Impact of a Tethyan circumglobal passage on ocean heat transport and "equable" climates

Paleoceanography

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2003, Pages

  Hotinski, R M ^a   Toggweiler, J R ^b  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anoxia; Circulation; Extinctions; Paleoceanography; Permian; Stagnant

Indexed keywords

ENERGY BALANCE; HEAT TRANSFER; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; RADIATIVE FORCING;

EID: 0037825751     PISSN: 08838305     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2001PA000730     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Arthur, M. A., and B. B. Sageman, Marine black shales: Depositional mechanisms and environments of ancient deposits, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 22, 499-551, 1994.
2. Barron, E. J., and W. H. Peterson, Model simulation of the Cretaceous ocean circulation, Science, 244, 684-686, 1989.
3. Barron, E. J., and W. H. Peterson, Mid-Cretaceous ocean circulation: Results from model sensitivity studies, Paleoceanography, 5, 319-337, 1990.
4. Barron, E. J., and W. M. Washington, The atmospheric circulation during warm geologic periods: Is the equator-to-pole surface temperature gradient the controlling factor?, Geology. 10, 633-636, 1982.
5. 2 as a plausible mechanism, in Monograph of Chapman Conference on Natural Variations in Carbon Dioxide and the Carbon Cycle, edited by E. Sundquist and W. Broecker, pp. 546-553, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1985.
6. Barron, E. J., P. J. Fawcett, D. Pollard, and S. Thompson, Model simulations of Cretaceous climates: The role of geography and carbon dioxide, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, 341, 307-316, 1993.
7. Barron, E. J., P. J. Fawcett, W. H. Peterson, D. Pollard, and S. L. Thompson, A "simulation" of mid-Cretaceous climate, Paleoceanography, 10, 953-962, 1995.
8. Berggren, W. A., Role of Ocean Gateways in climatic change, in Climate and Earth History, pp. 118-125, Stud. Geophys., Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, D. C., 1982.
9. Berggren, W. A., and C. D. Hollister, Paleogeography, paleobiogeography, and the history of circulation in the Atlantic ocean, in Studies in Oceanography, SEPM Spec. Publ., vol. 20, edited by W. W. Hay, pp. 126-186, Soc. of Econ. Paleontol. and Mineral., Tulsa, Okla., 1974.
10. Bice, K. L., and J. Marotzke, Numerical evidence against reversed thermohaline circulation in the warm Paleocene/Eocene ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 11,529-11,542, 2001.
11. Bice, K. L., C. R. Scotese, D. Seidov, and E. J. Barron, Quantifying the role of geographic change in Cenozoic ocean heat transport using uncoupled atmosphere and ocean models, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 161, 295-310, 2000.
12. Bijma, J., W. W. Faber, and C. Hemleben, Temperature and salinity limits for growth and survival of some planktonic foraminifers in laboratory cultures. J. Foraminiferal Res., 20, 95-116, 1990.
13. Bill, M., L. O'Dogherty, J. Guex, P. O. Baumgartner, and H. Masson, Radiolarite ages in Alpine Mediterranean ophiolites: Constraints on the oceanic spreading and the Tethys-Atlantic connection, GSA Bull., 113, 129-143, 2001.
14. Brady, E. C., R. M. DeConto, and S. L. Thompson, Deep water formation and poleward ocean heat transport in the warm climate extreme of the Cretaceous (80 Ma), Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(22), 4205-4208, 1998.
15. Broecker, W. S., The Great Ocean Conveyor, Oceanography, 4, 79-89, 1991.
16. Bryan, K., and L. Lewis, A water mass model of the world ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 2503-2517, 1979.
17. Bush, A. B. G., Numerical simulation of the Cretaceous Tethys circumglobal current, Science, 275, 807-810, 1997.
18. Bush, A. B. G., and S. G. H. Philander, The Late Cretaceous: Simulation with a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, Paleoceanography, 4, 207-212, 1997.
19. Covey, C., and E. J. Barron, The role of ocean heat transport in climatic change, Earth Sci. Rev., 24, 429-445, 1988.
