메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 991, Issue , 2003, Pages 199-213

Pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease: The MPTP primate model of the human disorder

Author keywords

MPTP; Pallidum; Pathophysiology; Primate; Substantia nigra; Subthalamic nucleus

Indexed keywords

1,2,3,6 TETRAHYDRO 1 METHYL 4 PHENYLPYRIDINE; DOPAMINE 1 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR;

EID: 0038389600     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07477.x     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (229)

References (108)
  • 1
    • 0030463523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and pathophysiological models of the basal ganglia
    • WICHMANN, T. & M.R. DELONG. 1996. Functional and pathophysiological models of the basal ganglia. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 6: 751-758.
    • (1996) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.6 , pp. 751-758
    • Wichmann, T.1    DeLong, M.R.2
  • 2
    • 0024450903 scopus 로고
    • The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
    • ALBIN, R.L., et al. 1989. The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders. Trends Neurosci. 12: 366-375.
    • (1989) Trends Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 366-375
    • Albin, R.L.1
  • 3
    • 0030113647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia: New therapeutic approaches to Parkinson's disease
    • GRAYBIEL, A.M. 1996. Basal ganglia: new therapeutic approaches to Parkinson's disease. Curr. Biol. 6: 368-371.
    • (1996) Curr. Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 368-371
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 4
    • 0021337873 scopus 로고
    • Selective nigral toxicity after systemic administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrine (MPTP) in the squirrel monkey
    • LANGSTON, J.W., et al. 1984. Selective nigral toxicity after systemic administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrine (MPTP) in the squirrel monkey. Brain Res. 292: 390-394.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.292 , pp. 390-394
    • Langston, J.W.1
  • 5
    • 0022589131 scopus 로고
    • Hemiparkinsonism in monkeys after unilateral internal carotid artery infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)
    • BANKIEWICZ, K.S., et al. 1986. Hemiparkinsonism in monkeys after unilateral internal carotid artery infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Life Sciences 39: 7-16.
    • (1986) Life Sciences , vol.39 , pp. 7-16
    • Bankiewicz, K.S.1
  • 6
    • 0029981526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology of Parkinson's disease
    • FORNO, L.S. 1996. Neuropathology of Parkinson's disease. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 55: 259-272.
    • (1996) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. , vol.55 , pp. 259-272
    • Forno, L.S.1
  • 7
    • 0023874410 scopus 로고
    • Uneven pattern of dopamine loss in the striatum of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease
    • KISH, S.J., et al. 1988. Uneven pattern of dopamine loss in the striatum of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 318: 876-880.
    • (1988) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.318 , pp. 876-880
    • Kish, S.J.1
  • 8
    • 0016799753 scopus 로고
    • Bilateral projections from precentral motor cortex to the putamen and other parts of the basal ganglia. An autoradiographic study in macaca fascicularis
    • KUNZLE, H. 1975. Bilateral projections from precentral motor cortex to the putamen and other parts of the basal ganglia. An autoradiographic study in macaca fascicularis. Brain Res. 88: 195-209.
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.88 , pp. 195-209
    • Kunzle, H.1
  • 9
    • 0026052743 scopus 로고
    • Corticostriatal transformations in the primate somatosensory sstem. Projections from physiologically mapped body-part representations
    • FLAHERTY, A.W. & A.M. GRAYBIEL. 1991. Corticostriatal transformations in the primate somatosensory sstem. Projections from physiologically mapped body-part representations. J. Neurophysiol. 66: 1249-1263.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1249-1263
    • Flaherty, A.W.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 10
    • 0021928065 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal topography and interdigitation of cortico-striatal projections in the rhesus monkey
    • SELEMON, L.D. & P.S. GOLDMAN-RAKIC. 1985. Longitudinal topography and interdigitation of cortico-striatal projections in the rhesus monkey. J. Neurosci. 5: 776-794.
    • (1985) J. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 776-794
    • Selemon, L.D.1    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.2
  • 11
    • 0032575990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticostriatal connections of the superior temporal region in rhesus monkeys
    • YETERIAN, E.H. & D.N. PANDYA. 1998. Corticostriatal connections of the superior temporal region in rhesus monkeys. J. Comp. Neurol. 399: 384-402.
    • (1998) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.399 , pp. 384-402
    • Yeterian, E.H.1    Pandya, D.N.2
  • 12
    • 0029076348 scopus 로고
    • The orbital and medial prefrontal circuit through the primate basal ganglia
    • HABER, S.N., et al. 1995. The orbital and medial prefrontal circuit through the primate basal ganglia. J. Neurosci. 15:4851-4867.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 4851-4867
    • Haber, S.N.1
  • 13
    • 0018085227 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey
    • HARTMANN-VON MONAKOW, K. et al. 1978. Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 33: 395-403.
