Effects of cation-anion interactions on the structures and photophysical properties of anionic d0 tungsten-benzylidyne complexes

Inorganica Chimica Acta

Volumn 345, Issue , 2003, Pages 309-319

  Simpson, Cheslan K ^a   Da Re, Ryan E ^a   Pollagi, Timothy P ^b   Steele, Ian M ^a   Dallinger, Richard F ^c   Hopkins, Michael D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^c WABASH COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Alkylidyne complexes; Ion pairing; Luminescence

Indexed keywords

CROWN ETHERS; LUMINESCENCE; POSITIVE IONS;

ALKYLIDYNES; CATION-ANION INTERACTIONS; EMISSION LIFETIME; EMISSIVE STATE; FLUID SOLUTIONS; ION PAIRING; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; POLAR SOLVENTS;

TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS;

ANION; BENZYLIDENE DERIVATIVE; CATION; LIGAND; SODIUM; SOLVENT; TUNGSTEN;

ARTICLE; CARBON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; CHEMICAL BINDING; CHEMICAL INTERACTION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; GEOMETRY; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; ION PAIR EXTRACTION; LIQUID; LUMINESCENCE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; ROOM TEMPERATURE; SOLID STATE; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 0037430697     PISSN: 00201693     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0020-1693(02)01292-6     Document Type: Article

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13. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
14. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
15. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
16. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
17. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
18. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
19. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
20. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
21. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
22. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
23. The luminescence properties of several lower-oxidation-state metal-alkylidyne complexes have been reported; these reports include Ref. [6a] and the following: (a) C.C.S. Cavalheiro, K.E. Torraca, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 38 (1999) 3254; (b) A. Mayr, M.P.Y. Yu, V.W.W. Yam, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 (1999) 1760; (c) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 552 (1998) 255; (d) F.W. Lee, M.C.W. Chan, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, J. Organomet. Chem. 563 (1998) 191; (e) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, M.C.W. Chan, Z.M. Su, K.K. Cheung, C.M. Che, Organometallics 17 (1998) 1946; (f) W.M. Xue, M.C.W. Chan, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, Inorg. Chem. 36 (1997) 6437; (g) T.K. Schoch, A.D. Main, R.D. Burton, L.A. Lucia, E.A. Robinson, K.S. Schanze, L. McElwee-White, Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 7769; (h) W.M. Xue, Y. Wang, T.C.W. Mak, C.M. Che, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. (1996) 2827; (i) S. Trammell, B.P. Sullivan, L.M. Hodges, W.D. Harman, S.R. Smith, H.H. Thorp, Inorg. Chem. 34 (1995) 2791; (j) J. Manna, T.M. Gilbert, R.F. Dallinger, S.J. Geib, M.D. Hopkins, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 5870; (k) J.D. Carter, K.B. Kingsbury, A. Wilde, T.K. Schoch, C.J. Leep, E.K. Pham, L. McElwee-White, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 2947; (l) A.B. Bocarsly, R.E. Cameron, H.D. Rubin, G.A. McDermott, C.R. Wolff, A. Mayr, Inorg. Chem. 24 (1985) 3976.
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