20. Crowley, T. J., Paleomyths I have known, in Modeling the Earth's Climate and Its Variability, edited by W. R. Holland, S. Joussame, and F. David, pp. 377-430, Elsevier Sci., New York, 1999.
21. Crowley, T. J., and G. R. North, Paleoceanography, Oxford Monogr. Geol. Geophys., vol. 18, 339 pp., Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1991.
22. Crowley, T. J., and J. C. Zachos, Comparison of zonal temperature profiles for past warm time periods, in Warm Climates in Earth History, edited by B. Huber, K. G. MacLeod, and S. L. Wing, pp. 50-76, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2000.
23. DeConto, R. M., E. C. Brady, J. Bergengren, and W. W. Hay, Late Cretaceous climate, vegetation, and ocean interactions, in Warm Climates in Earth History, edited by B. Huber, K. G. MacLeod, and S. L. Wing, pp. 275-296, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2000.
24. DeWever, P., and F. Baudin, Palaeogeography of radiolarite and organic-rich deposits in Mesozoic Tethys, Geol. Rundsch., 85, 310-326, 1996.
25. D'Hondt, S. D., and M. A. Arthur, Late Cretaceous oceans and the cool tropic paradox, Science, 271, 1838-1841, 1996.
26. Dutton, J. F., and E. J. Barron, GENESIS sensitivity to changes in past vegetation, Palaeoclimates, 1, 325-354, 1996.
27. Emanuel, K., Contributions of tropical cyclones to meridional heat transport by the oceans. J. Geophys. Res., D14, 14,771-14,781, 2001.
28. Fanning, A. F., and A. J. Weaver, A horizontal resolution and parameter sensitivity study of heat transport in an idealized coupled climate model, J. Clim., 10, 2469-2478, 1997.
29. Fassell, M. L., and T. J. Bralower, Warm, equable mid-Cretaceous: Stable isotopic evidence, GSA Spec. Pap., 332, 121-142, 1999.
30. Foellmi, K. B., and M. Delamette, Model simulation of Mid-Cretaceous ocean circulation-Technical Comments, Science, 251, 94, 1991.
31. Flower, B. P., and J. P. Kennet, The middle Miocene climate transition: East Antractic ice sheet development, deep ocean circulation, and global carbon cycling, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 108, 537-555, 1994.
32. Garret, C., Mixing in the ocean interior, Dyn. Atmos, Oceans, 3, 239-265, 1979.
33. Gill, A. E., and K. Bryan, Effects of geometry on the circulation of a three-dimensional southern-hemisphere ocean model, Deep Sea Res., 18, 685-721, 1971.
34. Gordon, W. A., Marine life and ocean surface currents in the Cretaceous, J. Geol., 81, 269-284, 1973.
35. Gordon, W. A., Distribution by latitude of Phanerozoic evaporite deposits, J. Geol., 83, 671-684, 1975.
36. Griffies, S. M., The Gent-McWilliams skew flux, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 831-841, 1998.
37. Haq, B. U., Paleoceanography: A synoptic overview of 200 million years of ocean history, in Marine Geology and Oceanography of Arabian Sea and Coastal Pakistan, pp. 202-230, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1984.
38. Hellerman, S., and M. Rosenstein, Normal monthly windstress over the world ocean with error estimates, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 831-841, 1983.
39. Herman, A. B., and R. A. Spicer, New quantitative palaeoclimate data for the Late Cretaceous Arctic: Evidence for a warm polar ocean, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 128, 227-251, 1997.
40. Huber, B. T., D. A. Hodell, and C. P. Hamilton, Middle-Late Cretaceous climate of the southern high latitudes: Stable isotopic evidence for minimal equator-to-pole thermal gradients, GSA Bull., 107, 1164-1191, 1995.
41. Kirk-Davidoff, D. B., D. P. Schrag, and J. G. Anderson, On the feedback of stratospheric clouds on polar climate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(11), 1556, doi: 10.1029/2002GL014659, 2002.
42. Knutson, T. R., and S. Manabe, Model assessment of decadal variability and trends in the tropical Pacific Ocean, J. Clim., 11, 2273-2296, 1998.
