메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 17, 2002, Pages 1281-1290

Among 46 near full length HIV type 1 genome sequences from Rakai District, Uganda, subtype D and AD recombinants predominate

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA;

EID: 0036941595     PISSN: 08892229     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/088922202320886325     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 0001325020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 nomenclature proposal: A reference guide to HIV-1 classification
    • (Kuiken C, Foley B, Hahn B, et al., eds.). Theorectical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamo National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
    • Robertson DL, Anderson JP, Bradac JA, et al.: HIV-1 nomenclature proposal: A reference guide to HIV-1 classification. In: Human Retroviruses and AIDS 1999: A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences (Kuiken C, Foley B, Hahn B, et al., eds.). Theorectical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamo National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 1999, pp. 492-505.
    • (1999) Human Retroviruses and AIDS 1999: A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences , pp. 492-505
    • Robertson, D.L.1    Anderson, J.P.2    Bradac, J.A.3
  • 2
    • 0002583297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Diversity in HIV
    • (Crandall KA, ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD
    • McCutchan FE: Global Diversity in HIV. In: The Evolution of HIV (Crandall KA, ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1999, pp. 41-101.
    • (1999) The Evolution of HIV , pp. 41-101
    • McCutchan, F.E.1
  • 3
    • 0033769416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of HIV-1: The moving target
    • Peeters M and Sharp PM: Genetic diversity of HIV-1: The moving target. AIDS 2000;14:S129-140.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14
    • Peeters, M.1    Sharp, P.M.2
  • 4
    • 0033773876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the genetic diversity of HIV-1
    • McCutchan FE: Understanding the genetic diversity of HIV-1. AIDS 2000;14:S31-44.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14
    • McCutchan, F.E.1
  • 7
    • 0035953538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus. Phylogeny and the origin of HIV-1
    • Rambaut A, Robertson DL, Pybus OG, Peeters M, and Holmes EC: Human immunodeficiency virus. Phylogeny and the origin of HIV-1. Nature 2001;410:1047-1048.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 1047-1048
    • Rambaut, A.1    Robertson, D.L.2    Pybus, O.G.3    Peeters, M.4    Holmes, E.C.5
  • 8
    • 0033521911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes
    • Gao F, Bailes E, Robertson DL, et al.: Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes. Nature 1999;397:436-441.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.397 , pp. 436-441
    • Gao, F.1    Bailes, E.2    Robertson, D.L.3
  • 9
    • 0034723385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AIDS as a zoonosis: Scientific and public health implications
    • Hahn BH, Shaw GM, De Cock KM, and Sharp PM: AIDS as a zoonosis: Scientific and public health implications. Science 2000;287:607-614.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 607-614
    • Hahn, B.H.1    Shaw, G.M.2    De Cock, K.M.3    Sharp, P.M.4
  • 10
    • 0029840629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full-length sequence and mosaic structure of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate from Thailand
    • Carr JK, Salminen MO, Koch C, et al.: Full-length sequence and mosaic structure of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate from Thailand. J Virol 1996;70:5935-5943.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 5935-5943
    • Carr, J.K.1    Salminen, M.O.2    Koch, C.3
  • 11
    • 9544220664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin
    • Gao F, Robertson DL, Morrison SG, et al.: The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin. J Virol 1996;70:7013-7029.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 7013-7029
    • Gao, F.1    Robertson, D.L.2    Morrison, S.G.3
  • 12
    • 0034625771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains
    • Korber B, Muldoon M, Theiler J, et al.: Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains. Science 2000;288:1789-1796.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1789-1796
    • Korber, B.1    Muldoon, M.2    Theiler, J.3
  • 13
    • 0029974221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of the envelope glycoprotein among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade E from Asia and Africa
    • McCutchan FE, Artenstein AW, Sanders-Buell E, et al.: Diversity of the envelope glycoprotein among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade E from Asia and Africa. J Virol 1996;70:3331-3338.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 3331-3338
    • McCutchan, F.E.1    Artenstein, A.W.2    Sanders-Buell, E.3
  • 14
    • 0036176083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins of human virus diversity
    • Sharp PM: Origins of human virus diversity. Cell 2002;108:305-312.
    • (2002) Cell , vol.108 , pp. 305-312
    • Sharp, P.M.1
  • 15
    • 0030935398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human monoclonal antibody IgG1b12 neutralizes diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates
    • Kessler JA, 2nd, McKenna PM, Emini EA, et al.: Recombinant human monoclonal antibody IgG1b12 neutralizes diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997;13:575-582.
    • (1997) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.13 , pp. 575-582
    • Kessler J.A. II1    McKenna, P.M.2    Emini, E.A.3
  • 16
    • 0034978733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic subtypes, humoral immunity, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine development
    • Moore JP, Parren PW, and Burton DR: Genetic subtypes, humoral immunity, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine development. J Virol 2001;75:5721-5729.
    • (2001) J Virol , vol.75 , pp. 5721-5729
    • Moore, J.P.1    Parren, P.W.2    Burton, D.R.3
  • 17
    • 0031763875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation of HIV type 1: Relevance of interclade variation to vaccine development
    • van der Groen G, Nyambi PN, Beirnaert E, et al.: Genetic variation of HIV type 1: Relevance of interclade variation to vaccine development. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1998;14(Suppl. 3):S211-221.
