The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene can to a large extent replace simian immunodeficiency virus nef in vivo

Journal of Virology

Volumn 73, Issue 10, 1999, Pages 8371-8383

  Kirchhoff, Frank ^a   Münch, Jan ^a   Carl, Silke ^a   Stolte, Nicole ^b   Mätz Rensing, Kerstin ^b   Fuchs, Dietmar ^b   Ten Haaft, Peter ^c   Heeney, Jonathan L ^c   Swigut, Tomek ^d   Skowronski, Jacek ^d   Stahl Hennig, Christiane ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^b GERMAN PRIMATE CENTER   (Germany)

^c BIOMEDICAL PRIMATE RESEARCH CENTRE   (Netherlands)

^d Watson School of Biological Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; GENE INSERTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; NONHUMAN; OPEN READING FRAME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS INFECTIVITY; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 0344995284     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.10.8371-8383.1999     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Aiken, C., J. Konner, N. R. Landau, M. E. Lenburg, and D. Trono. 1994. Nef induces CD4 endocytosis: requirement for a critical dileucine motif in the membrane-proximal CD4 cytoplasmic domain. Cell 76:853-864.
2. Alexander, L., Z. Du, M. Rosenzweig, J. V. Jung, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1997. A role for natural simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef alleles in lymphocyte activation. J. Virol. 71:6094-6099.
3. Anderson, S., D. C. Shugars, R. Swanstrom, and J. V. Garcia. 1993. Nef from primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 suppresses surface CD4 expression in human and mouse T cells. J. Virol. 67:4923-4931.
4. Arold, S., P. Franken, M. P. Strub, F. Hoh, S. Benichou, R. Benarous, and C. Dumas. 1997. The crystal structure of HIV-1 Nef protein bound to the Fyn kinase SH3 domain suggests a role for this complex in altered T cell receptor signaling. Structure 5:1361-1372.
5. Baur, A. S., E. T. Sawai, P. Dazin, W. J. Fantl, C. Cheng-Mayer, and B. M. Peterlin. 1994. HIV-1 Nef leads to inhibition or activation of T cells depending on its intracellular localization. Immunity 1:373-384.
6. Bell, J., J. Maughan, E. Hooker, F. Cook, and T. A. Reinhart 1998. Association of simian immunodeficiency virus Nef with the T-cell receptor (TCR) ζ chain leads to TCR downmodulation. J. Gen. Virol. 79:2717-2727.
7. Benson, R. E., A. Sanfridson, J. S. Ottinger, C. Doyle, and B. R. Cullen. 1993. Downregulation of cell-surface CD4 expression by simian immunodeficiency virus Nef prevents viral super-infection. J. Exp. Med. 177:1561-1566.
8. Bresnahan, P. A., W. Yonemoto, S. Ferell, D. Williams-Herman, R. Geleziumas, and W. C. Greene. 1998. A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef acts as an internalization signal for CD4 downregulation and binds the AP-1 clathrin adaptor. Curr. Biol. 22:1235-1238.
9. Chackerian, B., N. L. Haigwood, and J. Overbaugh. 1995. Characterization of a CD4-expressing macaque cell line that can detect virus after a single replication cycle and can be infected by diverse simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. Virology 213:386-394.
10. Chowers, M. Y., C. A. Spina, T. J. Kwoh, N. J. S. Fitch, D. D. Richman, and J. C. Guatelli. 1994. Optimal infectivity in vitro of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 requires an intact nef gene. J. Virol. 68:2906-2914.
11. Collette, Y., H. Dutartre, A. Benziane, A. Ramos-Morales, R. Benarous, M. Harris, and D. Olive. 1996. Physical and functional interaction of Nef with Lck. HIV-1 Nef-induced T-cell signaling defects. J. Biol. Chem. 271:6333-6341.
12. Collins, K, L., B. K. Chen, S. A. Kalams, B. D. Walker, and D. Baltimore. 1998. HIV-1 Nef protein protects infected primary cells against killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Nature 391:397-401.
13. Craig, H. M., M. W. Pandori, and J. C. Guatelli. 1998. Interaction of HIV-1 Nef with cellular dileucine-based sorting pathway is required for CD4 down-regulation and optimal viral infectivity. Proc, Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:11229-11234.
14. Cullen, B. R. 1987. Use of eukaryotic expression technology in the functional analysis of cloned genes. Methods Enzymol. 152:684-703.
15. De, S. K., and J. W. Marsh. 1994. HIV-1 Nef inhibits a common activation pathway in NIH-3T3 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269:6656-6660.
