메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 53, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 309-315

Leflunomide: A novel drug for pharmacological immunomodulation;Leflunomid - Ein neues medikament zur pharmakologischen immunmodulation

Author keywords

Clinical application; Dermatological use; Immunomodulation; Leflunomide; Mechanism of action

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENT; ASCOMYCIN; AZATHIOPRINE; CARMUSTINE; CYCLOSPORIN A; CYTOSTATIC AGENT; DRUG METABOLITE; GLUCOCORTICOID; GOLD DERIVATIVE; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; INDOMETACIN; LEFLUNOMIDE; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PARACETAMOL; PENICILLAMINE; PIMECROLIMUS; PLACEBO; PREDNISOLONE; RAPAMYCIN; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; STEROID; TACROLIMUS; TERIFLUNOMIDE;

EID: 0036944304     PISSN: 00178470     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s001050100287     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (15)

References (40)
  • 1
    • 0012473809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McEvoy GK (ed) American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Bethesda, USA
    • AHFS DRUG Information (2000) Current Developments. Leflunomide [Suppl A]. In: McEvoy GK (ed) American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Bethesda, USA pp 8-15
    • (2000) Current Developments. Leflunomide [Suppl A] , pp. 8-15
  • 2
    • 85012988885 scopus 로고
    • An introduction to leflunomide
    • Bartlett RR (ed), 12 October 1993, Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin
    • Bartlett RR (1995) An introduction to leflunomide. In: Bartlett RR (ed) Leflunomide. Proceedings of the Vienna Symposium, 12 October 1993. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 9-14
    • (1995) Leflunomide. Proceedings of the Vienna Symposium , pp. 9-14
    • Bartlett, R.R.1
  • 3
    • 0012454701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eotaxin levels in peripheral blood are increased in patients with bullous pemphigoid
    • XXVII. Annual Meeting of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Forschung Vienna
    • Blümlein K, Pfeiffer C, Wozel G (2000) Eotaxin levels in peripheral blood are increased in patients with bullous pemphigoid (abstract). XXVII. Annual Meeting of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Forschung Vienna. Arch Dermatol Res 292:145
    • (2000) Arch Dermatol Res , vol.292 , pp. 145
    • Blümlein, K.1    Pfeiffer, C.2    Wozel, G.3
  • 4
    • 0029847123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel mechanism of action of the immunomodulatory drug, leflunomide: Augmentation of the immuno-suppressive cytokine, TGF-β 1, and suppression of the immunostimulatory cytokine, IL-2
    • Cao WW, Kao PN, Aoki Y (1996) A novel mechanism of action of the immunomodulatory drug, leflunomide: augmentation of the immuno-suppressive cytokine, TGF-β 1, and suppression of the immunostimulatory cytokine, IL-2. Transplant Proc 28:3079-3080
    • (1996) Transplant Proc , vol.28 , pp. 3079-3080
    • Cao, W.W.1    Kao, P.N.2    Aoki, Y.3
  • 5
    • 0029904990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating drug, inhibits homotypic adhesion of peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells in rheumatic arthritis
    • Dimitrijevic M, Bartlett RR (1996) Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating drug, inhibits homotypic adhesion of peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells in rheumatic arthritis. Inflamm Res 45:550-556
    • (1996) Inflamm Res , vol.45 , pp. 550-556
    • Dimitrijevic, M.1    Bartlett, R.R.2
  • 6
    • 0031179645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, affects murine T cells through two biochemical mechanisms
    • Elder RT, Xu X, Williams JW, Gong H, Finnegan A, Chong AS (1997) The immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, affects murine T cells through two biochemical mechanisms. J Immunol 159:22-27
    • (1997) J Immunol , vol.159 , pp. 22-27
    • Elder, R.T.1    Xu, X.2    Williams, J.W.3    Gong, H.4    Finnegan, A.5    Chong, A.S.6
  • 7
    • 0031865023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Fox RI (1998) Mechanism of action of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol [Suppl 53]:25:20-26
    • (1998) J Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 20-26
    • Fox, R.I.1
  • 9
    • 0027965998 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of autoimmune responses and inflammatory events by leflunomide in an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis
    • Glant TT, Mikecz K, Brennan F, Negroiu G, Bartlett R (1994) Suppression of autoimmune responses and inflammatory events by leflunomide in an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis. Agents Actions 41:267-270
    • (1994) Agents Actions , vol.41 , pp. 267-270
    • Glant, T.T.1    Mikecz, K.2    Brennan, F.3    Negroiu, G.4    Bartlett, R.5
  • 11
    • 0002752293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide inhibits in vitro and in vivo the activity of COX-2 or iNOS
    • Hamilton LC, Vojnovic I, Bakhle Y (1996) The anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide inhibits in vitro and in vivo the activity of COX-2 or iNOS (abstract). Proc Br Pharmacol Soc 18:51
    • (1996) Proc Br Pharmacol Soc , vol.18 , pp. 51
    • Hamilton, L.C.1    Vojnovic, I.2    Bakhle, Y.3
  • 12
    • 0032773737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, directly inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 in vitro and in vivo in a substrate-specific manner