43. Ledwell, J. R., A. J. Watson, and C. S. Law, Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from an open-ocean tracer-release experiment, Nature, 364, 701-703, 1993.
44. Luyenduk, B. P., D. Forsyth, and J. D. Phillips, Experimental approach to the paleocirculation of the oceanic surface waters, GSA Bull., 83, 2649-2664, 1972.
45. Lyle, M., Could Early Cenozoic thermohaline circulation have warmed the poles?, Paleoceanography, 12, 161-167, 1997.
46. 2-induced change in a coupled atmosphere-ocean model and its paleoclimatic implications, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 11,689-11,707, 1985.
47. Miller, K. G., T. R. Janecek, M. R. Katz, and D. J. Keil, Abyssal circulation and benthic foraminiferal changes near the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, Paleoceanography, 2, 741-761, 1987.
48. Myhre, G., E. J. Highwood, K. Shine, and D. J. Stordal, New estimates of radiative forcing due to well-mixed greenhouse gases, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(14), 2715-2718, 1998.
49. Norris, R. D., and P. A. Wilson, Low-latitude sea-surface temperatures for the mid-Cretaceous and the evolution of planktic foraminifera, Geology, 26, 823-826, 1998.
50. Norris, R. D., K. L. Bice, E. A. Magno, and P. A. Wilson, Jiggling the tropical thermostat in the Cretaceous hothouse, Geology, 30, 299-302, 2002.
51. North, G. R., Analytical solution to a simple climate model with diffusive heat transport, J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1301-1307, 1975.
52. Otto-Bliesner, B. L., and G. R. Upchurch Jr., Vegetation-induced warming of high-latitude regions during the Late Cretaceous period, Nature, 385, 804-807, 1997.
53. Pacanowski, R., MOM2: Documentation, users guide, and reference manual, Rep. 3.2, GFDL Ocean Tech. Rep., Geophys. Fluid Dyn. Lab., Princeton, N. J., 1996.
54. Parrish, J. T., A. M. Ziegler, and C. R. Scotese, Rainfall patterns and the distribution of coals and evaporites in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 40, 67-101, 1982.
55. Pearson, P. N., P. W. Ditchfield, J. Singano, K. G. Harcourt-Brown, C. J. Nicholas, R. K. Olsson, N. J. Shackleton, and M. A. Hall, Warm tropical sea surface temperatures in the Late Cretaceous and Eocene epochs, Nature, 413, 481-487, 2001.
56. Poulsen, C. J., D. Seidov, E. J. Barron, and W. H. Peterson, The impact of paleogeographic evolution on the surface oceanic circulation and the marine environment within the mid-Cretaceous Tethys, Paleoceanography, 13, 546-559, 1998.
57. Poulsen, C. J., E. J. Barron, and W. H. Peterson, A reinterpretation of mid-Cretaceous shallow marine temperatures through model-data comparison, Paleoceanography, 14, 679-697, 1999a.
58. Poulsen, C. J., E. J. Barron, C. C. Johnson, and P. Fawcett, Links between major climatic factors and regional oceanic circulation in the mid-Cretaceous, in Evolution of the Cretaceous Ocean-Climate System, GSA Spec. Pap., vol. 332, edited by E. Barrera and C. C. Johson, pp. 72-89, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo., 1999b.
59. Rea, D., The paleoclimatic record provided by eolian deposition in the deep sea: The geologic history of wind, Rev. Geophys., 32(2), 159-195, 1994.
60. Rees, P. M., A. M. Ziegler, and P. J. Valdes, Jurassic phytogeography and climates: New data and model comparisons, in Warm Climates in Earth History edited by B. Huber, K. G. MacLeod, and S. L. Wing, pp. 297-318, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2000.
61. Rind, D., and M. Chandler, Increased ocean heat transports and warmer climate, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7437-7461, 1991.
62. Schmidt, G. A., and L. A. Mysak, Can increased poleward oceanic heat flux explain the warm Cretaceous climate?, Paleoceanography, II, 579-593, 1996.
