Growth hormone in anti-aging medicine: A critical review

Aging Male

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 257-263

  Kann, P H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL MARBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Aging; Growth hormone

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; GROWTH HORMONE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

AGING; BODY FAT; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL FEATURE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FITNESS; GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; HYPOPITUITARISM; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS SYSTEM; LIPID METABOLISM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

AGING; BODY COMPOSITION; BONE DENSITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; HUMANS; QUALITY OF LIFE;

EID: 0347762512     PISSN: 13685538     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13685530312331309782     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Growth Hormone Research Society. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in childhood and adolescence: summary statement of the GH Research Society. GH Research Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:3990-3
2. Baum HB, Biller BM, Finkelstein JS, Cannistraro KB, Oppenhein DS, Schoenfeld DA, et al. Effects of physiologic growth hormone therapy on bone density and body composition in patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1996;125:883-90
3. Bengtsson BA, Eden S, Lonn L, Kvist H, Stokland A, Lindstedt G, et al. Treatment of adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency with recombinant human GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 76:309-17
4. Beshyah SA, Freemantle C, Shahi M, Anyaoku V, Merson S, Lynch S, et al. Replacement treatment with biosynthetic human growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient hypopituitary adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995;42:73-84
5. Ezzat S, Fear S, Gaillard RC, Gayle C, Landy H, Marcovitz S, et al. Gender-specific responses of lean body composition and non-gender-specific cardiac function improvement after GH replacement in GH-deficient adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:2725-33, Erratum in J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:4461
6. Johannsson G, Marin P, Lonn L, Ottosson M, Stenlof K, Bjorntorp P, et al. Growth hormone treatment of abdominally obese men reduces abdominal fat mass, improves glucose and lipoprotein metabolism, and reduces diastolic blood pressure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:727-34
7. Jorgensen JO, Pedersen SA, Thuesen L, Jorgensen J, Ingemann-Hansen T, Skakkebaek NE, et al. Beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment in GH-deficient adults. Lancet 1989;1:1221-5
8. Salomon F, Cuneo RC, Hesp R, Sonksen PH. The effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency. N Engl J Med 1989;321:1797-803
9. Wallymahmed ME, Foy P, Shaw D, Hutcheon R, Edwards RH, MacFarlane IA. Quality of life, body composition and muscle strength in adult growth hormone deficiency: the influence of growth hormone replacement therapy for up to 3 years. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997;47:439-46
10. Beentjes JA, van Tol A, Sluiter WJ, Dullaart RP. Effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and lipid transfer protein activities in growth hormone-deficient adults. J Lipid Res 2000;41:925-32
11. Boger RH, Skamira C, Bode-Boger SM, Brabant G, von zur Muhlen A, Frolich JC. Nitric oxide may mediate the hemodynamic effects of recombinant growth hormone in patients with acquired growth hormone deficiency. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Invest 1996;98:2706-13
12. Nass R, Huber RM, Klauss V, Muller OA, Schopohl J, Strasburger CJ. Effect of growth hormone (hGH) replacement therapy on physical work capacity and cardiac and pulmonary function in patients with hGH deficiency acquired in adulthood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:552-7
13. Russell-Jones DL, Watts GF, Weissberger A, Naoumova R, Myers J, Thompson GR, et al. The effect of growth hormone replacement on serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and cholesterol precursors in adult growth hormone deficient patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1994;41:345-50