    • Hamilton LC, Vojnovic I, Wamer TD (1999) A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, directly inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 in vitro and in vivo in a substrate-specific manner. Br J Pharmacol 127:1589-1596
    • (1999) Br J Pharmacol , vol.127 , pp. 1589-1596
    • Hamilton, L.C.1    Vojnovic, I.2    Wamer, T.D.3
  • 14
    • 0012389352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing the course of rheumatoid arthritis
    • Kalden JR (1999) Changing the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol [Suppl 112] 28:1-35
    • (1999) Scand J Rheumatol , vol.28 , pp. 1-35
    • Kalden, J.R.1
  • 15
    • 0012471277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eotaxin production is suppressed by the active metabolite A77 1726 of leflunomide
    • th Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, 9-13 May
    • th Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, 9-13 May, Allergy Band 56: Suppl. 68
    • (2001) Allergy , vol.56
    • Kehrer, T.1    Blümlein, K.2    Wozel, G.3
  • 17
    • 0344653661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species-related inhibition of human and rat dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by immunosuppressive isoxazol and cinchonic acid derivatives
    • Knecht W, Löffler M (1998) Species-related inhibition of human and rat dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by immunosuppressive isoxazol and cinchonic acid derivatives. Biochem Pharmacol 56:1259-1264
    • (1998) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.56 , pp. 1259-1264
    • Knecht, W.1    Löffler, M.2
  • 18
    • 0033947789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of neutrophil migration soon after initiation of treatment wih leflunomide or methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: Findings in a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial in fifteen patients
    • Kraan MC, de Koster BM, Elferink JG, Post WJ, Breedveld FC, Tak PP (2000) Inhibition of neutrophil migration soon after initiation of treatment wih leflunomide or methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: findings in a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial in fifteen patients. Arthritis Rheum 43:1488-1495
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1488-1495
    • Kraan, M.C.1    De Koster, B.M.2    Elferink, J.G.3    Post, W.J.4    Breedveld, F.C.5    Tak, P.P.6
  • 19
    • 0000028735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The combination of leflunomide (LEF) and methotrexate (MTX) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are failing on MTX treatment alone: A double-blind placebo (PLC) controlled study
    • Kremer JM, Caldwell JR, Cannon GW, Genovese M, Cush JJ, Bathon J, Coleman JC (2000) The combination of leflunomide (LEF) and methotrexate (MTX) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are failing on MTX treatment alone: a double-blind placebo (PLC) controlled study. Arthritis Rheum [Suppl 9] 43:224
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 224
    • Kremer, J.M.1    Caldwell, J.R.2    Cannon, G.W.3    Genovese, M.4    Cush, J.J.5    Bathon, J.6    Coleman, J.C.7
  • 20
    • 0029025918 scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide: An active anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative agent in models of dermatologic disease
    • Kurtz ES, Bailey SC, Arshad F, Lee AA, Przekop PA (1995) Leflunomide: An active anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative agent in models of dermatologic disease. Inflamm Res [Suppl 2] 44:187-188
    • (1995) Inflamm Res , vol.44 , pp. 187-188
    • Kurtz, E.S.1    Bailey, S.C.2    Arshad, F.3    Lee, A.A.4    Przekop, P.A.5
  • 21
    • 0034650342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structures of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in complex wiith antiproliferative agents
    • Liu S, Neidhardt EA, Grossman TH, Ocain T, Clardy J (2000) Structures of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in complex wiith antiproliferative agents. Structure Fold Des 8:25-33
    • (2000) Structure Fold Des , vol.8 , pp. 25-33
    • Liu, S.1    Neidhardt, E.A.2    Grossman, T.H.3    Ocain, T.4    Clardy, J.5
  • 22
    • 0034670031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide inhibits TNF-induced cellular responses: Effects on NFKB, activator protein-1, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and apoptosis
    • Manna SK Mukhopadhyay A, Aggarwal BB (2000) Leflunomide inhibits TNF-induced cellular responses: effects on NFKB, activator protein-1, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and apoptosis. J Immunol 165:5962-5969
    • (2000) J Immunol , vol.165 , pp. 5962-5969
    • Manna, S.K.1    Mukhopadhyay, A.2    Aggarwal, B.B.3
  • 23
    • 0028792355 scopus 로고
    • Safety and effectiveness of leflunomide in the treatment of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
    • Mladenovic V, Domljan Z, Rozman B et al. (1995) Safety and effectiveness of leflunomide in the treatment of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 38:1595-1603
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 1595-1603
    • Mladenovic, V.1    Domljan, Z.2    Rozman, B.3
  • 24
    • 0029838039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiproliferative effect of leflunomide on vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro is mediated by selective inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis
