Are phonological effects fragile? The effects of luminance and exposure duration on from priming and phonological priming

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 346-378

  Frost, Ram ^a   Ahissar, Merav ^a   Gotesman, Riki ^a   Tayeb, Sarah ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037294058     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0749-596X(02)00510-7     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Berent, I. (1993). The role of assembled phonology in English visual word recognition: Towards a nonlinear model of assembly. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
2. Berent, I., & Perfetti, C. A. (1995). Roses are reezes: The two cycles of phonological assembly in English. Psychological Review, 102, 146-184.
3. Berent, I., & van Orden, G. C. (1996). Can we unmask the phonemic masking effect? The problem of methodological divergence. In G. Cottrell (Ed.), Proceedings of the 18th annual conference of the cognitive science society (pp. 495-500). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
4. Brysbaert, M. (2001). Prelexical phonological coding of visual words in Dutch: Automatic after all. Memory & Cognition.
5. Brysbaert, M., & Praet, C. (1992). Reading isolated words: No evidence for automatic incorporation of the phonetic code. Psychological Research, 54, 91-102.
6. Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Academic Press: New York.
7. Colombo, L. (2000). The assembly of phonology in Italian and English: Consonants and vowels. In A. Kennedy, R. Radach, D. Heller, & J. Pynte (Eds.), Reading as a perceptual process. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
8. Coltheart, M., Rastle, K., Perry, C., Langdon, R., & Zeigler, J. D. R. C. (2001). A dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychological Review, 108, 204-256.
9. Davis, C., Castles, A., & Lakovidis, E. (1998). Masked homophone and pseudohomophone priming in children and adults. Language and Cognitive Processes, 13, 625-651.
10. Evett, L. J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1981). The use of abstract graphemic information in lexical access. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 33A, 325-350.
11. Ferrand, L., & Grainger, J. (1992). Phonology and orthography in visual word recognition: Evidence from masked nonword priming. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 45A, 353-372.
12. Ferrand, L., & Grainger, J. (1993). The time course of orthographic and phonological code activation in early phases of visual word recognition. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31, 119-122.
13. Ferrand, L., & Grainger, J. (1994). Effects of orthography are independent of phonology in masked form priming. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47A, 365-382.
14. Forster, K. I. (1987). Form-priming with masked primes: The best-match hypothesis. In M. Coltheart (Ed.), Attention & performance XII (pp. 127-146). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
15. Forster, K. I. (1998). The pros and cons of masked priming. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 27, 203-233.
16. Forster, K. I., & Azuma, T. (2000). Masked priming for prefixed words with bound stems: Does submit prime permit? Language and Cognitive Processes, 15, 539-562.
17. Forster, K. I., & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 680-698.
18. Forster, K. I., Davis, C., Schoknecht, C., & Carter, A. (1987). Masked priming with graphemically related forms. Repetition or partial activation? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 1-25.
19. Forster, K. I., & Mahoney, C. (unpublished manuscript). Phonological priming with masked primes: Does klip prime CLIP? unpublished manuscript.
20. Frost, R. (1995). Phonological computation and missing vowels: Mapping lexical involvement in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 398-408.
21. Frost, R. (1998). Towards a strong phonological theory of visual word recognition: True issues and false trails. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 71-99.
22. Frost, R., Katz, L., & Bentin, S. (1987). Strategies for visual word recognition and orthographical depth: A multilingual comparison. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 13, 104-115.
23. Frost, R., Forster, K. I., & Deutsch, A. (1997). What can we learn from the morphology of Hebrew: A masked priming investigation of morphological representation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 829-856.
24. Frost, R., & Yogev, O. (2001). Orthographic and phonological computation in visual word recognition: Evidence from backward masking in Hebrew. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 524-530.
25. Frost, R., Kugler, T., Deutsch, A., & Forster, K. (2001). Orthographic structure versus morphological. structure. Principles of lexical organization in a given language. Paper presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Orlando, November, 2001.
26. Grainger, J., & Ferrand, L. (1996). Masked orthographic and phonological priming in visual word recognition and naming: Cross-task comparisons. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 623-647.
27. Grainger, J., & Jacobs, A. M. (1991). Masked constituent letter priming in an alphabetic decision task. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 3, 413-434.
28. Gronau, N., & Frost, R. (1997). Prelexical phonologic computation in a deep orthography: Evidence from backward masking in Hebrew. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4, 107-112.
