hortic. Sci. 1999, 40, 705-710.
25. Fischer, R. L.; Bennett, A. B. Role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit ripening. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 1991, 42, 675-703.
26. Fry, S. C. Polysaccharide-modifying enzymes in the plant cell wall. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 1995, 46, 497-520.
27. Stolle-Smits, T.; Beekhuizen, J. G.; van Dijk, C.; Voragen, A. G. J.; Recourt, K. Cell wall dissolution during industrial processing of green beans (Phaseolus valgaris L.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 2480-2486.
28. Nyman, E. M. G. L.; Nylander, T.; Asp, N.-G. L. Degradation of water-soluble fiber polysaccharides in carrots after different types of processing. Food Chem. 1993, 47, 169-176.
29. Nyman, E. M. G. L.; Svanberg, S. J. M.; Asp, N.-G. L. Molecular weight distribution and viscosity of water-soluble dietary fiber isolated from green beans, brussel sprouts and green peas following different types of processing. J. Sci. Food Agric. 1994, 66, 83-91.
30. Massiot, P.; Guiller, I.; Baron, A.; Drilleau, J. F. Cell wall polysaccharides modifications during heat treatment and enzymatic degradation of carrot tissues. Food Sci. Technol. 1992, 25, 559-563.
31. Muller, S.; Kunzek, H. Material properties of processed fruit and vegetables. I. Effect of extraction and thermal treatment on apple parenchyma. Food Res. Technol. 1998, 264-272.
32. Voragen, A. G. J.; Pilnik, W.; Thibault, J. F.; Axelos, M. A. V.; Renard, C. M. G. C. Pectins. In Food Polysaccharides and their Applications; Stephen, A. M., Ed.; Food Science and Technology, Marcel Dekker: New York, 1995; Vol. 67, pp 287-339.
33. Thakur, B. R.; Singh, R. K.; Handa, A. K. Chemistry and uses of pectin-a review. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 1997, 37, 47-73.
34. Reinders, G.; Their, H. P. Nonstarch polysaccharides of tomatoes. II. Influence of thermal processing. Eur. J. Food Res. Technol. 1999, 209, 47-51.
35. Plat, D.; Ben-Shalom, N.; Levi, A.; Reid, D.; Goldschmidt, E. E. Degradation of pectic substances in carrots by heat-treatment. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988, 36, 362-365.
36. Vincent, J. F. V. From cellulose to cell. J. Exp. Biol. 1999, 202, 3263-3268.
37. Schols, H. A.; Veld, P. H.; van Deelen, W.; Voragen, A. G. J. The effect of the manufacturing method on the characteristics of apple juice. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 1991, 192, 142-148.
38. Ibarz, A.; Grijelmo, C.; Pagan, J. Depectination of apple juices. Fruit Process. 1997, 7, 460-474.
39. Lae, A. G. H. Enzymes in the production of beverages and fruit juices. In Enzymes in Food Processing, 2nd ed.; Tucker, G. A., Woods, L. F. J., Eds.; Blackie Academic and Professional: Glasgow, England, 1995; Vol. No. 7, pp 223-249.
40. Urlaub, R. Advantages of enzymatic apple mash treatment and pomace liquefaction. Fruit Process. 1996, 6, 399-406.
41. Dongowski, G.; Sembries, S. Effects of commercial pectolytic and cellulolytic enzyme preparations on the apple cell wall. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 4236-4242.