Rationale for the use of dopamine agonists as neuroprotective agents in Parkinson's disease

Annals of Neurology

Volumn 53, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2003, Pages

  Schapira, Anthony H V ^a,b   Olanow, C Warren ^c   Isacson, ^d   Rascol, ^d   Brooks, ^d   Tatton, ^d   Marek, ^d   Beal, ^d   Jenner, ^d  

^a ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMANTADINE; BROMOCRIPTINE; CABERGOLINE; CATECHOL METHYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; LEVODOPA; MONOAMINE OXIDASE B INHIBITOR; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; PERGOLIDE; PRAMIPEXOLE; ROPINIROLE;

CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONFUSION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG HALF LIFE; DYSKINESIA; HALLUCINATION; HUMAN; NEUROPROTECTION; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SLEEP DISORDER;

CLINICAL TRIALS; HUMANS; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; PARKINSON DISEASE;

EID: 0037378032     PISSN: 03645134     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ana.10514     Document Type: Review

References (114)

1. Olanow CW, Watts RL, Koller WC. An algorithm (decision tree) for the management of Parkinson's disease (2001): treatment guidelines. Neurology 2001;56(suppl 5):1-88.
2. Warner T, Schapira AH. Genetic and environmental factors in the cause of Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S16-S25.
3. Jenner P. Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S26-S38.
4. Beal F. Bioenergetic approaches for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S39-S48.
5. Hunot S, Hirsch E. Neuroinflammatory processes in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S49-S60.
6. McNaught K, Olanow CW. Proteolytic stress: a unifying concept for the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S73-S86.
7. McNaught KStP, Olanow CW, Halliwell B, Isacson O, Jenner P. Failure of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in Parkinson's disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2001;2:89-94.
8. Tatton W. Apoptosis in Parkinson's disease: signals for neuronal degradation. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S61-S72.
9. Hirsch EC, Hunot S, Faucheux B, et al. Dopaminergic neurons degenerate by apoptosis in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1999;14:383-385.
10. Olanow CW. Oxidation reactions in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1990;40:32-7.
11. Spencer JP, Jenner P, Halliwell B. Superoxide-dependent depletion of reduced glutathione by L-DOPA and dopamine. Relevance to Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 1995;66: 1480-1484.
12. Spina MB, Cohen G. Exposure of striatal synaptosomes to 1-dopa elevates levels of oxidized glutathione. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1988;247:502-507.
13. Spencer JP, Jenner P, Daniel SE, et al. Conjugates of catecholamines with cysteine and GSH in Parkinson's disease: possible mechanisms of formation involving reactive oxygen species. J Neurochem 1998;71:2112-2122.
14. Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Rodriguez M, et al. Pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: problems with the current model. Ann Neurol 2000; 47(suppl):S22-S34.
15. Schrag A, Quinn N. Dyskinesias and motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. A community-based study. Brain 2000; 123:2297-2305.
16. 3H]spiperone binding. Brain Res 1986;379:294-299.
17. Olanow CW, Obeso JA. Pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors and levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease: implications for the early use of COMT inhibitors. Neurology 2000;55(suppl 4):72-81.
18. Calne DB, Burton K, Beckman J, et al. Dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease. Can J Neurol Sci 1984;11:221-224.
19. Rinne UK. Brief communications: early combination of bromocriptine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: a 5 year follow-up. Neurology 1987;37:826-828.
20. Olanow CW, Alberts M, Stajich J, et al. A randomized blinded study of low bromocriptine versus low dose carbidopa/levodopa in untreated Parkinson patients. In: Fahn S, Marsden D, Calne D, Goldstein M, eds. Recent developments in Parkinson's disease. Vol II. New York: Macmillan Health Care, 1987:201-208.
