Interactions of zero-frequency and oscillating magnetic fields with biostructures and biosystems

Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences

Volumn 2, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 637-648

  Volpe, Pietro ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOFLUOROMETRY; DNA REPLICATION; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; EUKARYOTIC CELL; FREQUENCY ANALYSIS; MACROMOLECULE; MAGNETIC FIELD; OSCILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RNA TRANSCRIPTION; ANIMAL; CELL FUNCTION; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; HUMAN; MAGNETISM; RADIATION EXPOSURE;

ANIMALIA; EUKARYOTA;

ANIMALS; CELL PHYSIOLOGY; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; HUMANS; MAGNETICS;

EID: 0141544934     PISSN: 1474905X     EISSN: 14749092     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1039/b212636b     Document Type: Review

References (132)

1. A. F. Lawrence and W. R. Adey, Non linear wave mechanisms in interactions between excitable tissue and electromagnetic fields, Neural. Res., 1982, 4, 115-153.
2. A. Lacy-Hulbert, J. C. Metcalfe and R. Hesket, Biological responses to electromagnetic fields, FASEB J., 1998, 12, 395-420.
3. C. A. Basset, Beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields, J. Cell. Biochem., 1993, 51, 387-393.
4. T. Eremenko, C. Esposito, A. Pasquarelli, E. Pasquali and P. Volpe, Cell-cycle kinetics of Friend erythrolcukemia cells in a magnetically shielded room and in a low-frequency/low-intensity magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics, 1997, 18, 58-66.
5. M. Blank, The surface compartment model: a theory of ion transport focused on ionic processes in the electric double layers at membrane protein surface, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1987, 906, 277-294.
6. J. Walleczeck, Electromagnetic field effect on cells of the immune system: the role of calcium signaling, FASEB J., 1992, 6, 3177-3185.
7. R. Glaser, Current concepts of the interaction of weak electromagnetic fields with cells, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg., 1992, 27, 255-268.
8. R. P. Liburdy, Calcium signaling in lymphocytes and ELF fields. Evidence for an electric field metric and a site of interaction involving the calcium ion channel, FEBS Lett., 1992, 301, 53-59.
9. 2+ is necessary in the cell response to EM fields, FEBS Lett., 1994, 349, 1-6.
10. F. S. Barnes, Effect of electromagnetic fields on the rate of chemical reactions, Biophysics, 1996, 41, 801-808.
11. S. Paradisi, G. Donelli, M. T. Santini, E. Straface and W. Marloni, A 50 Hz magnetic field induces structural and biophysical changes in membranes, Bioelectromagnetics, 1993, 14, 247-255.
12. P. Volpe, T. Parasassi, C. Esposito, G. Ravagnan, A. M. Giusti A. Pasquarelli and T. Eremenko, Cell membrane lipid molecular dynamics in a solenoid vs. a magnetically shielded room Bioelectromagnetics, 1998, 19, 107-111.
13. J. M. R. Delgado, J. Leal, L. Moneagudo and G. Gracia, Embryoloeical chances induced by weak ELF EMF, J. Anat., 1982 134, 533-551.
14. A. H. Martin, Development of chicken embryos following exposure to 60 Hz MF with differing waveforms, Bioelectromagnetics, 1992, 13, 223-230.
15. S. Maffeo, M. Miller and E. Carstensen, Lack of effect of weak low-frequency EMF on chick embryogenesis, J. Anat., 1984, 139, 613-618.
16. B. F. Sisken, I. Fowler, C. Mayaud, J. P. Ryaby and A. Pilla, Pulsed EMF and normal chick development, J. Bioelectr., 1986, 5, 25-34.
17. B. M. Vladimirsky, Biological rhythms and the solar activity, in Problems of Cosmic Biology, ed. V. N. Chernigovsky, Nauka, Moscow, 1980, vol. 41, pp. 289-315.
18. N. A. Temurjants B. M. Vladimirsy and O. G. Tishkin, Extremely Low-Frequency Signals in Biological World, Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1992.