16. Deacon, N. J., A. Tsykin, A. Salomon, K. Smith, M. Ludford-Menting, D. J. Hooker, D. A. McPhee, A. L. Greenway, A. Ellett, and C. Chatfleld. 1995. Genomic structure of an attenuated quasi species of HIV-1 from a blood transfusion donor and recipients. Science 270:988-991.
17. Deng, H., R. Liu, W. Ellmeier, S. Choe, D. Unutmaz, M. Burkhart, P. Di Marzio, S. Marmon, R. E. Sutton, C. M. Hill, C. B. Davis, S. C. Pelper, T. J. Schall, D. R. Littman, and N. R. Landau. 1996. Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1. Nature 381:661-666.
18. deRonde, A., B. Klaver, W. Keulen, L. Smit, and J. Goudsmit. 1992. Natural HIV-1 NEF accelerates virus replication in primary human lymphocytes. Virology 188:391-395.
19. Du, Z., S. M. Lang, V. G. Sasseville, A A. Lackner, P. O. Ilyinskii, M. D. Daniel, J. U. Jung, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1995. Identification of a nef allele that causes lymphocyte activation and acute disease in macaque monkeys. Cell 82:665-674.
20. Fendrich, C., W. Lüke, C. Stahl-Hennig, O. Herchenröder, D. Fuchs, H. Wachter, and G. Hunsmann. 1989. Urinary neopterin concentrations in rhesus monkeys after infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV-mac251). AIDS 3:305-307.
21. Garcia, J. V., and A. D. Miller. 1991. Serine phosphorylation-independent downregulation of cell-surface CD4 by nef. Nature 350:508-511.
22. Goldsmith, M. A., M. T. Warmerdam, R. E. Atchison, M. D. Miller, and W. C. Greene. 1995. Dissociation of the CD4 downregulation and viral infectivity enhancement functions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef. J. Virol. 69:4112-4121.
23. Greenberg, M., L. DeTulleo, I. Rapoport, J. Skowronski, and T. Kirchhausen. 1998. A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef is essential for sorting into clathrin-coated pits and for downregulation of CD4. Curr. Biol. 22:1239-1242.
24. Greenberg, M. E., A. J. Iafrate, and J. Skowronski. 1998. The SH3 domain-binding surface and an acidic motif in HIV-1 Nef regulate trafficking of class 1 MHC complexes. EMBO J. 17:2777-2789.
25. Greenway, A., A. Azad, and D. McPhee. 1995. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits activation pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cell lines. J. Virol. 69:1842-1850.
26. Gundlach, B. R., B. Linhart, U. Dittmer, S. Sopper, S. Reiprich, D. Fuchs, B. Fleckenstein, G. Hunsmann, C. Stahl-Hennig, and K. Überla. 1997. Construction, replication, and immunogenic properties of a simian immunodeficiency virus expressing interleukin-2. J. Virol. 71:2225-2232.
27. Guy, B., M. P. Kieny, Y. Riviere, C. Le Peuch, K. Dott, M. Girard, L. Montagnier, and J. P. Lecocq. 1987. HIV F/3′ orf encodes a phosphorylated GTP-binding protein resembling an oncogene product. Nature 330:266-269.
28. Higgins, J. R., S. Sutjipto, P. A Marx, and N. C. Pedersen. 1992. Shared antigenic epitopes of the major core proteins of human and simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. J. Med. Primatol. 21:265-269.
29. Ho, S. N., H. D. Hunt, R. M. Horton, J. K. Pullen, and L. R. Pease. 1989. Site directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 77:51-59.
30. Howe, A. Y. M., J. U. Jung, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1998. Zeta chain of the T-cell receptor interacts with Nef of simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 2. J. Virol. 72:9827-9834.
31. Hua, J., and B. R. Cullen. 1997. Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus Nef use distinct but overlapping target sites for downregulation of cell surface CD4. J. Virol. 71:6742-6748.
32. Huang, Y., L. Zhang, and D. D. Ho. 1995. Characterization of nef sequences in long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J. Virol. 69:93-100.
33. Iafrate, A. J., S. Bronson, and J. Skowronski. 1997. Separable functions of Nef disrupt two aspects of T cell receptor machinery: CD4 expression and CD3 signaling. EMBO J. 16:673-684.
34. + lymphocyte depletion in rhesus monkeys. J. Virol. 71:4218-4225.
35. Kestler, H. W., T. Kodama, D. J. Ringler, M. Marthas, N. Pedersen, A Lackner, D. Regier, P. K. Sehgal, M. D. Daniel, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1990. Induction of AIDS in rhesus monkeys by molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus. Science 248:1109-1112.