    • Nair RV, Cao W, Morris RE (1996) The antiproliferative effect of leflunomide on vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro is mediated by selective inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis. Transplant Proc 28:3081
    • (1996) Transplant Proc , vol.28 , pp. 3081
    • Nair, R.V.1    Cao, W.2    Morris, R.E.3
  • 25
    • 0033769904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bullous pemphigoid treated with leflunomide. A novel immunomodulatory agent
    • Nousari, HC, Anhalt GJ (2000) Bullous pemphigoid treated with leflunomide. A novel immunomodulatory agent. Arch Dermatol 136:1204-1205
    • (2000) Arch Dermatol , vol.136 , pp. 1204-1205
    • Nousari, H.C.1    Anhalt, G.J.2
  • 26
    • 0029117648 scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide: A potential new disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug
    • Parnham MJ (1995) Leflunomide: a potential new disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug. Exp Opin Invest Drugs 4:777-779
    • (1995) Exp Opin Invest Drugs , vol.4 , pp. 777-779
    • Parnham, M.J.1
  • 27
    • 0023025053 scopus 로고
    • Disease modifying activity of HWA 486 on the development of SLE in MRL/1-mice
    • Popovic S, Bartlett R (1986) Disease modifying activity of HWA 486 on the development of SLE in MRL/1-mice. Agents Actions 19:313-314
    • (1986) Agents Actions , vol.19 , pp. 313-314
    • Popovic, S.1    Bartlett, R.2
  • 28
    • 0012471279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eotaxin and IL-5 are associated with an intense infiltrate of activated eosinophils in Herpes gestationis (HG)
    • XXVIII Annual Meeting of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Forschung, München 15-17. Februar
    • Poppe C, Wozel G, Pfeiffer C (2001) Eotaxin and IL-5 are associated with an intense infiltrate of activated eosinophils in Herpes gestationis (HG) (abstract). XXVIII Annual Meeting of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Forschung, München 15-17. Februar. Arch Dermatol Res 293:71
    • (2001) Arch Dermatol Res , vol.293 , pp. 71
    • Poppe, C.1    Wozel, G.2    Pfeiffer, C.3
  • 29
    • 0028171228 scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide: Inhibition of S-antigen induced autoimmune uveitis in Lewis rats
    • Robertson SM, Lang LS (1994) Leflunomide: inhibition of S-antigen induced autoimmune uveitis in Lewis rats. Agents Actions 42:167-172
    • (1994) Agents Actions , vol.42 , pp. 167-172
    • Robertson, S.M.1    Lang, L.S.2
  • 33
    • 0033053835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of leflunomide compared with placebo and sulphasalazine in active rheumatoid arthritis: A double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial
    • Smolen JS, Kalden JR, Scott DL et al. (1999) Efficacy and safety of leflunomide compared with placebo and sulphasalazine in active rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 353:259-266
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 259-266
    • Smolen, J.S.1    Kalden, J.R.2    Scott, D.L.3
  • 34
    • 0033596065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide compared to placebo and methotrexate
    • Strand V, Cohen S, Schiff M, Weaver A et al. (1999) Treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide compared to placebo and methotrexate. Arch Intern Med 159:2542-2550
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 2542-2550
    • Strand, V.1    Cohen, S.2    Schiff, M.3    Weaver, A.4
  • 36
    • 0030020362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulation of rat antigen-induced arthritis by leflunomide alone and in combination with cyclospotin A
    • Thoss K, Henzgen S, Petrow PK, Katenkamp D, Bräuer R (1996) Immunomodulation of rat antigen-induced arthritis by leflunomide alone and in combination with cyclospotin A. Inflamm Res 45:103-107
    • (1996) Inflamm Res , vol.45 , pp. 103-107
    • Thoss, K.1    Henzgen, S.2    Petrow, P.K.3    Katenkamp, D.4    Bräuer, R.5
  • 37
    • 0001602537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leflunomide plus methotrexate in refractory rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study
    • Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Coblyn JS et al. (1997) Leflunomide plus methotrexate in refractory rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study (abstract). Arthritis Rheum [Suppl 9] 40:193
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 193
    • Weinblatt, M.E.1    Kremer, J.M.2    Coblyn, J.S.3
  • 38
    • 0033509841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of combination treatment with methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
    • Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Coblyn JS et al. (1999) Pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy of combination treatment with methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 42:1322-1328
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 1322-1328
    • Weinblatt, M.E.1    Kremer, J.M.2    Coblyn, J.S.3
  • 40
    • 0030014489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two activities of the immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726. Inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphorylation
    • Xu X, Williams JW, Gong H, Finnegan A, Chong AS (1996) Two activities of the immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726. Inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Biochem Pharmacol 52:527-534
    • (1996) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 527-534
    • Xu, X.1    Williams, J.W.2    Gong, H.3    Finnegan, A.4    Chong, A.S.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.