    • (1978) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.33 , pp. 395-403
    • Hartmann-Von Monakow, K.1
  • 14
    • 0029916375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual somatotopical representations in the primate subthalamic nucleus: Evidence for ordered but reversed body-map transformations from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area
    • NAMBU, A., et al. 1996. Dual somatotopical representations in the primate subthalamic nucleus: evidence for ordered but reversed body-map transformations from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area. J. Neurosci. 16: 2671-2683.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 2671-2683
    • Nambu, A.1
  • 15
    • 0020622663 scopus 로고
    • Origins of post synaptic potentials evoked in spiny neostriatal projection neurons by thalamic stimulation in the rat
    • WILSON, C.J., et al. 1983. Origins of post synaptic potentials evoked in spiny neostriatal projection neurons by thalamic stimulation in the rat. Exp. Brain Res. 51: 217-226.
    • (1983) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.51 , pp. 217-226
    • Wilson, C.J.1
  • 16
    • 0026773495 scopus 로고
    • Efferent connections of the centromedian and parafascicular thalamic nuclei in the squirrel monkey: A light and electron microscopic study of the thalamostriatal projection in relation to striatal heterogeneity
    • SADIKOT, A.F., et al. 1992. Efferent connections of the centromedian and parafascicular thalamic nuclei in the squirrel monkey: a light and electron microscopic study of the thalamostriatal projection in relation to striatal heterogeneity. J. Comp. Neurol. 320: 228-242.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.320 , pp. 228-242
    • Sadikot, A.F.1
  • 17
    • 0028267530 scopus 로고
    • The projections from the parafascicular thalamic nucleus to the subthalamic nucleus and the striatum arise from separate neuronal populations: A comparison with the corticostriatal and corticosubthalamic efferents in a retrograde double-labelling study
    • FEGER, J., et al. 1994. The projections from the parafascicular thalamic nucleus to the subthalamic nucleus and the striatum arise from separate neuronal populations: a comparison with the corticostriatal and corticosubthalamic efferents in a retrograde double-labelling study. Neuroscience 60: 125-132.
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.60 , pp. 125-132
    • Feger, J.1
  • 18
    • 0022545178 scopus 로고
    • Differential connections of caudate nucleus and putamen in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)
    • SMITH, Y. & A. PARENT. 1986. Differential connections of caudate nucleus and putamen in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Neuroscience 18: 347-371.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.18 , pp. 347-371
    • Smith, Y.1    Parent, A.2
  • 19
    • 0025614351 scopus 로고
    • Topographical projections from the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the striatum in the Japanese monkey, Macaca fuscata
    • NAKANO, K., et al. 1990. Topographical projections from the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus to the striatum in the Japanese monkey, Macaca fuscata. Brain Res. 537: 54-68.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.537 , pp. 54-68
    • Nakano, K.1
  • 20
    • 0037013712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigral and pallidal inputs to functionally segregated thalamostriatal neurons in the centromedian/parafascicular intralaminar nuclear complex in monkey
    • SIDIBE, M., et al. 2002. Nigral and pallidal inputs to functionally segregated thalamostriatal neurons in the centromedian/parafascicular intralaminar nuclear complex in monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 447: 286-299.
    • (2002) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.447 , pp. 286-299
    • Sidibe, M.1
  • 21
    • 0022930826 scopus 로고
    • Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
    • ALEXANDER, G.E., et al. 1986. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 9: 357-381.
    • (1986) Ann. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 357-381
    • Alexander, G.E.1
  • 22
    • 0025321039 scopus 로고
    • Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: Neural substrates of parallel processing
    • ALEXANDER, G.E. & M.D. CRUTCHER. 1990. Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci. 13: 266-271.
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 266-271
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Crutcher, M.D.2
  • 23
    • 0006173072 scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of parkinsonian symptoms by inactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in MPTP treated green monkeys
    • BERGMAN, H., et al. 1990. Amelioration of parkinsonian symptoms by inactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in MPTP treated green monkeys. Movement Disorders 5: 79.
    • (1990) Movement Disorders , vol.5 , pp. 79
    • Bergman, H.1
  • 25
    • 0028838757 scopus 로고
    • Single striatofugal axons arborizing in both pallidal segments and in the substantia nigra in primates
    • PARENT, A., et al. 1995. Single striatofugal axons arborizing in both pallidal segments and in the substantia nigra in primates. Brain Res. 698: 280-284.
