A review of the bystander effect and its implications for low-dose exposure

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

Volumn 104, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 347-355

  Prise, K M ^a   Folkard, M ^a   Michael, B D ^a  

^a MOUNT VERNON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL DNA;

BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BYSTANDER EFFECT; CELL INTERACTION; CELL POPULATION; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; GENETIC DAMAGE; HELIUM ION RADIATION; HUMAN; IONIZING RADIATION; LINEAR SYSTEM; LOW ENERGY RADIATION; MONITORING; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PROTON RADIATION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RADIATION BEAM; RADIATION DOSE; RADIATION ENERGY; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIATION HAZARD; RADIATION MEASUREMENT; RADIATION RESPONSE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TISSUE INTERACTION;

EID: 0142061531     PISSN: 01448420     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006198     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Hall, E. J. Radiobiology for the Radiologist (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins) (2000).
2. Ward, J. F. The yield of DNA double-strand breaks produced intracellularly by ionizing radiation: a review. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 57(6), 1141-1150 (1990).
3. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Human respiratory tract model for radiological protection. A report of the task group of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 66 (New York: Pergamon Press) (1994).
4. Nagasawa, H. and Little, J. B. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by extremely low doses of α-particles. Cancer Res. 52(22 , 6394-6396 (1992).
5. Hickman, A. W., Jaramillo, R. J., Lechner, J. F. and Johnson, N. F. α-particle-induced p53 expression in a rat lung epithelial cell strain. Cancer Res. 54(22), 5797-5800 (1994).
6. Deshpande, A., Goodwin, E. H., Bailey, S. M., Marrone, B. L. and Lehnert, B. E. Alpha-particle-induced sister chromatid exchange in normal human lung fibroblasts: evidence for an extranuclear target. Radiat. Res. 145(3), 260-267 (1996).
7. Narayanan, P. K., LaRue, K. E., Goodwin, E. H. and Lehnert, B. E. Alpha particles induce the production of interleukin-8 by human cells. Radiat. Res. 152(1), 57-63 (1999).
8. Lehnert, B. E. and Goodwin, E. H. Extracellular factor(s) following exposure to α-particles can cause sister chromatid exchanges in normal human cells. Cancer Res. 57(11), 2164-2171 (1997).
9. Narayanan, P. K., Goodwin, E. H. and Lehnert, B. E. α-particles initiate biological production of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in human cells. Cancer Res. 57(18), 3963-3971 (1997).
10. Mothersill, C. and Seymour, C. Medium from irradiated human epithelial cells but not human fibroblasts reduces the clonogenic survival of irradiated cells. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 71(4), 421-427 (1997).
11. Seymour, C. B. and Mothersill, C. Delayed expression of lethal mutations and genomic instability in the progeny of human epithelial cells that survived in a bystander-killing environment. Radiat. Oncol. Invest. 5(3), 106-110 (1997).
12. Mothersill, C. and Seymour, C. B. Cell-cell contact during gamma irradiation is not required to induce a bystander effect in normal human keratinocytes: evidence for release during irradiation of a signal controlling survival into the medium. Radiat. Res. 149(3), 256-262 (1998).
13. Lyng, F. M., Seymour, C. B. and Mothersill, C. Initiation of apoptosis in cells exposed to medium from the progeny of irradiated cells: a possible mechanism for bystander-induced genomic instability? Radiat. Res. 157(4), 365-370 (2002).
14. Korystov, Yu. N., Shaposhnikova, V. V., Dobrovinskaya, O. R. and Eidus, L. Intercellular interactions in the interphase death of irradiated thymocytes. Radiat. Res. 134(3), 301-306 (1993).
15. Matsumoto, H., Hayashi, S., Hatashita, M., Ohnishi, K., Shioura, H., Ohtsubo, T., Kitai, R., Ohnishi, T. and Kano, E. Induction of radioresistance by a nitric oxide-mediated bystander effect. Radiat. Res. 155(3), 387-396 (2001).