14. Sesmilo G, Biller BM, Llevadot J, Hayden D, Hanson G, Rifai N, et al. Effects of growth hormone administration on inflammatory and other cardiovascular risk markers in men with growth hormone deficiency. A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ann Intern Med 2000;133:111-22
15. Smith JC, Evans LM, Wilkinson I, Goodfellow J, Cockcroft JR, Scanlon MF, et al. Effects of GH replacement on endothelial function and large-artery stiffness in GH-deficient adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002;56:493-501
16. Vahl N, Jorgensen JO, Hansen TB, Klausen IB, Jurik AG, Hagen C, et al. The favourable effects of growth hormone (GH) substitution on hypercholesterolaemia in GH-deficient adults are not associated with concomitant reductions in adiposity. A 12 month placebo-controlled study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998;22:529-36
17. Abrahamsen B, Hangaard J, Horn HC, Hansen TB, Gregersen G, Hansen-Nord M, et al. Evaluation of the optimum dose of growth hormone (GH) for restoring bone mass in adult-onset GH deficiency: results from two 12-month randomized studies. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002;57:273-81
18. Bex M, Abs R, Maiter D, Beckers A, Lamberigts G, Bouillon R. The effects of growth hormone replacement therapy on bone metabolism in adult-onset growth hormone deficiency: a 2-year open randomized controlled multicenter trial. J Bone Miner Res 2002;17:1081-94
19. Degerblad M, Bengtsson BA, Bramnert M, Johnell O, Manhem P, Rosen T, et al. Reduced bone mineral density in adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency: increased bone turnover during 12 months of GH substitution therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:180-8
20. Finkenstedt G, Gasser RW, Hofle G, Watfah C, Fridrich L. Effects of growth hormone (GH) replacement on bone metabolism and mineral density in adult onset of GH deficiency: results of a double-blind placebo-controlled study with open follow-up. Eur J Endocrinol 1997;136: 282-9
21. Hansen TB, Brixen K, Vahl N, Jorgensen JO, Christiansen JS, Mosekilde L, et al. Effects of 12 months of growth hormone (GH) treatment on calciotropic hormones, calcium homeostasis, and bone metabolism in adults with acquired GH deficiency: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:3352-9
22. Holmes SJ, Whitehouse RW, Swindell R, Economou G, Adams JE, Shalet SM. Effect of growth hormone replacement on bone mass in adults with adult onset growth hormone deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1995;42:627-33
23. Kann P, Piepkorn B, Schehler B, Andreas J, Lotz J, Prellwitz W, et al. Effect of long-term treatment with GH on bone metabolism, bone mineral density and bone elasticity in GH-deficient adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998;48:561-8
24. Sneppen SB, Hoeck HC, Kollerup G, Sorensen OH, Laurberg P, Feldt-Rasmussen U. Bone mineral content and bone metabolism during physiological GH treatment in GH-deficient adults - an 18-month randomised, placebo-controlled, double blinded trial. Eur J Endocrinol 2002;146: 187-95
25. Baum HB, Katznelson L, Sherman JC, Biller BM, Hayden DL, Schoenfeld DA, et al. Effects of physiological growth hormone (GH) therapy on cognition and quality of life in patients with adult-onset GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:3184-9
26. Burman P, Broman JE, Hetta J, Wiklund I, Erfurth EM, Hagg E, et al. Quality of life in adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency: response to treatment with recombinant human GH in a placebo-controlled 21-month trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:3585-90
27. Cuneo RC, Judd S, Wallace JD, Perry-Keene D, Burger H, Lim-Tio S, et al. The Australian niulticentre trial of growth hormone (GH) treatment in GH-deficient adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:107-16
28. McGauley GA. Quality of life assessment before and after growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1989;356:70-2
29. Chipman JJ, Attanasio AF, Birkett MA, Bates PC, Webb S, Lamberts SW. The safety profile of GH replacement therapy in adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997;46:473-81
30. Pfeifer M, Verhovec R, Zizek B, Prezelj J, Poredos P, Clayton RN. Growth hormone (GH) treatment reverses early atherosclerotic changes in GH-deficient adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84:453-7
31. Rosen T, Bengtsson BA. Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism. Lancet 1990;336:285-8
32. Bengtsson BA, Koppeschaar HP, Abs R, Bennmarker H, Hernberg-Stahl E, Westberg B, et al. Growth hormone replacement therapy is not associated with any increase in mortality. KIMS Study Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84: 4291-2