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.698 , pp. 280-284
    • Parent, A.1
  • 26
    • 0030024939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential synaptic innervation of striatofugal neurones projecting to the internal or external segments of the globus pallidus by thalamic afferents in the squirrel monkey
    • SIDIBE, M. & Y. SMITH. 1996. Differential synaptic innervation of striatofugal neurones projecting to the internal or external segments of the globus pallidus by thalamic afferents in the squirrel monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 365: 445-465.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.365 , pp. 445-465
    • Sidibe, M.1    Smith, Y.2
  • 27
    • 0030898826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortically driven immediate-early gene expression reflects influence of sensorimotor cortex on identified striatal neurons in the squirrel
    • PARTHASARATHY, H.B. & A.M. GRAYBIEL. 1997. Cortically driven immediate-early gene expression reflects influence of sensorimotor cortex on identified striatal neurons in the squirrel. J. Neurosci. 17: 2477-2491.
    • (1997) J. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 2477-2491
    • Parthasarathy, H.B.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 28
    • 0025572196 scopus 로고
    • D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons
    • GEREEN, C.R., et al. 1990. D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. Science 250: 1429-1432.
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 1429-1432
    • Gerfen, C.R.1
  • 29
    • 0029818228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated expression of dopamine receptors in neostriatal medium spiny neurons
    • SURMEIER, D.J., et al. 1996. Coordinated expression of dopamine receptors in neostriatal medium spiny neurons. J. Neurosci. 16: 6579-6591.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 6579-6591
    • Surmeier, D.J.1
  • 30
    • 0034100216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical and physiological evidence for D1 and D2 dopamine receptor colocalization in neostriatal neurons
    • AIZMAN, O., et al. 2000. Anatomical and physiological evidence for D1 and D2 dopamine receptor colocalization in neostriatal neurons. Nat. Neurosci. 3: 226-230.
    • (2000) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 226-230
    • Aizman, O.1
  • 31
    • 0029035399 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine receptor function in the basal ganglia
    • GERFEN, C.R. 1995. Dopamine receptor function in the basal ganglia. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 18: S162-S177.
    • (1995) Clin. Neuropharmacol. , vol.18
    • Gerfen, C.R.1
  • 32
    • 0025371481 scopus 로고
    • Extrinsic connections of the basal ganglia
    • PARENT, A. 1990. Extrinsic connections of the basal ganglia. Trends Neurosci. 13: 254-258.
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 254-258
    • Parent, A.1
  • 33
    • 0031002398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efferent connections of the internal globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey: I. Topography and synaptic organization of the pallidothalamic projection
    • SIDIBE, M., et al. 1997. Efferent connections of the internal globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey: I. Topography and synaptic organization of the pallidothalamic projection. J. Comp. Neurol. 382: 323-347.
    • (1997) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.382 , pp. 323-347
    • Sidibe, M.1
  • 34
    • 0021250247 scopus 로고
    • The origin of thalamic inputs to the arcuate premotor and supplementary motor areas
    • SCHELL, G.R. & P.L. STRICK. 1984. The origin of thalamic inputs to the arcuate premotor and supplementary motor areas. J. Neurosci. 4: 539-560.
    • (1984) J. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 539-560
    • Schell, G.R.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 35
    • 0028924886 scopus 로고
    • Thalamic distribution of projection neurons to the primary motor cortex relative to afferent terminal fields from the globus pallidus in the macaque monkey
    • INASE, M. & J. TANJI. 1995. Thalamic distribution of projection neurons to the primary motor cortex relative to afferent terminal fields from the globus pallidus in the macaque monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 353: 415-426.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.353 , pp. 415-426
    • Inase, M.1    Tanji, J.2
  • 36
    • 0023695027 scopus 로고
    • Projection on the motor cortex of thalamic neurons with pallidal input in the monkey
    • NAMBU, A., et al. 1988. Projection on the motor cortex of thalamic neurons with pallidal input in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 71: 658-662.
    • (1988) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.71 , pp. 658-662
    • Nambu, A.1
  • 37
    • 0027411186 scopus 로고
    • Multiple output channels in the basal ganglia
    • HOOVER, J.E. & P.L. STRICK. 1993. Multiple output channels in the basal ganglia. Science 259: 819-821.
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 819-821
    • Hoover, J.E.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 38
    • 0022389151 scopus 로고
    • The primate mediodorsal (MD) nucleus and its projection to the frontal lobe
    • GOLDMAN-RAKIC, P.S. & L.J. PORRINO. 1985. The primate mediodorsal (MD) nucleus and its projection to the frontal lobe. J. Comp. Neurol. 242: 535-560.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.242 , pp. 535-560
    • Goldman-Rakic, P.S.1    Porrino, L.J.2
  • 39
    • 0028110209 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function
    • MIDDLETON, F.A. & P.L. STRICK. 1994. Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function. Science 266: 458-461.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 458-461
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 40
    • 0026079292 scopus 로고
    • Organization of striatopallidal, striatonigral and nigrostriatal projections in the macaque
    • HEDREEN, J.C. & M.R. DELONG. 1991. Organization of striatopallidal, striatonigral and nigrostriatal projections in the macaque. J. Comp. Neurol. 304: 569-595.