19. H. D. Yeagle, A preliminary study of physical basis of bird navigation, J. Appl. Physiol., 1947, 18, 1035-1063.
20. Y. A. Kholodov, Reactions of the nervous system to electromagnetic fields, Nauka, Moscow, 1975.
21. J. L. Kirsschvink, D. S. Jones and B. McFadden, Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms: a New Biomagnetism, Plenum Press, New York, 1985.
22. F. S. Barnes, Interaction of DC and ELF electric fields with biological materials and systems, in Handbook on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, ed. C. Polk and E. Postow, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1996, pp. 103-147.
23. G. R. Broun, O. B. Iljinsky and V. M. Muravejko, Perception of magnetic field by receptors of Lorenzini ampullas in Black Sea skates, J. Physiol. USSR, 1977, 63, 232-238.
24. R. D. Govorun, V. I. Danilov, V. N. Fomichjova, N. A. Beljavskaja and S. Y. Zinchenko, Influence of geomagnetic field fluctuations and its shielding on early periods of higher plant germination, Biofizika, 1992, 37, 738-744.
25. N. I. Bogatina, V. M. Litvin and M. P. Travkin, Wheat roots orientation under the effect of geomaenetic field, Biofizika, 1986, 31, 886-890.
26. N. A. Beljavskaja, V. N. Fomichjova, R. D. Govorun and V. I. Danilov, Structural and functional organization of meristem cells of pea, flax and lentil roots under conditions of the geomaenetic shielding, Biofizika, 1992, 37, 745-749.
27. V. N. Fomichjova, V. A. Zaslavsky, R. D. Govorun and V. I. Danilov, Dynamics of RNA and protein synthesis in cells of root meristem of pea, flax and lentil under conditions of shielding the geomagnetic field, Biofizika, 1992, 37, 750-758.
28. O. A. Alfjorov and T. V. Kuznetsova, Influence of weakened geomagnetic field on the stability of Escherichia coli to ultraviolet rays, Cosm. Biol. Aviat. Cosm. Med., 1981, 4, 57-58.
29. V. P. Kaznachcev, V. P. Mikhajlova, M. P. Ivanova, Y. A. Zajtsef and N. I. Kharina, Growth and behaviour of the cell monolayer in the hypomagnetic field, in Biophysical and Clinical Aspects of Heliobiology, ed. M. N. Gnevishev, Nauka, Leningrad, 1989, pp. 189-195.
30. A. V. Sosunov, A. B. Golubshak, V. A. Semkin and A. V. Melnikov, Observation of some processes in shielded volumes. Symposium on Hygienic Estimate of Magnetic Fields, Proceedings, Moscow, 1972, pp. 144-146.
31. Y. G. Grigorjev, Reaction of organism to weakened geomagnetic field: effect of maenetic deprivation, Radiat. Biol. Radioecol, 1995, 35, 3-18.
32. V. G. Podovkin, Response of hormonal and mediator regulation systems to the weak geomacnetic fields on formation of antibodies in mice. Bull. Exptl. Biol. Med., 1995, 117, 482-483.
33. Y. F. Aschikaliev, V. I. Drobjev, V. M. Somsikiv, V. A. Turkeeva and T. K. Yakovets, Influence of heliogeophysical parameters on Ecology, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 1031-1037.
34. G. Villoresi, T. K. Breus, L. I. Dorman, N. Yuchi and S. I. Rapoport, Effect of interplanetary and geophysical disturbances on the incidences of clinically important patholoeies: myocardial infarction and insult, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 983-993.
35. V. N. Oraevsky, S. A. Golyshev, A. E. Levitin, T. K. Breus, S. V. Ivanova, P. I. Komorov and S. I. Rapoport, Parameters of "Electromagnetic weather" in near terrestrial space determining the effects on biosystems, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 813-821.
36. V. G. Sidjakin, N. P. Yanova, S. I. Bazhenova and E. V. Archangelskaja, Effect of geomagnetic disturbances on evoked activity in neurons of the motor cortex, in Problems of Cosmic Biology, ed. M. N. Gnevishev, Nauka, Leningrad, 1989, vol. 65, pp. 87-92.