21. Montastruc JL, Rascol O, Senard JM, et al. A randomized controlled study comparing bromocriptine to which levodopa was later added, with levodopa alone in previously untreated patients with Parkinson's disease: a five year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:1034-1038.
22. Rascol O, Brooks DJ, Korczyn AD, et al. A five year study of the incidence of dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson's disease who were treated with ropinirole or levodopa. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1484-1491.
23. Parkinson Study Group. Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease. JAMA 2000;284:231-238.
24. Rinne UK, Bracco F, Chouza C, et al. Early treatment of Parkinson's disease with cabergoline delays the onset of motor complications. Results of a double-blind levodopa controlled trial. Drugs 1998;55(suppl 1):23-30.
25. Carvey PM, Pieri S, Ling ZD. Attenuation of levodopa-induced toxicity in mesencephalic cultures by pramipexole. J Neurol Transm 1997;104:209-228.
26. 2 and 6-hydroxydopamine. Mov Dis 1998;13:242-248.
27. Zou LL, Jankovic J, Rowe D, et al. Neuroprotection by pramipexole against dopamine and levodopa-induced cytotoxicity. Life Sci 1999;64:1275-1285.
28. Takashima H, Tsujihata M, Kishikawa M, Freed WJ. Bromocriptine protects dopaminergic neurons from levodopainduced toxicity by stimulating D2 receptors. Exp Neurol 1999;159:98-104.
29. Kitamura Y, Kodaka T, Kakimura JI, et al. Protective effects of the antiparkinsonian drugs talipexole and pramipexole against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium induced apoptotic death in human neuroblasoma SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Pharmacol 1998; 54:1046-1054.
30. Schapira AH, Gu M, King DF, et al. Pramipexole protects against rotenone toxicity: mechanisms and implications. Neurology 2002;58:495.
31. Ogawa N, Tanaka K, Asanuma M, et al. Bromocriptine protects mice against 6-hydroxydopamine and scavenges hydroxyl free radical in vitro. Brain Res 1994;657:207-213.
32. Asanuma M, Ogawa N, Nishibayashi S, et al. Protective effects of pergolide on dopamine levels in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned mouse brain. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1995;329:221-230.
33. Vu TQ, Ling ZD, Ma SY, et al. Pramipexole attenuates the dopaminergic cell loss induced by intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine. J Neurol Transm 2000;107:159-176.
34. Grûnblatt E, Mandel S, Berkuzki T, et al. Apomorphine protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Mov Disord 1999;14:612-618.
35. Muralikrishnan D, Mohanakumar KP. Neuroprotection by bromocriptine against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity in mice. FASEB J 1998;12: 905-912.
36. Kitamura Y, Kohno Y, Nakazawa M, et al. Inhibitory effects of talipexole and pramipexole on MPTP-induced dopamine reduction in the striatum of C57BL/6N mice. Jpn J Pharmacol 1997;74:51-57.
37. Amano T, Ujihara H, Matsubayashi H, et al. Dopamine-induced protection of striatal neurons against kainate receptor-mediated glutamate cytotoxicity in vitro. Brain Res 1994;655:61-69.
38. 3 agonist pramipexole against postischemic or methamphetamine-induced degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons. Brain Res 1996;742:80-88.
39. Felten DL, Felten SY, Fuller RW, et al. Chronic dietary pergolide preserves nigrostriatal neuronal integrity in aged Fischer 344 rats. Neurobiol Ageing 1992;13:339-351.
40. Jenner P, Iravani MM, Haddon CO, et al. Pramipexole protects against MPTP-induced nigral dopaminergic cell loss in primates. Neurology 2002;58:494.
41. Sethy VH, Wu H, Oostveen JA, et al. Neuroprotective effects of the dopamine agonists pramipexole and bromocriptine in 3-acetylpyridine-treated rats. Brain Res 1997;754:181-186.
42. Liu XH, Kato H, Chen T, et al. Bromocriptine protects against delayed neuronal death of hippocampal neurons following cerebral ischemia in the gerbil. J Neurol Sci 1995;129: 9-14.
