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Estrogen receptor ligands possessing spiroindenes have been reported. See the following. Blizzard, T. A.; Morgan, J. D., II; Mosley, R. T.; Birzin, E. T.; Frisch, K.; Rohrer, S. P.; Hammond, M. L. 2-Phenylspiroindenes: A Novel Class of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs). Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003, 13, 479-483.
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0141523712
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note
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The absolute configuration of 1 has not been determined.
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15
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0141634847
-
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note
-
The reaction exclusively gave the spirolactone. See Supporting Information.
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-
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19
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0001743586
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Demethylation of methyl aryl ethers: 4-Ethoxy-3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
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0141523711
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note
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2 (0.027 nM) for the estrogen receptor.
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0033305438
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0141523709
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note
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We acknowledge a reviewer for suggesting that the discrepancy may be explained by the involvement of ERß.
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26
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Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors α and β
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Nongenotropic, sex-nonspecific signaling through the estrogen or androgen receptors dissociation from transcriptional activity
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(b) Kousteni, S.; Bellido, T.; Plotkin, L. I.; O'Brien, C. A.; Bodenner, D. L.; Han, L.; Han, K.; DiGregorio, G. B.; Katzenellenbogen, J. A.; Katzenellenbogen, B. S.; Roberson, P. K.; Weinstein, R. S.; Jilka, R. L.; Manolagas, S. C. Nongenotropic, Sex-Nonspecific Signaling through the Estrogen or Androgen Receptors: Dissociation from Transcriptional Activity. Cell 2001, 104, 719-730.
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Structure-activity relationships of selective estrogen receptor modulators: Modifications to the 2-arylbenzothiophene core of raloxifene
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Similar discrepancies have been reported. See the following. (a) Grese, T. A.; Cho, S.; Finley, D. R.; Godfrey, A. G.; Jones, C. D.; Lugar, C. W., III; Martin, M. J.; Matsumoto, K.; Pennington, L. D.; Winter, M. A.; Adrian, M. D.; Cole, H. W.; Magee, D. E.; Phillips, D. L.; Rowley, E. R.; Short, L. L.; Glasebrook, A. L.; Bryant, H. U. Structure-Activity Relationships of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: Modifications to the 2-Arylbenzothiophene Core of Raloxifene. J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 146-167.
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Estradiol-16α-Carboxylic acid esters as locally active estrogens
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note
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In this experiment, coadministration (3 mg/kg, sc) of ICI-182780, a pure antiestrogen, reduced the cholesterol-lowering effect of 1 (0.2 mg/kg, po) by 64%, which is evidence that the in vivo activity of 1 was mediated through the ER.
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33
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A primate model of human postmenopausal hot flushes
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Elevation of tail skin temperature in ovariectomized rats in relation to menopausal hot flushes
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The effect of estrogens and antiestrogens in a rat model for hot flush
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43
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0141634840
-
-
note
-
2: 1, 1200 nM; RAL, 5.1 nM; TAM, 8.2 nM.
-
-
-
|