    • (1991) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.304 , pp. 569-595
    • Hedreen, J.C.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 41
    • 0036719907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal-ganglia "projections" to the prefrontal cortex of the primate
    • MIDDLETON, F.A. & P.L. STRICK. 2002. Basal-ganglia "projections" to the prefrontal cortex of the primate. Cerebr. Cortex 12: 926-935.
    • (2002) Cerebr. Cortex , vol.12 , pp. 926-935
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 42
    • 0021878064 scopus 로고
    • Organization of the nigrothalamocortical system in the rhesus monkey
    • ILINSKY, I.A., et al. 1985. Organization of the nigrothalamocortical system in the rhesus monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 236: 315-330.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.236 , pp. 315-330
    • Ilinsky, I.A.1
  • 43
    • 0032496737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigral innervation of cholinergic and glutamatergic cells in the rat mesopontine tegmentum: Light and electron microscopic anterograde tracing and immunohistochemical studies
    • GROFOVA, I. & M. ZHOU. 1998. Nigral innervation of cholinergic and glutamatergic cells in the rat mesopontine tegmentum: light and electron microscopic anterograde tracing and immunohistochemical studies. J. Comp. Neurol. 395: 359-379.
    • (1998) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.395 , pp. 359-379
    • Grofova, I.1    Zhou, M.2
  • 44
    • 0023851722 scopus 로고
    • Medullary and spinal efferents of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat
    • RYE, D.B., et al. 1988. Medullary and spinal efferents of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent mesopontine tegmentum in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 269: 315-341.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.269 , pp. 315-341
    • Rye, D.B.1
  • 45
    • 0026721398 scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies
    • STEININGER, T.L., et al. 1992. Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies. J. Comp. Neurol. 321: 515-543.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.321 , pp. 515-543
    • Steininger, T.L.1
  • 46
    • 0022482761 scopus 로고
    • Role of the basal ganglia in the initiation of saccadic eye movements
    • WURTZ, R.H. & O. HIKOSAKA. 1986. Role of the basal ganglia in the initiation of saccadic eye movements. Prog. Brain Res. 64: 175-190.
    • (1986) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.64 , pp. 175-190
    • Wurtz, R.H.1    Hikosaka, O.2
  • 47
    • 0029919142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the control of arm position, movement, and thalamic discharge during local inactivation in the glohus pallidus of the monkey
    • INASE, M., et al. 1996. Changes in the control of arm position, movement, and thalamic discharge during local inactivation in the glohus pallidus of the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 75: 1087-1104.
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.75 , pp. 1087-1104
    • Inase, M.1
  • 48
    • 0020957434 scopus 로고
    • Relations between parameters of step-tracking movements and single cell discharge in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of the behaving monkey
    • GEORGOPOULOS, A.P., et al. 1983. Relations between parameters of step-tracking movements and single cell discharge in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus of the behaving monkey. J. Neurosci. 3: 1586-1598.
    • (1983) J. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 1586-1598
    • Georgopoulos, A.P.1
  • 49
    • 0023617258 scopus 로고
    • The primate glohus pallidus: Neuronal activity related to direction of movement
    • MITCHELL, S.J., et al. 1987. The primate glohus pallidus: neuronal activity related to direction of movement. Exp. Brain Res. 68: 491-505.
    • (1987) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.68 , pp. 491-505
    • Mitchell, S.J.1
  • 50
    • 0031771438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor subcircuits mediating the control of movement velocity: A PET study
    • TURNER, R.S., et al. 1998. Motor subcircuits mediating the control of movement velocity: a PET study. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2162-2176.
    • (1998) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.80 , pp. 2162-2176
    • Turner, R.S.1
  • 51
    • 0025815494 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative analysis of pallidal discharge during targeted reaching movement in the monkey
    • ANDERSON, M.E. & R.S. TURNER. 1991. A quantitative analysis of pallidal discharge during targeted reaching movement in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 86: 623-632.
    • (1991) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.86 , pp. 623-632
    • Anderson, M.E.1    Turner, R.S.2
  • 52
    • 0021012768 scopus 로고
    • The neurophysiologic basis of abnormal movements in basal ganglia disorders
    • DELONG, M.R. 1983. The neurophysiologic basis of abnormal movements in basal ganglia disorders. Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 5: 611-616.