63. 2; Natural Variations, Archean to Present, Geophys. Monogr: Ser., vol. 32, edited by E. Sundquist and W. Broecker, pp. 554-560, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1985.
64. Scotese, C. R., Jurassic and Cretaceous plate tectonic reconstructions, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 87, 493-501, 1991.
65. Scotese, C. R., L. M. Gahagan, and R. L. Larson, Plate tectonic reconstructions of the Cretaceous and Cenozoic ocean basins, Tectonophysics, 155, 27-48, 1988.
66. Sellwood, B. W., G. D. Price, and P. J. Valdes, Cooler estimates of Cretaceous temperatures, Nature, 370, 453-455, 1994.
67. Shackleton, N. J., and A. Boersma, The climate of the Eocene ocean, J. Geol. Soc. London, 138, 153-157, 1981.
68. Shackleton, N. J., and J. P. Kennett, Paleotemperature history of the Cenozoic and the initiation of Antarctic glaciation: Oxygen and carbon isotope analysis in DSDP sites 277, 279, and 281, in Initial Reports of the Deep-Sea Drilling Project 29, edited by J. P. Kennett et al., pp. 743-755, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D. C., 1975.
69. Sloan, L. C., and D. K. Rea. Atmospheric carbon dioxide and early Eocene climate: A general circulation modeling sensitivity study, Palaeogeogr: Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 119, 275-292, 1995.
70. Sloan, L. C., J. C. G. Walker, T. C. Moore Jr., D. K. Rea, and J. C. Zachos, Possible methane-induced polar warming in the early Eocene, Nature, 357, 320-322, 1992.
71. Spero, H. J., and D. W. Lea, Experimental determination of stable isotope variability in Globigerina bulloides: Implications for paleoceano-graphic reconstructions, Mar. Micropaleontol., 28(3-4), 231-246, 1996.
72. Spero, H. J., J. Bijma, D. W. Lea, and B. E. Bemis, Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes, Nature, 390, 497-500, 1997.
73. Stille, P., M. Steinmann, and S. R. Riggs, Nd isotope evidence for the evolution of the paleocurrents in the Atlantic and Tethys Oceans during the past 180 Ma. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 144, 9-19, 1996.
74. Toggweiler, J. R., and H. Bjornsson, Drake Passage and paleoclimate, J. Quat. Sci., 15(4), 319-328, 2000.
75. Toggweiler, J. R., and B. L. Samuels, Is the magnitude of the deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by Southern Hemisphere winds? in The Global Carbon Cycle, NATO ASI Ser. I, vol. 15, edited by M. Heimann, pp. 303-331, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
76. Toggweiler, J. R., and B. L. Samuels, Effect of Drake Passage on the global thermohaline circulation. Deep Sea Res., Part I, 42, 477-500, 1995.
77. Toole, J. M., K. L. Polzin, and R. W. Schmitt, Estimates of diapycnal mixing in the abyssal ocean. Science, 264, 1120-1123, 1994.
78. Vakhrameev, V. A., Jurassic and Cretaceous Floras and Climates of the Earth, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
79. Walker, J. C. G., Climatic factors on the Archean earth, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 40, 1-11, 1982.
80. 2? in Upwelling in the Ocean: Modern Processes and Ancient Records, edited by C. P. Summerhayes et al., pp. 321-336, John Wiley, New York, 1994.
81. Winterer, E. L., The Tethyan Pacific during Late Jurassic and Cretaceous times, Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 87, 253-265, 1991.
82. Woodruff, F., and S. M. Savin, Miocene deepwater oceanography, Paleoceanography, 4, 87-140, 1989.
83. Wright, J. D., K. G. Miller, and R. G. Fairbanks, Early and Middle Miocene stable isotopes: Implications for deepwater circulation and climate, Paleoceanography, 7, 357-389, 1992.
84. Zachos, J. C., L. D. Stott, and K. C. Lohmann, Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures, Paleoceanography, 9, 353-387, 1994.
85. Zeebe, R. E., Seawater pH and isotopic paleotemperatures of Cretaceous oceans, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 170, 49-57. 2001.