37. S. M. Chibisov, T. K. Breus, A. E. Levitin and G. M. Drogova, Biological effects of the strong planetary geomagnetic storm, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 959-968.
38. N. K. Belisheva and A. N. Popov, Morphological and functional dynamics of states of cell culture at variations of the high-latitude geomagnetic field, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 755-764.
39. 2+ influx, FASEB J., 1999, 13, 95-102.
40. S. Engstrom and R. Fitzsimmons, Five hypotheses to examine the nature of magnetic field transduction in biological systems, Bioelectromagnetics, 1999, 20, 423-430.
41. R. Emura, N. Ashida, T. Higashi and T. Takeuchi, Orientation of bull sperms in static masnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 60-65.
42. Y. G. Dorfman, Physical phenomena going on in living objects under the influence of static magnetic fields, in Influence of Magnetic Fields on Biological Objects, ed. Y. A. Kholodov, Nauka Publishers, Moscow, 1971, pp. 15-23.
43. M. N. Zhadin, Combined action of static and alternating magnetic fields on ion motion in a macromolecule: theoretical aspects, Bioelectromagnetics, 1998, 19, 279-292.
44. V. N. Binhi, Y. D. Alipov and I. Y. Belyaev, Effect of static magnetic field on E. coli cells and individual rotations of ion-protein complexes, Bioclectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 79-86.
45. 2+ liberation of plasma membrane molecules explains the neuron responses to applied static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. 1, pp. 298-308.
46. P. Volpe, G. Cappelli, F. Mariani, A. Serafino and T. Eremenko, Macrophage sensitivity to static magnetic fields, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. I, pp. 374-381.
47. G. Cappelli, P. Volpe, A. Sanduzzi, A. Sacchi, V. Colizzi and F. Mariani, Human macrophage gamma interferon decreases gene expression but not replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: analysis of the host-pathogen reciprocal influence on transcription in a comparison of strains H37Rv and CMT97, Infect. Immun., 2001, 69, 7262-7270.
48. R. Kavel, EMF and current cancer concepts, Bioelectromagnetics, 1996, 17, 339-357.
49. E. N. Perker, Magnetic fields in the Cosmos, Sci. Am., 1983, 249, 36-47.
50. P. Volpe, Introduzione alia Biofisica delle Radiazioni, UNESCO Publisher, Venice, 1999, pp. 1-256.
51. T. Higashi, S. Sagawa, N. Ashida and T. Takeuci, Orientation of glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes in strong static magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 1996, 17, 335-338.
52. M. N. Repacholi and B. Greenebaum, Interaction of static and extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields with living systems: health effects and research needs, Bioelectromagnetics, 1999, 20, 133-160.
53. E. Lindstrom, P. Lindstrom, A. Berglund, E. Lundgren and K. Hansson-Mild, Intracellular calcium oscillations in a T-cell line after exposure to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields with variable frequencies and flux densities, Bioelectromagnetics, 1995, 16, 41-47.
54. A. Cossarizza, S. Angioni, F. Petraglia, A. Gennazzani, D. Monti, M. Capri, F. Bersani, R. Cadossi and C. Franceschi, Exposure to low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increases interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Exptl. Cell. Res., 1993, 20-1, 385-387.
55. G. Cappelli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV and human macrophage: role of their reciprocal influence in the outcome of infection, PHD Thesis (Tutors: V. Colizzi and P. Volpe), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 2001, pp. 1-118.
56. R. Tartaglione, Stabilita della trasposizione di elementi di inserzione di Mycobacterium tuberculosis in campi magnetici statici, Thesis (Tutor: P. Volpe), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 2001, pp. 1-112.
57. T. Eremenko, C. Esposito, E. Pasquali and P. Volpe, Incubator for cell cultures growing in a shielded room without electromagnetic fields or in a system producing electromagnetic fields, in Italian National Research Council Patents, CNR Press, Rome, 1993, pp. 60-61, f.n. RM 93 A000848, pp. 1-14.