    • (1983) Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. , vol.5 , pp. 611-616
    • Delong, M.R.1
  • 53
    • 0026100745 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia motor control. III. Pallidal ablation: Normal reaction time, muscle cocontraction, and slow movement
    • MINK, J.W. & W.T. THACH. 1991. Basal ganglia motor control. III. Pallidal ablation: normal reaction time, muscle cocontraction, and slow movement. J. Neurophysiol. 65: 330-351.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 330-351
    • Mink, J.W.1    Thach, W.T.2
  • 54
    • 0030474521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frontal cortex-basal ganglia system in primates
    • WISE, S.P., et al. 1996. The frontal cortex-basal ganglia system in primates. Crit. Rev. Neurobiol. 10: 317-356.
    • (1996) Crit. Rev. Neurobiol. , vol.10 , pp. 317-356
    • Wise, S.P.1
  • 55
    • 0029598856 scopus 로고
    • Building action repertoires: Memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia
    • GRAYBIEL, A.M. 1995. Building action repertoires: memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5: 733-741.
    • (1995) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 733-741
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 56
    • 77956782804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phasic reward signal of primate dopamine neurons
    • SCHULTZ, W. 1998. The phasic reward signal of primate dopamine neurons. Adv. Pharmacol. 42: 686-690.
    • (1998) Adv. Pharmacol. , vol.42 , pp. 686-690
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 57
    • 0001496694 scopus 로고
    • A primate model of parkinsonism: Selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • BURNS, R.S., et al. 1983. A primate model of parkinsonism: selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 4546-4550.
    • (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.80 , pp. 4546-4550
    • Burns, R.S.1
  • 58
    • 0002560069 scopus 로고
    • MPTP: The promise of a new neurotoxin
    • C.D. Marsden & S. Fahn, Eds. Butterworths. London
    • LANGSTON, J.W. 1987. MPTP: The promise of a new neurotoxin. In Movement Disorders 2. C.D. Marsden & S. Fahn, Eds.: 73-90. Butterworths. London.
    • (1987) Movement Disorders , vol.2 , pp. 73-90
    • Langston, J.W.1
  • 59
    • 0021849088 scopus 로고
    • Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the macaque monkey
    • CROSSMAN, A.R., et al. 1985. Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the macaque monkey. Neuropharmacology 24: 587-591.
    • (1985) Neuropharmacology , vol.24 , pp. 587-591
    • Crossman, A.R.1
  • 60
    • 0022383670 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) primate model of Parkinson's disease
    • SCHWARTZMAN, R.J. & G.M. ALEXANDER. 1985. Changes in the local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) primate model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res. 358: 137-143.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.358 , pp. 137-143
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Alexander, G.M.2
  • 61
    • 0023874623 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal influences of passive limb movement on the activity of globus pallidus neurons in parkinsonian monkeys
    • FILION, M., et al. 1988. Abnormal influences of passive limb movement on the activity of globus pallidus neurons in parkinsonian monkeys. Brain Res. 444: 165-176.
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.444 , pp. 165-176
    • Filion, M.1
  • 62
    • 0000024912 scopus 로고
    • Altered tonic activity of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus in the primate MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • M.B. Carpenter & A. Jayaraman, Eds. Plenum. New York
    • MILLER, W.C. & M.R. DELONG. 1987. Altered tonic activity of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus in the primate MPTP model of parkinsonism. In The Basal Ganglia II. M.B. Carpenter & A. Jayaraman, Eds.: 415-427. Plenum. New York.
    • (1987) The Basal Ganglia II , pp. 415-427
    • Miller, W.C.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 63
    • 0028021805 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. II. Neuronal activity in the MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • BERGMAN, H., et al. 1994. The primate subthalamic nucleus. II. Neuronal activity in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 507-520.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 507-520
    • Bergman, H.1
  • 64
    • 0032896281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of MPTP-induced changes in spontaneous neuronal discharge in the internal pallidal segment and in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in primates
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 1999. Comparison of MPTP-induced changes in spontaneous neuronal discharge in the internal pallidal segment and in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in primates. Exp. Brain Res. 125: 397-409.
    • (1999) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.125 , pp. 397-409
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 65
    • 0028610375 scopus 로고
    • Anatomic and physiological considerations in pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease
    • DOGALI, M., et al. 1994. Anatomic and physiological considerations in pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease. Stereotactic Funct. Neurosurg. 62: 53-60.
    • (1994) Stereotactic Funct. Neurosurg. , vol.62 , pp. 53-60
    • Dogali, M.1
  • 66
    • 0029664667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for microelectrode-guided posteroventral pallidotomy
    • LOZANO, A., et al. 1996. Methods for microelectrode-guided posteroventral pallidotomy. J. Neurosurg. 84: 194-202.