36. Kestler, H. W., D. J. Ringler, K. Mori, D. L. Panicall, P. K. Sehgal, M. D. Daniel, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1991. Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS. Cell 65:651-662.
37. Khan, I. H., E. T. Sawai, E. Antonio, C. J. Weber, C. P. Mandell, P. Montbriand, and P. A Luciw. 1998. Role of the SH3-ligand domain of simian immunodeficiency virus Nef in interaction with Nef-associated kinase and simian AIDS in rhesus macaques. J. Virol. 72:5820-5830.
38. Kirchhoff, F., H. W. Kestler III, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1994. Upstream U3 sequences in simian immunodeficiency virus are selectively deleted in vivo in the absence of an intact nef gene. J. Virol. 68:2031-2037.
39. Kirchhoff, F., T. C. Greenough, D. B. Brettler, J. L. Sullivan, and R. C. Desrosiers. 1995. Absence of intact nef sequences in a long-term, nonpro-gressing survivor of HIV-1 infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 332:228-232.
40. Kirchhoff. F., S. Pöhlmann, M. Hamacher, R. E. Means, T. Kraus, K. Überla, and P. Di Marzio. 1997. Simian immunodeficiency virus variants with differential T-cell and macrophage tropism use CCR5 and an unidentified cofactor expressed in CEMx174 cells for efficient entry. J. Virol. 71:6509-6516.
41. Kirchhoff, F., P. J. Easterbrook, N. Douglas, M. Troop, T. C. Greenough, J. Weber, S. Carl, J. L. Sullivan, and R. S. Daniels. 1999. Sequence variations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef are associated with a different stages of disease. J. Virol. 73:5497-5508.
42. Kozak, M. 1986. Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Cell 44:283-292.
43. Lang, S. M., A. J. Iafrate, C. Stahl-Hennig, E. M. Kuhn, T. NIßlein, M. Haupt, G. Hunsmann, J. Skowronski, and F. Kirchhoff. 1997. Association of simian immunodeficiency virus Nef with cellular serine/threonine kinases is dispensable for the development of AIDS in rhesus macaques. Nat. Med. 3:860-865.
44. Lee, C. H., B. Leung, M. A. Lemmon, J. Zheng, D. Cowburn, J. Kuriyan, and K. Saksela. 1995. A single amino acid in the SH3 domain of Hck determines its high affinity and specificity in binding to HIV-1 Nef protein. EMBO J. 14:5006-5015.
45. Lee, C. H., K. Saksela, U. A. Mina, B. T. Chait, and J. Kuriyan. 1996. Crystal structure of the conserved core of HIV-1 Nef complexed with a Src family SH3 domain. Cell 85:931-942.
46. Le Gall, S., M. C. Prevost, J. M. Heard, and O. Schwartz. 1997. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef independently affects virion incorporation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and virus infectivity. Virology 229:295-301.
47. Linhart, H., B. R. Gundlach, S. Sopper, U. Dittmer, K. Matz-Rensing, E. M. Kuhn, J. Muller, G. Hunsmann, C. Stahl-Hennig, and K. Uberla. 1997. Live attenuated SIV vaccines are not effective in a postexposure vaccination model. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13:593-599.
48. Lock, M., M. E. Greenberg, A. J. Iafrate, T. Swigut, J. Münch, F. Kirchhoff, N. Shohdy, and J. Skowronski. 1999. Two elements target SIV Nef to the AP-2 clathrin adaptor complex, but only one is required for the induction of CD4 endocytosis. EMBO J. 18:2722-2733.
49. Luria, S., I. Chambers, and P. Berg. 1991. Expression of the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Nef protein in T cells prevents antigen receptormediated induction of interleukin 2 mRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:5326-5330.
50. Mariani, R., and J. Skowronski. 1993. CD4 down-regulation by nef alleles isolated from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5549-5553.
51. Michael, N. L., G. Chang, L. A. d'Arcy, C. J. Tseng, D. L. Birx, and H. W. Sheppard. 1995. Functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef genes in patients with divergent rates of disease progression. J. Virol. 69:6758-6769.
52. Miller, M. D., M. T. Warmerdam, I. Gaston, W. C. Greene, and M. B. Feinberg. 1994. The human immunodeficiency virus-1 nef gene product: a positive factor for viral infection and replication in primary lymphocytes and macrophages. J. Exp. Med. 179:101-114.
53. Myers, G., B. Korber, S. Wain-Hobson, and R. F. Smith. 1993. Human retroviruses and AIDS. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N. Mex.