58. P. Volpe, T. Parasassi and T. Eremenko, Adaptation of cell membrane fluidity to a low-frequency/low-intensity magnetic field, in Proceedings of the 20th Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, Trade Winds, USA, 1998, P125B.
59. T. Eremenko, C. Esposito, P. Iacovacci, E. Tartaglini and P. Volpe, Regulation of macromolecular biosynthesis in growing erythroleukemia cells exposed to a magnetic field, in Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, ed. D. Wisecup, San Diego, CA, 1992, A15, 1-2.
60. T. Eremenko, C. Esposito, G. Starace, T. Parasassi, G. Ravagnan and P. Volpe, Gene expression, membranal state and cell culture growth cycle in a low-frequency magnetic field, in Electric and Magnetic fields and Gene Activity, ed. P. Gailey and D. Wisecup, W/L Associates, Frederick, MD, 1993, pp. 12-13.
61. B. Youbicier-Simo, F. Boudard, C. Cabaner and M. Bastide, Biological effects of continuous exposure of embryos and young chickens to EMF emitted by VDU, Bioelectromagnetics, 1997, 18, 514-523.
62. S. Grimaldi, D. Pozzi, A. Lisi, S. Rieti, V. Manni, G. Ravagnan, L. Luciani, T. Eremenko and P. Volpe, Influence of the magnetic field on tadpole metamorphosis, Int. J. Radiat. Med., 2000, 1, 96-103.
63. A. R. Liboff, Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in livine cells, J. Biol. Phys., 1985, 9, 99-100.
64. B. R. McLeod and A. R. Liboff, Cyclotron resonance in cell membranes: the theory of the mechanism, in Mechanistic Approaches to Interactions of Electric and Electromagnetic Fields with Living Systems, ed. M. Blank and E. Findl, Plenum Press, New York, 1987, pp. 97-108.
65. A. Chiabrera, B. Bianco, J. J. Kaufman and A. A. Pilla, Quantum dynamics of ions in molecular crevices under electromagnetic exposure, in Electromagnetics in Biology and Medicine, ed. C. T. Brighton and S. R. Pollak, San Francisco Press, San Francisco, CA, 1991, pp. 21-26.
66. D. T. Edmunds, Larmor procession as a mechanism for the detection of static and alternating magnetic fields, Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg, 1993, 30, 3-12.
67. J. P. Blanchard and C. F. Blackman, Clarification and application of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with bioloaical systems, Bioelectromagnetics, 1994, 15, 217-238.
68. A. N. Volobuev, B. N. Zhukov, A. U. Bakhito, E. L. Ovcinnikov and I. A. Trufanov, Influence of constant magnetic field and laser emission on neurophysiolosical processes, Biofizika, 1993, 38, 372-377.
69. L. P. Agulova, A. M. Opalinskaja and V. C. Kirjanov, Specific features of reactions of different objects sensitive to change in cosmophysical factors and action of weak electromagnetic fields, in Problems of Cosmic Biology, ed. M. N. Gnevishev, Nauka, Leningrad, 1989, vol. 65, pp. 160-181.
70. G. Piccardi, The Chemical Basis of Medical Climatology, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, 1962.
71. L. D. Kislovsky, Reaction of biological system to weak low-frequency electromagnetic fields adequate for it, in Problems of Cosmic Biology, ed. A. M. Ugolev, Nauka, Moscow, 1982, vol. 43, pp. 148-166.
72. V. E. Zhvirblis, On reproducibility of heliobiological experiments, in Problems of Cosmic Biology, ed. M. N. Gnevishev, Nauka, Leningrad, 1989, vol. 65, pp. 145-160.
73. B. M. Vladimirsky and N. A. Temurjants, Nuclear magnetic resonance of weak electromagnetic field action on biological, physical and chemical systems, Biofizika, 1996, 38, 372-377.
74. V. N. Binhi, Nuclear spins in primary mechanisms of biomagnetic effects, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 671-685.
75. V. V. Lednev, N. A. Belova, I. K. Srebnitskaja, E. N. Iljasova, Z. N. Rozhdesvenskaja, A. A. Klimov, N. A. Belova and K. P. Tiras, Magnetic parametric resonance in biosystems: experimental verification of the theoretical predictions with the use of recenerating planarians Dugestia tigrina as a test system, Biofizika, 1996, 41, 815-825.