    • (1996) J. Neurosurg. , vol.84 , pp. 194-202
    • Lozano, A.1
  • 67
    • 0000203952 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activity in the internal (GPi) and external (GPe) segments of the globus pallidus (GP) of parkinsonian patients is similar to that in the MPTP-treated primate model of parkinsonism
    • VITEK, J.L., et al. 1993. Neuronal activity in the internal (GPi) and external (GPe) segments of the globus pallidus (GP) of parkinsonian patients is similar to that in the MPTP-treated primate model of parkinsonism Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19: 1584.
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , pp. 1584
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 68
    • 0026165898 scopus 로고
    • Detection of preclinical Parkinson's disease with PET
    • BROOKS, D.J. 1991. Detection of preclinical Parkinson's disease with PET. Neurology 41: 24-27.
    • (1991) Neurology , vol.41 , pp. 24-27
    • Brooks, D.J.1
  • 69
    • 0034013291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional brain imaging of movement disorders
    • BIDELBERG, D. & C. EDWARDS. 2000. Functional brain imaging of movement disorders. Neurol. Res. 22: 305-312.
    • (2000) Neurol. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 305-312
    • Bidelberg, D.1    Edwards, C.2
  • 70
    • 0026591738 scopus 로고
    • The role of motor cortex in the pathophysiology of voluntary movement deficits associated with parkinsonism
    • WATTS, R.L. & A.S. MANDIR. 1992. The role of motor cortex in the pathophysiology of voluntary movement deficits associated with parkinsonism. Neurol. Clin. 10: 451-469.
    • (1992) Neurol. Clin. , vol.10 , pp. 451-469
    • Watts, R.L.1    Mandir, A.S.2
  • 71
    • 0030057607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptic innervation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons by glutamate-enriched terminals in the squirrel monkey
    • SMITH, Y., et al. 1996. Synaptic innervation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons by glutamate-enriched terminals in the squirrel monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 364: 231-253.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.364 , pp. 231-253
    • Smith, Y.1
  • 72
    • 77956729021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afferent control of substantia nigra compacta dopamine neurons: Anatomical perspective and role of glutamatergic and cholinergic inputs
    • KITAI, S.T. 1998. Afferent control of substantia nigra compacta dopamine neurons: anatomical perspective and role of glutamatergic and cholinergic inputs. Adv. Pharmacol. 42: 700-702.
    • (1998) Adv. Pharmacol. , vol.42 , pp. 700-702
    • Kitai, S.T.1
  • 73
    • 0030938242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic lesions of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus produce contralateral hemiparkinsonism in the monkey
    • KOJIMA, J., et al. 1997. Excitotoxic lesions of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus produce contralateral hemiparkinsonism in the monkey. Neurosci. Lett. 226: 111-114.
    • (1997) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.226 , pp. 111-114
    • Kojima, J.1
  • 74
    • 0032762498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the pedunculopontine region in basal-ganglia mechanisms of akinesia
    • MUNRO-DAVIES, L.E., et al. 1999. The role of the pedunculopontine region in basal-ganglia mechanisms of akinesia. Exp. Brain Res. 129: 511-517.
    • (1999) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.129 , pp. 511-517
    • Munro-Davies, L.E.1
  • 75
    • 0025169590 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus
    • BERGMAN, H., et al. 1990. Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus. Science 249: 1436-1438.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 1436-1438
    • Bergman, H.1
  • 76
    • 0026038674 scopus 로고
    • Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus for the alleviation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the primate
    • AZIZ, T.Z., et al. 1991. Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus for the alleviation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the primate. Mov. Disord. 6: 288-292.
    • (1991) Mov. Disord. , vol.6 , pp. 288-292
    • Aziz, T.Z.1
  • 77
    • 0002512168 scopus 로고
    • Local inactivation of the sensorimotor territories of the internal segment of the globus pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus alleviates parkinsonian motor signs in MPTP treated monkeys
    • G. Percheron, J.S. McKenzie & J. Feger, Eds. Plenum. New York
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 1994. Local inactivation of the sensorimotor territories of the internal segment of the globus pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus alleviates parkinsonian motor signs in MPTP treated monkeys. In The Basal Ganglia IV: New Ideas and Data on Structure and Function. G. Percheron, J.S. McKenzie & J. Feger, Eds.: 357-363. Plenum. New York.
    • (1994) The Basal Ganglia IV: New Ideas and Data on Structure and Function , pp. 357-363
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 78
    • 0035132955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiparkinsonian and behavioral effects of inactivation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in hemiparkinsonian primates
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 2001. Antiparkinsonian and behavioral effects of inactivation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in hemiparkinsonian primates. Exp. Neurol. 167: 410-424.
