메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 96, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 261-269

Modern concepts of primary prevention;Neue konzepte der primärprävention erfordern umdenken

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Coronary artery disease; Imaging; Prevention

Indexed keywords

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURVIVAL;

EID: 0342538722     PISSN: 07235003     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/pl00002203     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0029949496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of electron beam computed tomography of the coronary arteries. 19-month follow-up of 1173 asymptomatic subjects
    • Arad Y, Spadaro LA, Goodman K, et al. Predictive value of electron beam computed tomography of the coronary arteries. 19-month follow-up of 1173 asymptomatic subjects. Circulation 1996;93:1951-3.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.93 , pp. 1951-1953
    • Arad, Y.1    Spadaro, L.A.2    Goodman, K.3
  • 2
    • 0033810006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of coronary events with electron beam computed tomography
    • Arad Y, Spadaro LA, Goodman K, et al. Prediction of coronary events with electron beam computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:1253-60.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 1253-1260
    • Arad, Y.1    Spadaro, L.A.2    Goodman, K.3
  • 3
    • 0029884921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertriglyceridemia and elevated lipoprotein(a) are risk factors for major coronary events in middle-aged me
    • Assmann G, Sculte H, von Eckardstein A. Hypertriglyceridemia and elevated lipoprotein(a) are risk factors for major coronary events in middle-aged me. Am J Cardiol 1996;77:1179-84.
    • (1996) Am J Cardiol , vol.77 , pp. 1179-1184
    • Assmann, G.1    Sculte, H.2    Von Eckardstein, A.3
  • 4
    • 0000845913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary heart disease: Reducing the risk. The scientific background for primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. A worldwide view
    • Assmann G, Carmena R, Cullen P, et al., for the International Task Force tor the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. Coronary heart disease: reducing the risk. The scientific background for primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. A worldwide view. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 1998;8:205-71.
    • (1998) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.8 , pp. 205-271
    • Assmann, G.1    Carmena, R.2    Cullen, P.3
  • 5
    • 0030118977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 27th Bethesda conference: Matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary heart disease events
    • Bethesda Conference Report. 27th Bethesda Conference: Matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary heart disease events. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:957-1047.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 957-1047
  • 6
    • 0031720879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery disease: Improved reproducibility of calcium screening with an electron-beam CT volumetric method
    • Callister TQ, Cooil B, Raya SP, et al. Coronary artery disease: improved reproducibility of calcium screening with an electron-beam CT volumetric method. Radiology 1998;208:807-14.
    • (1998) Radiology , vol.208 , pp. 807-814
    • Callister, T.Q.1    Cooil, B.2    Raya, S.P.3
  • 7
    • 0032585608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on coronary artery disease as assessed by electron-beam computed tomography
    • Callister TQ, Raggi P, Cooil B, et al. Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on coronary artery disease as assessed by electron-beam computed tomography. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1972-8.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1972-1978
    • Callister, T.Q.1    Raggi, P.2    Cooil, B.3
  • 9
    • 0030848434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, 1987-1993
    • Chambless LE, Heiss G, Folsom AR, et al. Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987-1993. Am J Epidemiol 1997;146:483-96.
    • (1997) Am J Epidemiol , vol.146 , pp. 483-496
    • Chambless, L.E.1    Heiss, G.2    Folsom, A.R.3
  • 10
    • 0030666863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population versus clinical view of case fatality from acute coronary heart disease - Results from the WHO Monica project 1985-1990
    • Chambless L, Keil U, Dobson A, et al. Population versus clinical view of case fatality from acute coronary heart disease - results from the WHO Monica project 1985-1990. Circulation 1997;96:3849-59.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 3849-3859
    • Chambless, L.1    Keil, U.2    Dobson, A.3
  • 11
    • 0032694263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart-rate recovery immediately after exercise as a predictor of mortality
    • Cole CR, Blackstone EH, Pashkow FJ, et al. Heart-rate recovery immediately after exercise as a predictor of mortality. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1351-7.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 1351-1357
    • Cole, C.R.1    Blackstone, E.H.2    Pashkow, F.J.3
  • 12
    • 0028168238 scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein Lp(a) as predictor of myocardial infarction in comparison to fibrinogen, LDL cholesterol and other risk factors: Results from the prospective Goettingen Risk Incidence and Prevalence Study (GRIPS)
    • Cremer P, Nagel P, Labrot B, et al. Lipoprotein Lp(a) as predictor of myocardial infarction in comparison to fibrinogen, LDL cholesterol and other risk factors: results from the prospective Goettingen Risk Incidence and Prevalence Study (GRIPS). Eur J Clin Invest 1994;24:444-53.