76. V. N. Binhi, On the model ion channel-electrical solenoid, Biofizika, 1995, 40, 549-550.
77. V. N. Binhi, Mechanism of magnetosensitive ion binding by some proteins, Biofizika, 1997, 42, 338-342.
78. A. El-Lakkani, Dielectric response of some biological tissues, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 272-279.
79. M. N. Zhadin, Action of magnetic fields on the ion motion in a macromolecule: theoretical analysis, Biofizika, 1996, 41, 832-850.
80. C. M. Cook, A. W. Thomas and F. S. Prato, Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: a review of recent studies, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 144-157.
81. Y. P. Chukova, The general laws of biological effects of optical electromagnetic fields, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. I, pp. 318-326.
82. D. J. Panagopoulos, N. Messini, A. Karabarbounis, A. L. Filippelis and I. H. Margaritis, A mechanism for action of oscillating electric fields on cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2000, 272, 634-640.
83. S. Grimaldi, D. Pozzi, M. Santoro, A. Lisi, E. Pasquali, A. Serafmo, L. Giuliani, M. Vignati, T. Eremenko and P. Volpe, Magnetic field is affecting biophysical and morphological properties of mammalian cells, in, 2nd Workshop on Biostructures and Biosystems, Portonovo, Abstr., 1997, C, 25.
84. Y. G. Shokorbatov, V. G. Shakhbazov and A. O. Rudenko, Modification of electrokinetic properties of nuclei in human buccal epithelial cells by electric fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 106-111.
85. F. Bistolfi, Electromagnetic man and magnetic resonance tomography-Update on the biological effects and new paths of research, Riv. Neuroradiol., 2001, 14, 63-82.
86. M. Golzo, J. Teissie and M. P. Rols, Cell synchronization effect on mammalian cell permeabilization and gene delivery by electric field, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2002, 1563, 23-28.
87. S. Koronkievicz, S. Kalinowsky and K. Bryl, Programmable chronopotentiometry as a tool for the study of electroporation and resealing of pores in bilayer lipid membranes, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2002, 1561, 222-229.
88. C. Maercker, J. Czyf, A. M. Wobus, W. Huber, A. Poustka, S. Ivancsits, H. W. Ruediger, O. Jhan, E. Diem, J. Schuderer, N. Kuster, D. Fornasari, F. Clementi, K. Schlatterer, R. Tauber, R. Fitzner, J. Reivenen, F. Aldokofer and D. Leszczynski, An eu-wide initiative to characterize the biological effects of EMF on human and mouse cell linea by gene expression profiling, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. II, pp. 588-594.
89. N. A. Cridland, R. G. E. Haylock and R. D. Saunders, 50 Hz magnetic field exposure alters onset of S-phase in normal human fibroblasts, Bioelectromagnetics, 1999, 20, 446-452.
90. A. Markkanen, J. Juutilainen, S. Lang, J. Pelkonen, T. Rytomaa and J. Naarala, Effects of 50 Hz magnetic field on cell cycle kinetics and the colony forming ability of budding yeast exposed to ultraviolet radiation, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 345-350.
91. J. P. Shah, P. Midkiff, P. C. Brandt and B. F. Sisken, Growth and differentiation of PC6 cells: the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 267-271.
92. S. P. Yu, L. M. T. Canzoniero and D. W. Choi, Ion homeostasis and apoptosis, Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 2001, 13, 405-411.
93. 2+ influx in human lymphocytic T cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1999, 265, 265-215.
94. M. Obo, S. Konishi, Y. Otaka and S. Kitamura, Effect of magnetic field exposure on calcium channel currents using patch clamp technique, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 306-314.
95. X. Wang, F. F. Becker and P. R. C. Gascoyne, Membrane dielectric changes indicate induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells more sensitively than surface phosphatidylserine expression or DNA fragmentation, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2002, 1564, 412-420.