16. Azzam, E. I., de Toledo, S. M., Gooding, T. and Little, J. B. Intercellular communication is involved in the bystander regulation of gene expression in human cells exposed to very low fluences of alpha particles. Radiat. Res. 150(5), 497-504 (1998).
17. Nagasawa, H., Cremesti, A., Kolesnick, R., Fuks, Z. and Little, J. B. Involvement of membrane signaling in the bystander effect in irradiated cells. Cancer Res. 62(9), 2531-2534 (2002).
18. Bishayee, A., Rao, D. V. and Howell, R. W. Evidence for pronounced bystander effects caused by nonuniform distributions of radioactivity using a novel three-dimensional tissue culture model. Radiat. Res. 152(1), 88-97 (1999).
19. Iyer, R. and Lehnert, B. E. Factors underlying the cell growth-related bystander responses to alpha particles. Cancer Res. 60(5), 1290-1298 (2000).
20. Iyer, R. and Lehnert, B. E. Low dose, low-LET ionizing radiation-induced radioadaptation and associated early responses in unirradiated cells. Mutat. Res. 503(1-2), 1-9 (2002).
21. Iyer, R. and Lehnert, B. E. Alpha-particle-induced increases in the radioresistance of normal human bystander cells. Radiat. Res. 157(1), 3-7 (2002).
22. Ward, J. F. The radiation induced lesions which trigger the bystander effect. Mutat. Res. 499(2), 151-154 (2002).
23. Huo, L., Nagasawa, H. and Little, J. B. HPRT mutants induced in bystander cells by very low fluences of alpha particles result primarily from point mutations. Radiat. Res. 156(5 Pt 1), 521-525 (2001).
24. Joiner, M. C., Marples, B., Lambin, P., Short, S. C. and Turesson, I. Low-dose hypersensitivity: current status and possible mechanisms. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 49(2), 379-389 (2001).
25. Prise, K. M., Folkard, M. and Michael, B. D. The use of microbeams in radiation biology: an overview. In: Radiation Research. Ed. M. Moriarty, et al pp. 174-177 (Lawrence, KS: Allen Press) (2000).
26. Braby, L. A. Microbeam studies of the sensitivity of structures within living cells. Scanning Microsc. 6(1), 164-174 (1992).
27. Folkard, M., Vojnovic, B., Hollis, K. J., Bowey, A. G., Watts, S. J., Schettino, G., Prise, K. M. and Michael, B. D. A charged particle microbeam: II A single-particle micro-collimation and detection system. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 72(4), 387-395 (1997).
28. Folkard, M., Vojnovic, B., Prise, K. M., Bowey, A. G., Locke, R. J., Schettino, G. and Michael, B. D. A charged-particle microbeam I. Development of an experimental system for targeting cells individually with counted particles. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 72(4), 375-385 (1997).
29. Randers-Pehrson, G., Geard, C. R., Johnson, G., Elliston, C. D. and Brenner, D. J. The Columbia University, single-ion microbeam. Radiat. Res. 156(2), 210-214 (2001).
30. Miller, R. C., Randers-Pehrson, G., Geard, C. R., Hall, E. J. and Brenner, D. J. The oncogenic transforming potential of the passage of single alpha particles through mammalian cell nuclei. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96(1), 19-22 (1999).
31. Folkard, M., Schettino, G., Vojnovic, B., Gilchrist, S., Michette, A. G., Pfauntsch, S. J., Prise, K. M. and Michael, B. D. A focused ultrasoft x-ray microbeam for targeting cells individually with submicrometer accuracy. Radiat. Res. 156(6), 796-804 (2001).
32. Wilson, W. E., Lynch, D. J., Wei, K. and Braby, L. A. Microdosimetry of a 25 keV electron microbeam. Radiat. Res. 155(1), 89-94 (2001).
33. Miller, J. H., Sowa Resat, M., Metting, N. F., Wei, K., Lynch, D. J. and Wilson, W. E. Monte Carlo simulation of single-cell irradiation by an electron microbeam. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 39(3), 173-177 (2000).
34. Prise, K. M., Belyakov, O. V., Folkard, M. and Michael, B. D. Studies of bystander effects in human fibroblasts using a charged particle microbeam. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 74(6), 793-798 (1998).
35. Belyakov, O. V., Malcolmson, A. M., Folkard, M., Prise, K. M. and Michael, B. D. Direct evidence for a bystander effect of ionizing radiation in primary human fibroblasts. Br. J. Cancer 84(5), 674-679 (2001).