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.24 , pp. 444-453
    • Cremer, P.1    Nagel, P.2    Labrot, B.3
  • 13
    • 0030972032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year follow-up results from the Goettingen Risk, Incidence and Prevalence Study (GRIPS). I. Risk factors for myocardial infarction in a cohort of 5790 men
    • Cremer P, Nagel D, Mann H, et al. Ten-year follow-up results from the Goettingen Risk, Incidence and Prevalence Study (GRIPS). I. Risk factors for myocardial infarction in a cohort of 5790 men. Atherosclerosis 1997;129:221-30.
    • (1997) Atherosclerosis , vol.129 , pp. 221-230
    • Cremer, P.1    Nagel, D.2    Mann, H.3
  • 14
    • 0026501734 scopus 로고
    • Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Criqui MH, Langer RD, Fronek A, et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med 1992;3226:381-6.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.3226 , pp. 381-386
    • Criqui, M.H.1    Langer, R.D.2    Fronek, A.3
  • 15
    • 0031725277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of new cardiovascular risk factors
    • Cullen P, von Eckardstein A, Assmann G. Diagnosis and management of new cardiovascular risk factors. Eur Heart J 1998;19:Suppl O:O13-9.
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. O
    • Cullen, P.1    Von Eckardstein, A.2    Assmann, G.3
  • 16
    • 0033602810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary calcium does not accurately predict near-term future coronary events in high-risk adults
    • Detrano RC, Wong ND, Doherty TM, et al. Coronary calcium does not accurately predict near-term future coronary events in high-risk adults. Circulation 1999; 99:2633-8.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2633-2638
    • Detrano, R.C.1    Wong, N.D.2    Doherty, T.M.3
  • 17
    • 0027489349 scopus 로고
    • Role of preclinical cardiovascular disease in the evolution from risk factor exposure to development ot morbid events
    • Devereux R, Alderman M. Role of preclinical cardiovascular disease in the evolution from risk factor exposure to development ot morbid events. Circulation 1993; 88:1444-55.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 1444-1455
    • Devereux, R.1    Alderman, M.2
  • 18
    • 0010551006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: A major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A joint editorial statement by the American Diabetes Association: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International; the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; and the American Heart Association
    • Diabetes mellitus: a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A joint editorial statement by the American Diabetes Association: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; The Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International; The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; and The American Heart Association. Circulanon 1999;100:1132-3.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 1132-1133
  • 19
    • 0032885836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated systolic hypertension: Prognostic information provided by pulse pressure
    • Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA, et al. Isolated systolic hypertension: prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertension 1999;34:375-80.