29. Hood, D. C., & Finkelstein, M. A. (1986). Sensitivity to light. In K. Boff, L. Kaufman, & J. Thomas (Eds.), Handbook of perception and human performance (Vol. 1, pp. 5.1-5.66). New York: Wiley-Interscience.
30. Humphreys, G. W., Evett, L. J., & Taylor, D. E. (1982). Automatic phonological priming in visual word recognition. Memory & Cognition, 10, 576-590.
31. Humphreys, G. W., Evett, L. J., & Quinlan, P. T. (1990). Orthographic processing in visual word recognition. Cognitive Psychology, 22, 517-560.
32. Jacobs, A. M., Grainger, J., & Ferrand, L. (1995). The incremental priming technique: A method for determining within-condition priming effects. Perception & Psychophysics, 1101-1110.
33. Katz, L., & Frost, R. (1992). Reading in different orthographies: The orthographic depth hypothesis. In R. Frost & L. Katz (Eds.), Orthography, phonology, morphology, and meaning (pp. 67-84). North-Holland: Elsevier.
34. Kinsbourne, M., & Warrington, E. K. (1962a). The effect of an after coming pattern on the perception of a brief visual stimuli. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 223-224.
35. Kinsbourne, M., & Warrington, E. K. (1962b). Further studies on the masking of brief visual stimuli by a random pattern. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 235-245.
36. Lukatela, G., Eaton, T., Lee, C., & Turvey, M. T. (2001). Does visual word identification involve a sub-phonemic level? Cognition, 78, B41-1352.
37. Lukatela, G., Frost, S., & Turvey, M. T. (1998). Phonological priming by masked nonword primes in the lexical decision task. Journal of Memory and Language, 39, 666-683.
38. Lukatela, G., & Turvey, M. T. (1994a). Visual access is initially phonological: 1. Evidence from associative priming by words, homophones, and pseudohomophones. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 107-128.
39. Lukatela, G., & Turvey, M. T. (1994b). Visual access is initially phonological: 2. Evidence from associative priming by homophones and pseudohomophones. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 331-353.
40. Lukatela, G., & Turvey, M, T. (2000a). Do spelling variations affect associative and phonological priming by pseudohomophones? Perception & Psychophysics, 62, 196-217.
41. Lukatela, G., & Turvey, M. T. (2000b). An evaluation of the two-cycles model of phonology assembly. Journal of Memory and Language, 42, 183-207.
42. Michaels, C. F., & Turvey, M. T. (1979). Central sources of visual masking: Indexing structures supporting seeing at a single brief glance. Psychological Research, 41, 1-61.
43. Perfetti, C. A., Bell, L. C., & Delaney, S. M. (1988). Automatic (prelexical) phonetic activation in silent word reading: Evidence from backward masking. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 59-70.
44. Perfetti, C. A., & Bell, L. C. (1991). Phonemic activation during the first 40 ms of word identification: Evidence from backward masking and masked priming. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 473-485.
45. Perfetti, C. A., Zhang, S., & Berent, I. (1992). Reading in English and Chinese: Evidence for a universal phonological principle. In R. Frost & L. Katz (Eds.), Orthography, phonology, morphology, and meaning (pp. 227-248). North-Holland: Elsevier.
46. Rastle, K., & Coltheart, M. (1998). Whammy and double whammy: The effect of length on nonword reading. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5, 277-282.
47. Shen, D., & Forster, K. I. (1999). Masked phonological priming in reading Chinese words depends on the task. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14, 429-460.
48. Stone, G. O., & van Orden, G. C. (1994). Building a resonance framework for word recognition using design and system principles. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 1248-1268.
49. Turvey, M. T. (1973). On peripheral and central processes in vision: Inferences from an information-processing analysis of masking with patterned stimuli. Psychological Review, 80, 1-52.
50. van Orden, G. C., & Goldinger, S. D. (1994). The interdependence of form and function in cognitive systems explains perception of printed words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 1269-1291.
51. van Orden, G. C., Pennington, B. F., & Stone, G. O. (1990). Word identification in reading and the promise of subsymbolic psycholinguistics. Psychological Review, 97, 488-522.
52. Verstaen, A., Humphreys, G. W., Olson, A., & d'Ydewalle, G. (1995). Are phonemic effects in backward masking evidence for automatic prelexical phonemic activation in visual word recognition? Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 335-356.
53. Xu, P., & Perfetti, C. A. (1999). Nonstrategic subjective treshold effects in phonemic masking. Memory & Cognition, 27, 26-36.
54. Zorzi, M., Houghton, G., & Butterworth, B. (1998). Two routes or one in reading aloud. A connectionist dual-process model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1131-1161.