    • (2001) Exp. Neurol. , vol.167 , pp. 410-424
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 79
    • 0344642605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convection-enhanced selective excitotoxic ablation of the neurons of the globus pallidus internus for treatment of parkinsonism in nonhuman primates
    • LONSER, R.R., et al. 1999. Convection-enhanced selective excitotoxic ablation of the neurons of the globus pallidus internus for treatment of parkinsonism in nonhuman primates [see comments]. J. Neurosurg. 91: 294-302.
    • (1999) J. Neurosurg. , vol.91 , pp. 294-302
    • Lonser, R.R.1
  • 80
    • 9544234591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease by GPi pallidotomy: 1 year pilot-study results
    • BARON, M.S., et al. 1996. Treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease by GPi pallidotomy: 1 year pilot-study results. Ann. Neurol. 40: 355-366.
    • (1996) Ann. Neurol. , vol.40 , pp. 355-366
    • Baron, M.S.1
  • 81
    • 0028907570 scopus 로고
    • Stereotactic ventral pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease
    • DOGALI, M., et al. 1995. Stereotactic ventral pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease. Neurology 45: 753-761.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 753-761
    • Dogali, M.1
  • 82
    • 0026536547 scopus 로고
    • Leksell's posteroventral pallidotomy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • LAITINEN, L.V., et al. 1992. Leksell's posteroventral pallidotomy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J. Neurosurg. 76: 53-61.
    • (1992) J. Neurosurg. , vol.76 , pp. 53-61
    • Laitinen, L.V.1
  • 83
    • 0028864745 scopus 로고
    • Effect of GPi pallidotomy on motor function in Parkinson's disease
    • LOZANO, A.M., et al. 1995. Effect of GPi pallidotomy on motor function in Parkinson's disease. Lancet 346: 1383-1387.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 1383-1387
    • Lozano, A.M.1
  • 84
    • 0030633911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microelectrode-guided pallidotomy for medically intractable Parkinson's disease
    • VITEK, J.L., et al. 1997. Microelectrode-guided pallidotomy for medically intractable Parkinson's disease. Adv. Neurol. 74: 183-198.
    • (1997) Adv. Neurol. , vol.74 , pp. 183-198
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 85
    • 0000161614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral subthalamic nucleotomy can be accomplished safely
    • GILL, S.S. & P. HEYWOOD. 1998. Bilateral subthalamic nucleotomy can be accomplished safely. Mov. Disord. 13: 201.
    • (1998) Mov. Disord. , vol.13 , pp. 201
    • Gill, S.S.1    Heywood, P.2
  • 86
    • 0027990244 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of thalamocortical activity after posteroventrolateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease
    • CEBALLOS-BAUMAN, A.O. et al. 1994. Restoration of thalamocortical activity after posteroventrolateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease. Lancet 344: 814.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 814
    • Ceballos-Bauman, A.O.1
  • 87
    • 0031104818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pallidal and thalamic surgery for Parkinson's disease
    • TASKER, R.R., et al. 1997. Pallidal and thalamic surgery for Parkinson's disease. Exp. Neurol. 144: 35-40.
    • (1997) Exp. Neurol. , vol.144 , pp. 35-40
    • Tasker, R.R.1
  • 88
    • 0038227883 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are the main feature improved by contralateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease
    • RABEY, J.M., et al. 1995. Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are the main feature improved by contralateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 45: A377.
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45
    • Rabey, J.M.1
  • 89
    • 0034109592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: Problems with the current model
    • discussion S32-34
    • OBESO, J.A., et al. 2000. Pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: problems with the current model. Ann. Neurol. 47: S22-32; discussion S32-34.
    • (2000) Ann. Neurol. , vol.47
    • Obeso, J.A.1
  • 90
    • 0032722841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal globus pallidus discharge is nearly suppressed during levodopa-induced dyskinesias
    • PAPA, S.M., et al. 1999. Internal globus pallidus discharge is nearly suppressed during levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Ann. Neurol. 46: 732-738.
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 732-738
    • Papa, S.M.1
  • 91
    • 0028048143 scopus 로고
    • The functions of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease
    • MARSDEN, C.D. & J.A. OBESO. 1994. The functions of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease. Brain 117: 877-897.
    • (1994) Brain , vol.117 , pp. 877-897
    • Marsden, C.D.1    Obeso, J.A.2
  • 92
    • 0000345293 scopus 로고
    • Altered somatosensory response properties of neurons in the "motor" thalamus of MPTP treated parkinsonian monkeys
    • VITEK, J.L., et al. 1990. Altered somatosensory response properties of neurons in the "motor" thalamus of MPTP treated parkinsonian monkeys. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 16: 425.