54. Nunn, M. F., and J. W. Marsh. 1996. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef associates with a member of the p21-activated kinase family. J. Virol. 70:6157-6161.
55. Piguet, V., Y. L. Chen, A. Mangasarian, M. Foti, J. L. Carpentier, and D. Trono. 1998. Mechanism of Nef-induced CD4 endocytosis: Nef connects CD4 with the mu chain of adaptor complexes. EMBO J. 17:2472-2481.
56. Potts, B. J. 1990. "Mini" reverse transcriptase (RT) assay, p. 103-106. In A. Aldovini, and B. D. Walker (ed.), Techniques in HIV research. Stockton, New York, N.Y.
57. Regier, D. A., and R. C. Desrosiers. 1989. The complete nucleotide sequence of a pathogenic molecular clone of SIV. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 6:1221-1231.
58. + viruses but not for down-regulation of CD4. EMBO J. 14:484-491.
59. Salvi, R., A. R. Garbuglia, A. Di Caro, S. Pulciani, F. Montella, and A. Benedetto. 1998. Grossly defective nef gene sequences in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive long-term nonprogressor. J. Virol. 72: 3646-3657.
60. Sanfridson, A., B. R. Cullen, and C. Doyle. 1994. The simian immunodeficiency virus Nef protein promotes degradation of CD4 in human T cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269:3917-3920.
61. Sawai, E. T., A. Baur, H. Struble, B. M. Peterlin, J. A. Levy, and C. Cheng-Mayer. 1994. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef associates with a cellular serine kinase in T lymphocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:1539-1543.
62. Schwartz, O., V. Marechal, S. Le Gall, F. Lemonnier, and J. M. Heard. 1996. Endocytosis of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules is induced by the HIV-1 Nef protein. Nat. Med. 2:338342.
63. Shibata, R., M. Kawamura, H. Sakai, M. Hayaml, A. Ishimoto, and A. Adachi. 1991. Generation of a chimeric human and simian immunodeficiency virus infectious to monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J. Virol. 65:3514-3520.
64. Shibata, R., F. Maldarelli, C. Siemon, T. Matano, M. Parta, G. Miller, T. Fredrickson, and M. A. Martin. 1997. Infection and pathogenicity of chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency viruses in macaques: determinants of high virus loads and CD4 cell killing. J. Infect. Dis. 176:362-373.
65. Shugars, D. C., M. S. Smith, D. H. Glueck, P. V. Nantermet, F. Seillier-Moiseiwitsch, and R. Swanstrom. 1993. Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene sequences present in vivo. J. Virol. 47:4639-4650.
66. Sinclair, E., P. Barbosa, and M. B. Feinberg. 1997. The nef gene products of both simian and human immunodeficiency viruses enhance virus infectivity and are functionally interchangeable. J. Virol. 71:3641-3651.
67. Skowronski, J., D. Parks, and R. Mariani. 1993. Altered T cell activation and development in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 nef gene. EMBO J. 12:703-713.
68. Skowronski, J., and R. Mariani. 1995. Transient assay for Nef-induced down-regulation of CD4 antigen expression on the cell surface, p. 231-242. In J. Karn (ed.), HIV-1: a practical approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
69. Spina, C. A., T. J. Kwoh, M. Y. Chowers, J. C. Guatelli, and D. D. Richman. 1994. The importance of nef in the induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication from primary quiescent CD4 lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 179:115-123.
70. Stahl-Hennig, C., O. Herchenröder, S. Nick, M. Evers, M. Stille-Siegener, K.-D., Jentsch, F., Kirchhoff, T., Tolle, T. J. Gatesmann, W. Lüke, and G. Hunsmann. 1990. Experimental infection of macaques with HIV-2BEN a novel HIV-2 isolate. AIDS 4:611-617.
71. Stahl-Hennig, C., G. Voss, S. Nick, H. Petry, D. Fuchs, H. Wachter, C. Coulibaly, W. Luke, and G. Hunsmann. 1992. Immunization with Tweenether-treated SIV adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide protects monkeys against experimental SIV infection. Virology 186:588-596.
72. Ten Haaft, P., B. Verstrepen, K. Überla, B. Rosenwirth, and J. Heeney. 1998. A pathogenic threshold of virus load defined in simian immunodeficiency virus- or simian-human immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques. J. Virol. 72:10281-10285.
73. Zazopoulos, E., and W. A. Haseltine. 1993. Efect of nef alleles on replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Virology 194:20-27.