43. 2 receptor agonists protect against ischemia-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration in global cerebral ischaemia. Eur J Pharmacol 1998;352:37-46.
44. Good PF, Olanow CW, Hsu A, Gordon JW. Deprenyl, desmethyl deprenyl, and ropinirole extend the life span of SOD-1 G86R transgenic mice. Soc Neurosci Abst 1999;25:854.
45. Olanow CW. A rationale for dopamine agonists as primary therapy for Parkinson's disease. Can J Neurosci 1992;19: 108-112.
46. Olanow CW, Jenner P, Brooks D. Dopamine agonists and neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1998;44:167-174.
47. Basma AN, Morris EJ, Nicklas WJ, Geller HM. L-Dopa cytotoxicity to PC12 cells in culture is via its autoxidation. J Neurochem 1995;64:825-832.
48. Lai CT, Yu PH. Dopamine- and L-beta-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine hydrochloride (L-Dopa)-induced cytotoxicity towards catecholaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Effects of oxidative stress and antioxidative factors. Biochem Pharmacol 1997;53:363-372.
49. Mena MA, Pardo B, Casarejos MJ, et al. Neurotoxicity of levodopa on catecholamine-rich neurons. Mov Disord 1992;7: 23-31.
50. Tanaka M, Sotomatsu A, Kanai H, et al. Dopa and dopamine cause cultured neuronal death in the presence of iron. J Neurosci 1991;101:198-203.
51. Mytilineou C, Han S-K, Cohen G. Toxic and protective effects of L-DOPA on mesencephalic cell cultures. J Neurochem 1993;61:1470-1478.
52. Walkinshaw G, Waters CM. Induction of apoptosis in catecholaminergic PC12 cells by L-DOPA. Implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2458-2464.
53. Spencer Smith T, Parker WD Jr, Bennett JP. L-DOPA increases nigral production of hydroxyl radicals in vivo: potential L-DOPA toxicity? Neuroreport 1994;5:1009-1011.
54. Spencer JPE, Jenner A, Aruoma OI, et al. Intense oxidative DNA damage promoted by L-DOPA and its metabolites: implications for neurodegenerative disease. FEBS Lett 1994;353:246-250.
55. Tanaka M, Sotomatsu A, Kanai H, Hirai S. Combined histochemical and biochemical demonstration of nigral vulnerability to lipid peroxidation induced by DOPA and iron. Neurosci Lett 1992;140:42-46.
56. Ogawa N, Edamatsu R, Mizukawa K, et al. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and free radicals: possible participation of levodopa. Adv Neurol 1993;60:242-250.
57. Przedborski S, Jackson-Lewis V, Muthane U, et al. Chronic levodopa administration alters cerebral mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. Ann Neurol 1993;34:715-723.
58. Pardo B, Mena MA, de Yebenes JG. L-dopa inhibits complex IV of the electron transport chain in catecholamine-rich human neuroblastoma NB69 cells. J Neurochem 1995;64:576-582.
59. Olanow CW, Fahn S, Muenter M, et al. A multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled trial of pergolide as an adjunct to Sinemet in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1994;9: 40-47.
60. Lieberman A, Olanow CW, Sethi K, et al. A multi-center double blind placebo-controlled trial of ropinirole as an adjunct to L-dopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease patients with motor fluctuations. Neurology 1998;51:1057-1062.
61. Agid Y, Olanow CW, Mizuno Y. Levodopa - why the controversy? Lancet 2002;360:575.
62. Hefti F, Melamed E, Bhawan J, Wurtman RJ. Long-term administration of L-dopa does not damage dopamiergic neurons in the mouse. Neurology 1981;31:1194-1195.
63. Lyras L, Zeng BY, McKenzie G, et al. Chronic high dose L-DOPA alone or in combination with the COMT inhibitor entacapone does not increase oxidative damage or impair the function of the nigro-striatal pathway in normal cynomologus monkeys. J Neural Transm 2002;109:53-67.
64. Quinn N, Parkes D, Janota I, Marsden CD. Preservation of the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in a patient receiving levodopa (2 kg) plus decarboxylase inhibitor over a four-year period. Mov Disord 1986;1:65-68.
65. Camp DM, Loeffler DA, LeWitt PA. L-DOPA does not enhance hydroxyl radical formation in the nigrostriatal dopamine system of rats with a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion. J Neurochem 2000;74:1229-1240.