33. Wuster C, Abs R, Bengtsson BA, Bennmarker H, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Hernberg-Stahl E, et al., KIMS Study Group and the KIMS International Board. Pharmacia and Upjohn International Metabolic Database. The influence of growth hormone deficiency, growth hormone replacement therapy, and other aspects of hypopituitarism on fracture rate and bone mineral density. J Bone Miner Res 2001;16:398-405
34. Critical evaluation of the safety of recombinant human growth hormone administration: statement from the Growth Hormone Research Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1868-70
35. Pfeilschifter J, Pientka L, Scheidt-Nave Ch. Osteoporose in Deutschland 2003. MMW Fortschr Med 2003;145:42-3
36. Brabant G, von zur Muhlen A, Wuster C, Ranke MB, Kratzsch J, Kiess W, et al., and the German KIMS Board. Serum insulin-like growth factor I reference values for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay system: results from a multicenter study. Horm Res 2003; 60:53-60
37. Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, Gergans GA, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, et al. Effects of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1-6
38. Gillberg P, Mallmin H, Petren-Mallmin M, Ljunghall S, Nilsson AG. Two years of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone increases bone mineral density in men with idiopathic osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87:4900-6
39. Munzer T, Harman SM, Hees P, Shapiro E, Christmas C, Bellantoni MF, et al. Effects of GH and/or sex steroid administration on abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat in healthy aged women and men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:3604-10
40. Papadakis MA, Grady D, Black D, Tierney MJ, Gooding GA, Schambelan M, et al. Growth hormone replacement in healthy older men improves body composition but not functional ability. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:708-16
41. Blackman MR, Sorkin JD, Munzer T, Bellantoni MF, Busby-Whitehead J, Stevens TE, et al. Growth hormone and sex steroid administration in healthy aged women and men: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 2002;288:2282-92
42. Hennessey JV, Chromiak JA, DellaVentura S, Reinert SE, Puhl J, Kiel DP, et al. Growth hormone administration and exercise effects on muscle fiber type and diameter in moderately frail older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49:852-8
43. Mucci LA, Tamimi R, Lagiou P, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Spanos E, et al. Are dietary influences on the risk of prostate cancer mediated through the insulin-like growth factor system? BJU Int 2001; 87:814-20
44. Shaneyfelt T, Husein R, Bubley G, Mantzoros CS. Hormonal predictors of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis J Clin Oncol 2000;18:847-53
45. Agurs-Collins T, Adams-Campbell LL, Kim KS, Cullen KJ. Insulin-like growth factor-1 and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal African-American women. Cancer Detect Prev 2000;24:199-206
46. Giovannucci E, Pollak M, Platz EA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Majeed N, et al. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-3 and the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer in the Nurses' Health Study. Growth Horm IGF Res 2000;10 (Suppl A):S30-1
47. Shimokawa I, Higami Y, Tsuchiya T, Otani H, Komatsu T, Chiba T, et al. Life span extension by reduction of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 axis: relation to caloric restriction. FASEB J 2003;17:1108-9. Epub 2003 Apr 08
48. Holt RI, Webb E, Pentecost C, Sonksen PH. Aging and physical fitness are more important than obesity in determining exercise-induced generation of GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:5715-20
49. Hurel SJ, Koppiker N, Newkirk J, Close PR, Miller M, Mardell R, et al. Relationship of physical exercise and ageing to growth hormone production. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1999;51:687-91
50. Kraemer WJ, Hakkinen K, Newton RU, Nindl BC, Volek JS, McCormick M, et al. Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs. older men. J Appl Physiol 1999;87:982-92
51. Zaccaria M, Varnier M, Piazza P, Noventa D, Ermolao A. Blunted growth hormone response to maximal exercise in middle-aged versus young subjects and no effect of endurance training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:2303-7