96. G. R. Ding, T. Nakahara, R. R. Tian, Y. Guo and J. Miyakoshi, Transient suppression of X-ray-induced apoptosis by exposure to power frequency magnetic fields in MCF-7 cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2001, 286, 953-957.
97. J. G. Robinson, A. R. Pendieton, K. O. Manson, B. K. Murray and K. L. O'neill, Decreased DNA repair rates and protein from heat induced apoptosis mediated by electromagnetic field exposure, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 106-112.
98. A. Negroni, M. C. Pirozzoli, G. A. Lovisolo, L. Mosiello, C. Laconi and C. Marino, Exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields of a neuroblastoma cell line: effects on apoptosis, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. II, pp. 865-868.
99. L. Dovevey, C. Patinot, M. Debray, D. Thierry, H. Brugere, J. Lambrozo and J. J. Guillosson and J. Nafziger, Absence of the effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on the progression of acute myeloid leukaemia in rats, Uu. J. Radiat. Biol., 2000, 853-862.
100. R. Supino, M. G. Bottone, C. Pellicciari, C. Cesarini, G. Bottiroli, M. Belleri and A. Veicsteinas, Sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields do not affect structural morphology and proliferation of human cells in vitro, Histol. Histopathol., 2001, 16, 719-726.
101. H. Yomori, K. Yasunaga, C. Takahashi, A. Tanaka, S. Takashima and M. Sekijiama, Elliptically polarized magnetic fields do not alter immediate early response genes expression levels in human glioblastoma cells, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 89-96.
102. R. Tonini, M. D. Baroni, E. Masala, M. Micheletti, A. Ferroni and M. Mazzanti, Calcium protects differentiating neuroblastoma cells during 50 Hz electromagnetic radiation, Biophys. J., 2001, 81, 2580-2589.
103. C. G. Burkhart and C. N. Burkhart, Are magnets effective for pain control?, JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc., 2000, 28-4, 564-565.
104. V. V. Morariu, D. Ciorba and S. Neamtu, Life in zero magnetic field. I. In vitro human blood acine, Electr. Magnetobiol., 2000, 19, 289-302.
105. M. Buemi, D. Marino, G. Di Pasquale, F. Floccari, M. Senatore, C. Aloisi, F. Grasso, G. Mondio, P. Perillo, N. Frisina and F. Corica, Cell proliferation-cell death balance in renal cell cultures after exposure to a static magnetic field, Nephron, 2001, 87, 269-273.
106. M. F. Testori, P. A. Oberg, M. Iwasaka and S. Ueno, Melanophore aggregation in strong static magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 444-449.
107. M. J. Stansell, W. D. Winters, R. H. Doe and B. K. Dart, Increased antibiotic resistance of E. Coli exposed to static magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 129-137.
108. Y. Satow, K. Matsunami, T. Kawashima, H. Satake and K. Huda, A strong constant magnetic field affects muscle tension development in bullfrog neuromuscular preparations, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 365-369.
109. A. Yano, E. Idako, K. Fujiwara and M. Iimoto, Induction of primary root curvature in radish seedlings in static magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 194-199.
110. S. G. Berk, S. Srikanth, S. M. Mahajan and C. A. Ventrice, Static uniform magnetic fields and amoebe, Bioelectromagnetics, 1997, 18, 81-84.
111. J. Gmitrov, C. Ohkubo and H. Okano, Effect of 0.25 T static macnetic field on microcirculation in rabbits, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 224-229.
112. J. Gmitrov and C. Ohkubo, Artificial static and geomagnetic field interrelated impact on cardiovascular regulation, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 329-338.
113. S. Engstrom, M. S. Markov, M. J. McLean, R. R. Holcomb and J. M. Markov, Effects of non-uniform static magnetic fields on the rate of myosin phosphorylation, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 475-479.
114. G. Mirabolghasemi and M. Azarnia, Developmental changes in Drosophila melanogaster following exposure to alternating electromagnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 416-420.
115. M. Stamenkovich-Radak, I. Kitanovic, Z. Prolic, I. Tomisic, B. Stoijkovic and M. Andjelkovic, Effects of permanent magnetic field on wing size parameters in Drosophila melanogaster, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 365-369.