66. Murer MG, Dziewczapolski G, Menalled LB, et al. Chronic levodopa is not toxic for remaining dopamine neurons, but instead promotes their recovery, in rats with moderate nigrostraital lesions. Ann Neurol 1998;43:561-575.
67. Blunt SB, Jenner P, Marsden CD. Suppressive effect of L-dopa on dopamine cells remaining in the ventral tegmental area of rats previously exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine. Mov Disord 1993;8:129-133.
68. Datla KP, Blunt SB, Dexter DT. Chronic L-DOPA administration is not toxic to the remaining dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons, but instead may promote their functional recovery, in rats with partial 6-OHDA or FeCl(3) nigrostriatal lesions. Mov Disord 2001;16:424-434.
69. Mytilineou C, Walker R, JnoBaptiste R, Olanow CW. Levodopa is toxic to dopamine neurons in an in vitro but not an in vivo model of oxidative stress. JPET 2003;304:792-800.
70. Han S-K, Mytilineou C, Cohen G. L-dopa up-regulates glutathione and protects mesencephalic cultures against oxidative stress. J Neurochem 1996;66:501-510.
71. Ogawa N, Iwata E, Asanuma M, et al. Oxidative stress and transcription factors. In: Packer L, Hiramatsu M, Yoshikawa T, eds. Free radicals in brain physiology and disorders. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:131-140.
72. Kalir HH, Mytilineou C. Ascorbic acid in mesencephalic cultures: effects on dopaminergic neuron development. J Neurochem 1991;57:458-464.
73. Riederer P, Sofic E, Rausch WD, et al. Transition metals, ferritin, glutathione, and ascorbic acid in parkinsonian brains. J Neurochem 1989;52:515-520.
74. Rajput AH, Fenton ME, Birdi S, et al. Is levodopa toxic to human substantia nigra? Mov Disord 1997;12:634-638.
75. Kondo T, Ito T, Sugita Y. Bromocriptine scavenges methamphetamine-induced hydroxyl radicals and attenuates dopamine depletion in mouse striatum. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994;738:222-229.
76. Gassen M, Glinka Y, Pinchasi B, et al. Apomorphine is a highly free radical scavenger in rat brain mitochondrial fraction. Eur J Pharmacol 1996;308:219-225.
77. Nishibayashi S, Asanuma M, Kohno M, et al. Scavenging effects of dopamine agonists on nitric oxide radicals. J Neurochem 1996;67:2208-2211.
78. Gomez-Vargas M, Nishibayashi S, Asanuma M, et al. Pergolide scavenges both hydroxyl and nitric oxide free radicals in vitro and inhibits peroxidation in different regions of the rat brain. Brain Res 1998;790:202-208.
79. Clow A, Freestone C, Lewis E, et al. The effect of pergolide and MDL 72974 on rat brain CuZn superoxide dismutase. Neurosci Lett 1993;164:41-43.
80. 2 receptormediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist. Brain Res 1999;838:51-59.
81. 2 autoreceptor agonist, decreases the extracellular concentration of dopamine in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 1991;200:65-72.
82. Piercey MF, Camacho-Ochoa M, Smith MW. Functional roles for dopamine-receptor subtypes. Clin Neuropharmacol 1995;18:34-42.
83. Rodriguez MC, Obeso JA, Olanow CW. Subthalamic nucleus-mediated excitotoxicity in Parkinson's disease: a target for neuroprotection. Ann Neurol 1998;44:175-188.
84. Wichmann T, Bergman H, DeLong MR. The primate subthalamic nucleus III. Changes in motor behaviour and neuronal activity in the internal pallidum induced by subthalamic nucleus inactivation in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol 1994;72:521-530.
85. DeLong MR. Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. TINS 1990;13:281-285.
86. Herrero MT, Levy R, Ruberg M, et al. Consequence of nigrostriatal denervation and L-dopa therapy on the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase messenger RNA in the pallidum. Neurology 1996;47:219-224.
87. Vila M, Herrero MT, Levy R, et al. Consequences of nigrostriatal denervation on the gamma-aminobutiric acidic neurons of substantia nigra pars reticulata and superior colliculus in parkinsonian syndromes. Neurology 1996;46:802-809.
88. Vila M, Levy R, Herrero MT, et al. Consequence of nigrostriatal denervation on the functioning of basal ganglia in human and nonhuman primates: an in situ hybridization study of cytochrome oxidase subunit I mRNA. J Neurosci 1997;17: 765-773.