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.34 , pp. 375-380
    • Domanski, M.J.1    Davis, B.R.2    Pfeffer, M.A.3
  • 20
    • 0032572086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study
    • Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. JAMA 1998;279:1615-22.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 1615-1622
    • Downs, J.R.1    Clearfield, M.2    Weis, S.3
  • 21
    • 0028641172 scopus 로고
    • Long-term survival of medically treated patients in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry
    • Emond M, Mock MB, Davis KB, et al. Long-term survival of medically treated patients in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry. Circulation 1994; 90:2645-57.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 2645-2657
    • Emond, M.1    Mock, M.B.2    Davis, K.B.3
  • 23
    • 0028154543 scopus 로고
    • National cholesterol education program: Second report of the expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel II)
    • Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. National Cholesterol Education Program: second report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II). Circulation 1994;89:1329-445.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.89 , pp. 1329-1445
  • 24
    • 0034255293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive in vivo human coronary artery lumen and wall imaging using black-blood magnetic resonance imaging
    • Fayad ZA, Fuster V, Fallon JT, et al. Noninvasive in vivo human coronary artery lumen and wall imaging using black-blood magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 2000;102:506-10,
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 506-510
    • Fayad, Z.A.1    Fuster, V.2    Fallon, J.T.3
  • 25
    • 0030787769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing - A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Exercise Testing)
    • Gibbons RJ, Balady GJ, Beasley JW, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing - a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Exercise Testing). J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:260-315.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.30 , pp. 260-315
    • Gibbons, R.J.1    Balady, G.J.2    Beasley, J.W.3
  • 26
    • 0034648734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphisms in the factor VII gene and the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Girelli D, Russo C, Ferraresi P, et al. Polymorphisms in the factor VII gene and the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2000;343:774-80.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 774-780
    • Girelli, D.1    Russo, C.2    Ferraresi, P.3
  • 27
    • 0034602617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: Identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Noninvasive tests of atherosclerotic burden. Writing Group III
    • Greenland P, Abrams J, Aurigemma GP, et al. Prevention Conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Noninvasive tests of atherosclerotic burden. Writing Group III. Circulation 2000;101:e16-22.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101
    • Greenland, P.1    Abrams, J.2    Aurigemma, G.P.3
  • 28
    • 0025308812 scopus 로고
    • Coronary heart disease in high-risk populations: Lessons from Finland
    • Grundy SM, Wilhelmsen L, Rose R, et al. Coronary heart disease in high-risk populations: lessons from Finland. Eur Heart J 1990;11:462-71.
    • (1990) Eur Heart J , vol.11 , pp. 462-471
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Wilhelmsen, L.2    Rose, R.3
  • 29
    • 0032510662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of coronary heart disease: Guidance from Framingham. A statement for healthcare professionals from the AHA Task Force on Risk Reduction
    • Grundy SM, Balady GJ, Criqui MH, et al. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease: guidance from Framingham. A statement for healthcare professionals from the AHA Task Force on Risk Reduction. Circulation 1998;97:1876-87.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , pp. 1876-1887
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Balady, G.J.2    Criqui, M.H.3
  • 30
    • 0033562512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age as a risk factor: You are as old as your arteries
    • Grundy SM. Age as a risk factor: you are as old as your arteries. Am J Cardiol 1999;83:1455-7.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , pp. 1455-1457
    • Grundy, S.M.1
  • 31
    • 0033621070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention ot coronary heart disease. Integrating risk assessment with intervention
    • Grundy SM. Primary prevention ot coronary heart disease. Integrating risk assessment with intervention. Circulation 1999;100:988-98.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 988-998
    • Grundy, S.M.1
  • 32
    • 0034602619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: Identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Medical office assessment. Writing Group I
    • Grundy SM, Bazzarre T, Cleeman J, et al. Prevention Conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Medical office assessment. Writing Group I. Circulation 2000; 101:e3-11.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Bazzarre, T.2    Cleeman, J.3
  • 33
    • 0024214548 scopus 로고
    • Preexisting coronary stenoses in patients with first myocardial infarction are not necessarily severe
    • Hackett D, Davies G, Maseri A. Preexisting coronary stenoses in patients with first myocardial infarction are not necessarily severe. Eur Heart J 1988;9:1317-23.
    • (1988) Eur Heart J , vol.9 , pp. 1317-1323
    • Hackett, D.1    Davies, G.2    Maseri, A.3
  • 34
    • 0032560807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction
    • Haffner SM, Lehte S, Ronnemaa T, et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:313-8.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 313-318
    • Haffner, S.M.1    Lehte, S.2    Ronnemaa, T.3
  • 35
    • 0030729674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of coronary artery disease to atherosclerotic disease in the aorta, carotid, and femoral arteries evaluated by ultrasound
    • Khoury Z, Schwartz R, Gottlieb S, et al. Relation of coronary artery disease to atherosclerotic disease in the aorta, carotid, and femoral arteries evaluated by ultrasound. Am J Cardiol 1997;80:1429-33.
