Nutritional variation and cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania - Rural-urban difference

South African Medical Journal

Volumn 93, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 295-299

  Njelekela, Marina ^a,b   Sato, Toshiaki ^c   Nara, Yasuo ^d   Miki, Tomohiro ^a   Kuga, Sachiko ^a   Noguchi, Takanori ^a   Kanda, Tomo ^a   Yamori, Masashi ^a   Ntogwisangu, Josiah ^b   Masesa, Zablon ^b   Mashalla, Yohana ^b   Mtabaji, Jacob ^b   Yamori, Yukio ^e  

^a KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES   (Tanzania)

^c Matsuda Red Cross General Hospital   (Japan)

^d UNIVERSITY OF EAST ASIA   (Japan)

^e Ctr Prim Prev of Cardiovasc Dis   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MAGNESIUM; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CHOLESTEROL INTAKE; COCONUT MILK; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DIET; DRUG USE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; FISH; FOOD INTAKE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MEAT; MILK; NUTRITION; OBESITY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RANDOMIZATION; RECALL; RELIGION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RURAL AREA; SALT INTAKE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TANZANIA; URBAN AREA; URBAN RURAL DIFFERENCE; VEGETABLE; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DIET; DIET SURVEYS; FEMALE; FOOD HABITS; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RISK FACTORS; RURAL HEALTH; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TANZANIA; URBAN HEALTH;

EID: 0037950598     PISSN: 02569574     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Morality causes for eight regions of the world: global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1269-1276.
2. Reddy KS. Yusuf S. Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation 1998; 97:596-601.
3. Mtabaji JP, Nara Y, Moriguchi Y, Yamori Y. Diet and hypertension in Tanzania. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 16: S3-S8.
4. Edwards R, Unwin N, Mugusi F, et al. Hypertension prevalence and care in an urban and rural area of Tanzania. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 145-152.
5. Walker RW, Mc Larty DG, Kitange HM, et al. Stroke morality in urban and rural Tanzania. Lancet 2000,; 355: 1684-1687.
6. Fuentes R, Ilmaniemi N, Laurikainen E, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A. Hypertension in developing economics: a review of ppopulation-based studies carried out from 1980 to 1998. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 521-529.
7. Bovet P, Shamlaye C, Kitua A, Riesen WF, Darioli R. High prevalent of cardiovascular risk factors in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean). Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 1730-1736.
8. Mtabaji JP, Nara Y, Yamori Y. The cardiac study in Tanzania: salt intake in the causation and treatment of hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 1990; 46: 80-81.
9. Bourne LT, Langenhoven ML, Steyn K, Jooste RL, Laubscher JA, Van der Vyver E. Nutrient intake in the urban African population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa: the Brisk Study. Cent Afr J Med 1993; 39: 238-247.
10. Mazengo MC, Simell O, Lukmanji Z, Shirima R, Karvetti RL. Food consumption in rural and urban Tanzania. Acta Trop 1997; 68: 313-326.
11. World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Disease Unit. WHO CARDIAC Study Protocol and manual of operations. Izumo/Geneva: WHO Collaborating Centre on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and WHO, 1986.
12. Gonzalez-Biosca MD, Fernandez-Cruz A, Gabriel-Sanchez R, Mizushima S, Yamori Y. Correlation between objectives automatic and auscultatory mercury manometer blood pressure measurements. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 16 :S26-S27.
13. Guidelines Subcommittee. 1990 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension: Guidelines for the management of hypertension. J Hypertension 1999; 17: 151-183.
14. Physical Status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry: report of the WHO expert committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1995; No 854: 1-452
15. Swai ABM, McLarty DG, Kitange HM, et al. Low prevalence of coronary heart disease in rural Tanzania. Int J Epidemiol 1993; 22: 651-659.
16. Ezenwaka CE, Offiah NV. Classical cardiovascular risk factors in Trinidadian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, are not influenced by the level of plasma glycemia. West Indian Med J 2001; 50: 288-293.
17. Stat View Software. Cary NC: SAS Institute Inc., 1990-1994.
18. Tucker KL, Buranapin S. Nutrition and aging in developing countries. J Nutr 2001; 131: 2417S-2423S.
19. Ness RA, Powles JW. The role of diet, fruit and vegetables and antioxidants in the aetiology of stroke. J Cardiovasc Risk 1999; 6: 229-234.
20. Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, et al. A prospective study of nutritional factors and hypertension among US men. Circulation 1992; 86:1475-1484.
21. Mufunda J, Scott LJ. Chifamba J, et al. Correlates of blood pressure in an urban Zimbabwean population and comparison to other populations of African origin. J Hum Hypertens 2000; 14: 65-73.
22. Weir MR. Impact of salt intake on blood pressure and proteinuria in diabetes importance of the renin-angiotensin system. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1998; 24: 438-445.
23. Njelekela M, Negishi H, Nara Y. et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania: a revisit. Acta Trop 200; 79: 231-239.
24. Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Farnwith RE, Peter JH. Consumption of fermented and non-fermented milk products. Effects on cholesterol concentrations and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71: 674-681.
25. Johns T, Mahunnah RL, Samaya R, Chapman L, Ticktin T. Saponins and phenotic content in plant dietary additives of a traditional subsistence community, the Batemi of Ngorongoro District, Tanzania. J Ethnopharmacol 1999; 66: 1-10.