    • (1990) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.16 , pp. 425
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 93
    • 0028048579 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. I. Functional properties in intact animals
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 1994. The primate subthalamic nucleus. I. Functional properties in intact animals. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 494-506.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 494-506
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 94
    • 0011336955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of experimental parkinsonism on neuronal discharge in motor and non-motor portions of the basal ganglia output nuclei in primates
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 1996. Comparison of the effects of experimental parkinsonism on neuronal discharge in motor and non-motor portions of the basal ganglia output nuclei in primates. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 22: 415.
    • (1996) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.22 , pp. 415
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 95
    • 0025854390 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal spontaneous activity of globus pallidus neurons in monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism
    • FILION, M. & L. TREMBLAY. 1991. Abnormal spontaneous activity of globus pallidus neurons in monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Brain Res. 547: 142-151.
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.547 , pp. 142-151
    • Filion, M.1    Tremblay, L.2
  • 96
    • 0033549810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus
    • PLENZ, D. & S. KITAI. 1999. A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus. Nature 400: 677-682.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 677-682
    • Plenz, D.1    Kitai, S.2
  • 97
    • 0031768142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology of MPTP tremor
    • BERGMAN, H., et al. 1998. Physiology of MPTP tremor. Mov. Disord. 13: 29-34.
    • (1998) Mov. Disord. , vol.13 , pp. 29-34
    • Bergman, H.1
  • 98
    • 0015745743 scopus 로고
    • Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington
    • BERNHEIMER, H., et al. 1973. Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington. J. Neurol. Sci. 20: 415-455.
    • (1973) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 415-455
    • Bernheimer, H.1
  • 99
    • 0038227888 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology of the globus pallidus neurons: An in vitro study in guinea pig brain slices
    • NAMBU, A. & R. LLINAS. 1990. Electrophysiology of the globus pallidus neurons: an in vitro study in guinea pig brain slices. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 16: 428.
    • (1990) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.16 , pp. 428
    • Nambu, A.1    Llinas, R.2
  • 100
    • 0033555825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode
    • BEURRIER, C., et al. 1999. Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode. J. Neurosci. 19: 599-609.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 599-609
    • Beurrier, C.1
  • 101
    • 0027979048 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. III. Changes in motor behavior and neuronal activity in the internal pallidum induced by subthalamic inactivation in the MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • WICHMANN, T., et al. 1994. The primate subthalamic nucleus. III. Changes in motor behavior and neuronal activity in the internal pallidum induced by subthalamic inactivation in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 521-530.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 521-530
    • Wichmann, T.1
  • 102
    • 0034651083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of activity in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network to cortical electroencephalogram
    • MAGILL, P.J., et al. 2000. Relationship of activity in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network to cortical electroencephalogram. J. Neurosci. 20: 820-833.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 820-833
    • Magill, P.J.1
  • 103
    • 0032609071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saccades and antisaccades in parkinsonian syndromes
    • VIDAILHET, M., et al. 1999. Saccades and antisaccades in parkinsonian syndromes. Adv. Neurol. 80: 377-382.
    • (1999) Adv. Neurol. , vol.80 , pp. 377-382
    • Vidailhet, M.1
  • 105
    • 0028817393 scopus 로고
    • Eye movements in monkeys with local dopamine depletion in the caudate nucleus. II. Deficits in voluntary saccades
    • KORI, A., et al. 1995. Eye movements in monkeys with local dopamine depletion in the caudate nucleus. II. Deficits in voluntary saccades. J. Neurosci. 15: 928-941.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 928-941
    • Kori, A.1
  • 106
    • 0028819282 scopus 로고
    • Eye movements in monkeys with local dopamine depletion in the caudate nucleus. I. Deficits in spontaneous saccades
    • KATO, M., et al. 1995. Eye movements in monkeys with local dopamine depletion in the caudate nucleus. I. Deficits in spontaneous saccades. J. Neurosci. 15: 912-927.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 912-927
    • Kato, M.1
  • 107
    • 0027203627 scopus 로고
    • Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior
    • CUMMINGS, J.L. 1993. Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior. Arch. Neurol. 50: 873-880.
    • (1993) Arch. Neurol. , vol.50 , pp. 873-880
    • Cummings, J.L.1
  • 108
    • 0034668905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Firing patterns and correlations of spontaneous discharge of pallidal neurons in the normal and the tremulous 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine vervet model of parkinsonism
    • RAZ, A., et al. 2000. Firing patterns and correlations of spontaneous discharge of pallidal neurons in the normal and the tremulous 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine vervet model of parkinsonism. J. Neurosci. 20: 8559-8571.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 8559-8571
    • Raz, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.