    • (1997) Am J Cardiol , vol.80 , pp. 1429-1433
    • Khoury, Z.1    Schwartz, R.2    Gottlieb, S.3
  • 36
    • 0032923669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: Results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg cohort study, 1984 to 1992
    • Koenig W, Sund M, Froelich M, et al. C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: results from the MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Augsburg Cohort Study, 1984 to 1992. Circulation 1999;99:237-42.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 237-242
    • Koenig, W.1    Sund, M.2    Froelich, M.3
  • 37
    • 0027457074 scopus 로고
    • Discussion: Why measure atherosclerosis? AHA symposium/epidemiology meeting: Atherosclerosis
    • Kuller LH. Discussion: Why measure atherosclerosis? AHA symposium/epidemiology meeting: atherosclerosis. Circulation 1993;87:Suppl II:II-34-7.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , Issue.SUPPL. II
    • Kuller, L.H.1
  • 38
    • 0030027548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol agonistics
    • LaRosa JC. Cholesterol agonistics. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:505-8.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.124 , pp. 505-508
    • LaRosa, J.C.1
  • 39
    • 0023722916 scopus 로고
    • Can coronary angiography predict the site of a subsequent myocardial infarction in patients with mild-to-moderate coronary artery disease?
    • Little WC. Constantinescu M, Applegate RJ, et al. Can coronary angiography predict the site of a subsequent myocardial infarction in patients with mild-to-moderate coronary artery disease? Circulation 1988;78:1157-66.
    • (1988) Circulation , vol.78 , pp. 1157-1166
    • Little, W.C.1    Constantinescu, M.2    Applegate, R.J.3
  • 40
    • 0033537343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime risk of developing coronary artery disease
    • Lloyd-Jones DM, Larson MG, Beiser A, et al. Lifetime risk of developing coronary artery disease. Lancet 1999;353:89-92.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 89-92
    • Lloyd-Jones, D.M.1    Larson, M.G.2    Beiser, A.3
  • 41
    • 2242435309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akuter herzinfarkt und plötzlicher herztod aus epidemiologischer sicht
    • Löwel H, Engel S, Hormann A, et al. Akuter Herzinfarkt und plötzlicher Herztod aus epidemiologischer Sicht. Intensivmedizin 1999;36:652-61.
    • (1999) Intensivmedizin , vol.36 , pp. 652-661
    • Löwel, H.1    Engel, S.2    Hormann, A.3
  • 42
    • 0027312622 scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in hypertensive adults with a low ankle/arm blood pressure index
    • Newman AB, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Vogt MT, et al. Morbidity and mortality in hypertensive adults with a low ankle/arm blood pressure index. JAMA 1993;270:487-9.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 487-489
    • Newman, A.B.1    Sutton-Tyrrell, K.2    Vogt, M.T.3
  • 43
    • 0033531215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults
    • O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, et al., for the Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. N Engl J Med 1999;340:14-22.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 14-22
    • O'Leary, D.H.1    Polak, J.F.2    Kronmal, R.A.3
  • 44
    • 0027652033 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of peripheral vascular disease in diabetes: Report and recommendations of an international workshop sponsored by the American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association
    • Orchard TJ, Strandness DE Jr. Assessment of peripheral vascular disease in diabetes: report and recommendations of an international workshop sponsored by the American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association. Circulation 1993;88:819-28.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 819-828
    • Orchard, T.J.1    Strandness D.E., Jr.2
  • 45
    • 18144451728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association expert consensus document on electron-beam computed tomography for the diagnosis and prognosis ot coronary artery disease
    • O'Rourke RA, Brundage BH, Froelicher VF, et al. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Expert Consensus Document on electron-beam computed tomography for the diagnosis and prognosis ot coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36: 326-40.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol. , vol.36 , pp. 326-340
    • O'Rourke, R.A.1    Brundage, B.H.2    Froelicher, V.F.3
  • 46
    • 0033602799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification for the detection of preclinical coronary artery disease
    • Pitt B, Rubenfire M. Risk Stratification for the detection of preclinical coronary artery disease. Circulation 1999; 99:2610-2.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2610-2612
    • Pitt, B.1    Rubenfire, M.2
  • 47
    • 0033993755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of patients at increased risk of first unheralded acute myocardial infarction by electron-beam computed tomography
    • Raggi P, Callister TQ, Cooil B, et al. Identification of patients at increased risk of first unheralded acute myocardial infarction by electron-beam computed tomography. Circulation 2000;101:850-5.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 850-855
    • Raggi, P.1    Callister, T.Q.2    Cooil, B.3
  • 48
    • 0029037649 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven GM. Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human disease. Physiol Rev 1995;75:473-86.