36. Zhou, H., Randers-Pehrson, G., Waldren, C. A., Vannais, D., Hall, E. J. and Hei, T. K. Induction of a bystander mutagenic effect of alpha particles in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97(5), 2099-2104 (2000).
37. Sawant, S. G., Randers-Pehrson, G., Geard, C. R., Brenner, D. J. and Hall, E. J. The bystander effect in radiation oncogenesis: I. Transformation in C3H 10T1/2 cells in vitro can be initiated in the unirradiated neighbors of irradiated cells. Radiat. Res. 155(3), 397-401 (2001).
38. Bishayee, A., Hill, H. Z., Stein, D., Rao, D. V. and Howell, R. W. Free radical-initiated and gap junction-mediated bystander effect due to nonuniform distribution of incorporated radioactivity in a three-dimensional tissue culture model. Radiat. Res. 155(2), 1-10 (2000).
39. Lorimore, S. A., Kadhim, M. A., Pocock, D. A., Papworth, D., Stevens, D. L., Goodhead, D. T. and Wright, E. G. Chromosomal instability in the descendants of unirradiated surviving cells after alpha-particle irradiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95(10), 5730-5733 (1998).
40. Watson, G. E., Lorimore, S. A., Macdonald, D. A. and Wright, E. G. Chromosomal instability in unirradiated cells induced in vivo by a bystander effect of ionizing radiation. Cancer Res. 60(20), 5608-5611 (2000).
41. Lorimore, S. A., Coates, P. J., Scobie, G. E., Milne, G. and Wright, E. G. Inflammatory-type responses after exposure to ionizing radiation in vivo: a mechanism for radiation-induced bystander effects? Oncogene 20(48), 7085-7095 (2001).
42. Hollowell, J. G. and Littlefield, G. Chromosome damage induced by plasma of X rayed patients: an indirect effect of x-ray. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 129(1), 240-244 (1968).
43. Emerit, I. Reactive oxygen species, chromosome mutation, and cancer: possible role of clastogenic factors in carcinogenesis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 16(1), 99-109 (1994).
44. Emerit, I., Khan, S. H. and Esterbauer, H. Hydroxynonenal, a component of clastogenic factors? Free Radic. Biol. Med. 10(6), 371-377 (1991).
45. Auclair, C., Gouyette, A., Levy, A. and Emerit, I. Clastogenic inosine nucleotide as components of the chromosome breakage factor in scleroderma patients. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 278(1), 238-244 (1990).
46. Emerit, I., Garban, F., Vassy, J., Levy, A., Filipe, P. and Freitas, J. Superoxide-mediated clastogenesis and anticlastogenic effects of exogenous superoxide dismutase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93(23), 12799-12804 (1996).
47. Khan, M. A., Hill, R. P. and Van Dyk, J. Partial volume rat lung irradiation: an evaluation of early DNA damage. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 40(2), 467-476 (1998).
48. Moiseenko, V. V., Battista, J. J., Hill, R. P., Travis, E. L. and Van Dyk, J. In-field and out-of-field effects in partial volume lung irradiation in rodents: possible correlation between early DNA damage and functional endpoints. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 48(5), 1539-1548 (2000).
49. Morgan, G. W. and Breit, S. N. Radiation and the lung: a reevaluation of the mechanisms mediating pulmonary injury. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 31(2), 361-369 (1995).
50. 2 particle number and size on the frequency and distribution of chromosome aberrations in the liver of the Chinese hamster. Radiat. Res. 59(3), 693-709 (1974).
51. 2 particles in the Chinese hamster. Radiat. Res. 96(1), 135-151 (1983).
52. Barcellos-Hoff, M. H. and Brooks, A. L. Extracellular signaling through the microenvironment: a hypothesis relating carcinogenesis, bystander effects, and genomic instability. Radiat. Res. 156(5 Pt 2), 618-627 (2001).
53. Belyakov, O. V., Folkard, M., Mothersill, C., Prise, K. M. and Michael, B. D. Bystander-induced apoptosis and premature differentiation in primary urothelial explants after charged particle microbeam irradiation. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 99(1), 249-251 (2002).
54. Marples, B. and Joiner, M. C. The response of Chinese Hamster V79 cells to low radiation doses: evidence of enhanced sensitivity of the whole cell population. Radiat. Res. 133(1), 41-51 (1993).