116. S. Cecconi, G. Gualtieri, A. Di Bartolomeo, G. Troiani, M. G. Cifone and R. Canipari, Evaluation of the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on mammalian follicle development, Hum. Reprod, 2000, 15, 2319-2325.
117. F. Golfert, A. Holer, M. Thrummler, H. Bauer and R. H. W. Funk, Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and heat shock can increase microvesicle motility in astrocytes, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 71-78.
118. M. Lino and Y. Okuda, Osmolality dependence of erhythrocyte sedimentation and aggregation in strong magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 46-52.
119. A. Pazur, Electric relaxation processes in lipid-bilayers after exposure to weak magnetic pulses, Z. Nat. J. Biosci., 2001, 56, 831-837.
120. R. R. Tice, G. G. Hook, M. Donner, D. I. McRee and A. W. Guy, Genotoxicity of radiofrequency signals: I. investigation of DNA damage and micronuclei induction in cultured human blood cells, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 113-126.
121. A. Maes, M. Collier and L. Vershaeve, Cytogenetic effects of 900 MHz (GSM) microwaves on human lymphocytes, Bioclectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 91-96.
122. G. R. Ding, H. Yaguchi, M. Yoshida and J. Miyakoshi, Increase in X-ray-induced mutations by exposure to magnetic field (60 Hz, 5 mT) in NF-kappa B-inhibited cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2000, 276, 238-243.
123. G. R. Ding, K. Wake, M. Taki and J. Miyakoshi, Increase in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase gene mutations by exposure to electric field, Life Sci., 2001, 68, 1041-1046.
124. C. Ventura, M. Maioli, G. Pintus, G. Gottardi and F. Bersani, Elf-pulsed magnetic fields modulate opioid peptide gene expression in myocardial cells, Cardiov. Res., 2000, 45, 1054-1064.
125. G. Nindi, E. F. Hughes, M. T. Johnson, D. N. Vesper and W. X. Balcavage, Effect of ultraviolet B radiation and 100 Hz electromagnetic fields on proliferation and DNA synthesis of Jurkat cells, Bioclectroimignetics, 2002, 23, 455-463.
126. S. Herada, S. Yamada, O. Kuramela, Y. Gunji, M. Kawasaki, T. Miyakawa, H. Yonekura, S. Sakurai, K. Bessho, R. Hosono and H. Yamamoto, Effects of high ELF magnetic fields on enzyme-catalyzed DNA and RNA synthesis in vitro and on a cell-free mismatch repair, Bioelectromagnetics, 2001, 22, 260-268.
127. G. Testylier, L. Tonduli, R. Malablau and J. C. Debouzy, Effects of exposure to low level radiofrequency fields on acethylcholine release in hippocampus of freely movine rats, Bioclectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 249-255.
128. A. C. T. De Lucia, C. W. S. F. Anselmo, I. M. Oliveira, M. B. Filho and M. T. J. De Almeida Catanho, Effects of 60 Hz electric and magnetic field on the immune system in the Wistar rats, in Biological Effects of EMFs, ed. P. Kostarakis, Demokritos Publishers, Rhodes, 2002, vol. II, pp. 837-845.
129. C. R. McCreary, A. W. Thomas and F. S. Prato, Factors confounding cytosolic calcium measurements in Jurkat E6.1 cells during exposure to ELF macnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics, 2002, 23, 315-328.
130. R. Shahidain, R. D. Mullins and J. E. Sisken, Calcium spiking and baseline calcium levels in ROS 17/2.8 cells exposed to extremely low frequency electromacnetic fields (ELF EMF), Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 2001, 77, 241-248.
131. C. E. Minder and D. H. Pfluger, Minder and Pfiuger respond to "Electromagnetic fields and cancer in railway workers" by Savitz, Am. J. Epidemiol., 2001, 153, 839-840.
132. P. Galloni and C. Marino, Effects of 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on tumor experimental models, Bioelectromagnetics, 2000, 21, 608-614.