    • (1995) Physiol Rev , vol.75 , pp. 473-486
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 49
    • 0032566401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women
    • Ridker PM, Buring JE, Shih J, et al. Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women. Circulation 1998;98:731-3.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 731-733
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Buring, J.E.2    Shih, J.3
  • 50
    • 0032578993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of treadmill exercise testing. A population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota
    • Roger VL, Jacobsen SJ, Pellikka PA, et al. Prognostic value of treadmill exercise testing. A population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Circulation 1998;98:2836-41.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 2836-2841
    • Roger, V.L.1    Jacobsen, S.J.2    Pellikka, P.A.3
  • 51
    • 0032563824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in mortality due to coronary heart disease, 1987 to 1994
    • Rosamond WD, Chambless LE, Folsom AR, et al. Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in mortality due to coronary heart disease, 1987 to 1994. N Engl J Med 1998;339:861-7.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 861-867
    • Rosamond, W.D.1    Chambless, L.E.2    Folsom, A.R.3
  • 52
    • 0033552883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis - An inflammatory disease
    • Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:114-26.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 114-126
    • Ross, R.1
  • 53
    • 0028807874 scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery calcium area by electron-beam computed tomography and coronary atherosclerotic plaque area. A histopathologic correlative study
    • Rumberger JA, Simons DB, Fitzpatrick LA, et al. Coronary artery calcium area by electron-beam computed tomography and coronary atherosclerotic plaque area. A histopathologic correlative study. Circulation 1995; 92:2157-62.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 2157-2162
    • Rumberger, J.A.1    Simons, D.B.2    Fitzpatrick, L.A.3
  • 54
    • 0032835123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent and incremental value of coronary artery calcium for predicting the extent of angiographic coronary artery disease: Comparison with cardiac risk factors and radionuclide perfusion imaging
    • Schmermund A, Denktas AE, Rumberger JA, et al. Independent and incremental value of coronary artery calcium for predicting the extent of angiographic coronary artery disease: comparison with cardiac risk factors and radionuclide perfusion imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:777-86.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.34 , pp. 777-786
    • Schmermund, A.1    Denktas, A.E.2    Rumberger, J.A.3
  • 55
    • 0025831464 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results ot the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)
    • SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results ot the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 1991;265:3255-64.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 3255-3264
  • 56
    • 0028883828 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of coronary artery disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia
    • Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, et al., for the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary artery disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1301-7.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1301-1307
    • Shepherd, J.1    Cobbe, S.M.2    Ford, I.3
  • 57
    • 0032833591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From best evidence to best practice - What are the obstacles?
    • Shepherd J. From best evidence to best practice - what are the obstacles? Atherosclerosis 1999;147:Suppl 1:S45-51.
    • (1999) Atherosclerosis , vol.147 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Shepherd, J.1
  • 58
    • 0032724813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic accuracy of ex-vivo MRI for human atherosclerotic plaque characterization
    • Shinnar M, Fallon JT, Wherli S, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of ex-vivo MRI for human atherosclerotic plaque characterization. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 1999;19:2756-61.