89. Feger J, Hassani LN, Mouroux M. The subthalamic nucleus and its connections: new electrophysiological and pharmacological data. Adv Neurol 1997;74:31-44.
90. Piallat B, Benazzouz A, Benabid AL. Subthalamic nucleus lesion in rats prevents dopaminergic nigral neuron degeneration after striatal 6-OHDA injection: behavioural and immunohistochemical studies. Eur J Neurosci 1996;8:1408-1414.
91. Good PF, Hsu A, Werner P, et al. Protein nitration in Parkinson's disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998;57: 338-342.
92. Olanow CW, Good PF, Perl DP. Evidence of damage to the globus pallidus pars interna and pedunculopontine nucleus in Parkinson's disease: implications for neuroprotection. Soc Neurosci Abst 1999;25:1342.
93. Tatton NA, Maclean-Fraser A, Tatton WG, et al. A fluorescent double-labeling method to detect and confirm apoptotic nuclei in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1998;44:142-148.
94. Hirsch EC, Hunot S, Faucheux B, et al. Dopaminergic neurons degenerate by apoptosis in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1999;14:383-385.
95. Zamzami N, Hirsch T, Dallaporta B, et al. Mitochondrial implication in accidental and programmed cell death: apoptosis and necrosis. J Bionerg Biomembr 1997;29:185-193.
96. Susin SA, Zamzani N, Kroemer G. Mitochondria as regulators of apoptotis: doubt no more. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1366:151-156.
97. Tatton WG, Olanow CW. Apoptosis in neurodegenerative disease: the role of mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1410:195-213.
98. Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, et al. Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature 1999;397:441-446.
99. + toxicity in SHSY5Y cells by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. Neurology 2001;56:A377-A388.
100. Cassarino DS, Fall CP, Smith TS, et al. Pramipexole reduces reactive oxygen species production in vivo and in vitro and inhibits the mitochondrial permeability transition produced by the parkinsonian neurotoxin methylpyridinium ion. J Neurochem 1998;71:295-301.
101. Takata K, Kitamua Y, Kakimura J, et al. Increase of protein in neuronal dendritic processes of cerebral cortex and hippocampus by the antiparkinsonian drugs, talipexole and pramipexole. Brain Res 2000;872:236-241.
102. Carvey PM, Ling Z. Pramipexole enhances Bcl-x1 expression in mesencephalic cultures. Mov Disord 2000;15(suppl 3):17 (Abstract).
103. Soussis LA, Mytilineou C, Olanow CW, Sealfon S. Pattern of gene induction by dopamine agonists in rat midbrain cultures studied by microarray analysis. Soc Neurosci Abst 1999;25: 331.
104. 3 agonist actions of pramipexole mediate its neuroprotective actions in mesencephalic cultures. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;289:202-210.
105. 2-type agonists protect mesencephalic neurons from glutamate neurotoxicity: mechanisms of neuroprotective treatment against oxidative stress. Ann Neurol 1998;44:110-119.
106. 2 receptors. Exp Neurol 1999;159: 98-104.
107. Dennis J, Khan SM, Cassarino DS, et al. Inhibition of cell death pathways by S(-) and R(+) pramipexole in pharmacological models of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1999;29:539.
108. Schapira AHV. Science, medicine, and the future: Parkinson's disease. Br Med J 1999;318:311-314.
109. Parkinson's Study Group. Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. N Eng J Med 1993;328:176-183.
110. Olanow CW, Hauser RA, Gauger L, et al. The effect of deprenyl and levodopa on the progression of signs and symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1995;38:771-777.
111. Brooks D. Imaging end points for monitoring neuroprotection in PD. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S110-S119.
112. Marek K, Jenning D, Seibyl J. Dopamine agonists and Parkinson's disease progression: what can we learn from neuroimaging studies. Ann Neurol 2003;53(suppl 3):S160-S169.
113. Parkinson Study Group. Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole vs levodopa on Parkinson disease progression. JAMA 2002;287:1653-1661.
114. Whone AL, Remy P, Davis MR, et al. The REAL-PET study: slower progression in early Parkinson's disease treated with ropinirole compared with L-dopa. Neurology 2002;58:82-83.