    • (1999) Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.19 , pp. 2756-2761
    • Shinnar, M.1    Fallon, J.T.2    Wherli, S.3
  • 59
    • 17344383811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: Identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Tests for silent and inducible ischemia. Writing Group II
    • Smith SC, Amsterdam E, Balady, et al. Prevention Conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Tests for silent and inducible ischemia. Writing Group II. Circulation 2000;101:e12-5.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101
    • Smith, S.C.1    Amsterdam, E.2    Balady3
  • 60
    • 0034602627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: Identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Executive summary
    • Smith SC, Greenland P, Grundy SM. Prevention Conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: Identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Executive summary. Circulation 2000;101:111-6.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 111-116
    • Smith, S.C.1    Greenland, P.2    Grundy, S.M.3
  • 61
    • 0343487983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised double-blind comparison ot placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators
    • Staessen JA, Fagard R, Thijs L, et al. Randomised double-blind comparison ot placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. Lancet 1997;350:757-64.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 757-764
    • Staessen, J.A.1    Fagard, R.2    Thijs, L.3
  • 62
    • 0023025526 scopus 로고
    • Is the relationship between serum cholesterol and risk ot premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356, 222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)
    • Stamler J, Wentworth D, Neaton JD. Is the relationship between serum cholesterol and risk ot premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356, 222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). JAMA 1986; 256:2823-8.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 2823-2828
    • Stamler, J.1    Wentworth, D.2    Neaton, J.D.3
  • 63
    • 0033485508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low risk-factor profile and long-term cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality and life expectancy. Findings for 5 large cohorts of young adult and middle-aged men and women
    • Stamler J, Stamler R, Neaton JD, et al. Low risk-factor profile and long-term cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality and life expectancy. Findings for 5 large cohorts of young adult and middle-aged men and women. JAMA 1999;282:2012-8.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 2012-2018
    • Stamler, J.1    Stamler, R.2    Neaton, J.D.3
  • 64
    • 0343352073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistisches bundesamt. Datenreport 1999
    • Abschnitt 8 (Gesundheir). Wiesbaden
    • Statistisches Bundesamt. Datenreport 1999. Zahlen und Fakten über die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Teil 1, Abschnitt 8 (Gesundheir). Wiesbaden, 1999:176-95.
    • (1999) Zahlen und Fakten über die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Teil 1 , vol.8 , pp. 176-195
  • 65
    • 0030713021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure
    • Erratum veröffentlicht in Arch Intern Med 1998;158:573
    • The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure [Erratum veröffentlicht in Arch Intern Med 1998;158:573]. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157:2413-46.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 2413-2446
  • 66
    • 0034701482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the optimal age for starting lipid lowering treatment? A mathematical model
    • Ulrich S, Hingorani AD, Martin J, et al. What is the optimal age for starting lipid lowering treatment? A mathematical model. Br Med J 2000;320:1134-40.
    • (2000) Br Med J , vol.320 , pp. 1134-1140
    • Ulrich, S.1    Hingorani, A.D.2    Martin, J.3
  • 67
    • 9544249488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery calcification: Pathophysiology, epidemiology, imaging methods, and clinical implications. A statement for health professionals from the American Heart Association
    • Wexler L, Brundage B, Crouse J, et al. Coronary artery calcification: pathophysiology, epidemiology, imaging methods, and clinical implications. A statement for health professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation 1996;94:1175-92.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 1175-1192
    • Wexler, L.1    Brundage, B.2    Crouse, J.3
  • 68
    • 0032510639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction ot coronary heart disease using risk factor categories
    • Wilson PWF, D'Agostino RB, Levy D. et al. Prediction ot coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation 1998;97:1837-47.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , pp. 1837-1847
    • Wilson, P.W.F.1    D'Agostino, R.B.2    Levy, D.3
  • 69
    • 0032189666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Recommendations ot the Second Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Coronary Prevention
    • Wood D, De Backer G, Faergeman O, et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Recommendations ot the Second Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Coronary Prevention. Eur Heart J 1998;19:1434-503.
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 1434-1503
    • Wood, D.1    De Backer, G.2    Faergeman, O.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.