    • (1998) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Van der Groen, G.1    Nyambi, P.N.2    Beirnaert, E.3
  • 18
    • 0031037693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clade B-based HIV-1 vaccines elicit cross-clade cytotoxic T lymphocyte reactivities in uninfected volunteers
    • Ferrari G, Humphrey W, McElrath MJ, et al.: Clade B-based HIV-1 vaccines elicit cross-clade cytotoxic T lymphocyte reactivities in uninfected volunteers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1396-1401.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 1396-1401
    • Ferrari, G.1    Humphrey, W.2    McElrath, M.J.3
  • 19
    • 0033791350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular immunity to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) clades: Relevance to HIV-1 vaccine trials in Uganda
    • Cao H, Mani I, Vincent R, et al.: Cellular immunity to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) clades: Relevance to HIV-1 vaccine trials in Uganda. J Infect Dis 2000;182:1350-1356.
    • (2000) J Infect Dis , vol.182 , pp. 1350-1356
    • Cao, H.1    Mani, I.2    Vincent, R.3
  • 20
    • 0030846020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cross-reactivity among different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clades: Implications for vaccine development
    • Cao H, Kanki P, Sankale JL, et al.: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cross-reactivity among different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clades: Implications for vaccine development. J Virol 1997;71:8615-8623.
    • (1997) J Virol , vol.71 , pp. 8615-8623
    • Cao, H.1    Kanki, P.2    Sankale, J.L.3
  • 21
    • 0034692516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of highly conserved and broadly cross-reactive HIV type 1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes as candidate immunogens for inclusion in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vectored HIV vaccines
    • Ferrari G, Kostyu DD, Cox J, et al.: Identification of highly conserved and broadly cross-reactive HIV type 1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes as candidate immunogens for inclusion in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vectored HIV vaccines. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1433-1443.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 1433-1443
    • Ferrari, G.1    Kostyu, D.D.2    Cox, J.3
  • 22
    • 0027967560 scopus 로고
    • HIV type 1 variation in World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: Genetic screening, sequence analysis, and preliminary biological characterization of selected viral strains
    • WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization
    • HIV type 1 variation in World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: Genetic screening, sequence analysis, and preliminary biological characterization of selected viral strains. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10:1327-1343.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , pp. 1327-1343
  • 23
    • 0028029576 scopus 로고
    • Rapid genetic characterization of HIV type 1 strains from four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites using a heteroduplex mobility assay
    • WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization
    • Bachmann MH, Delwart EL, Shpaer EG, Lingenfelter P, Singal R, and Mullins JI: Rapid genetic characterization of HIV type 1 strains from four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites using a heteroduplex mobility assay. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10:1345-1353.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , pp. 1345-1353
    • Bachmann, M.H.1    Delwart, E.L.2    Shpaer, E.G.3    Lingenfelter, P.4    Singal, R.5    Mullins, J.I.6
  • 24
    • 0034632807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of diverse HIV type 1 subtypes and dual HIV type 1 infection in pregnant Ugandan women
    • Becker-Pergola G, Mellquist JL, Guay L, et al.: Identification of diverse HIV type 1 subtypes and dual HIV type 1 infection in pregnant Ugandan women. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:1099-1104.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 1099-1104
    • Becker-Pergola, G.1    Mellquist, J.L.2    Guay, L.3
  • 25
    • 0030779694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serologic and phylogenetic characterization of HIV-1 subtypes in Uganda
    • Brennan CA, Lund JK, Golden A, et al.: Serologic and phylogenetic characterization of HIV-1 subtypes in Uganda. AIDS 1997;11:1823-1832.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , pp. 1823-1832
    • Brennan, C.A.1    Lund, J.K.2    Golden, A.3
  • 26
    • 0027985211 scopus 로고
    • Presence of multiple genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses in Uganda
    • Bruce C, Clegg C, Featherstone A, et al.: Presence of multiple genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses in Uganda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10:1543-1550.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , pp. 1543-1550
    • Bruce, C.1    Clegg, C.2    Featherstone, A.3
  • 27
    • 0030067105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An efficient method for the rescue and analysis of functional HIV-1 env genes: Evidence for recombination in the vicinity of the tat/rev splice site
    • Douglas NW, Knight AI, Hayhurst A, Barrett WY, Kevany M J, and Daniels RS: An efficient method for the rescue and analysis of functional HIV-1 env genes: Evidence for recombination in the vicinity of the tat/rev splice site. AIDS 1996;10:39-46.
    • (1996) AIDS , vol.10 , pp. 39-46
    • Douglas, N.W.1    Knight, A.I.2    Hayhurst, A.3    Barrett, W.Y.4    Kevany, M.J.5    Daniels, R.S.6
  • 28
    • 0034690774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 subtype C from Uganda
    • Downing R, Pieniazek D, Hu DJ, et al.: Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 subtype C from Uganda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:815-819.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 815-819
    • Downing, R.1    Pieniazek, D.2    Hu, D.J.3
  • 29
    • 0034489924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominance of HIV-1 subtype A and D infections in Uganda
    • Hu DJ, Baggs J, Downing RG, et al.: Predominance of HIV-1 subtype A and D infections in Uganda. Emerg Infect Dis 2000;6:609-615.
    • (2000) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.6 , pp. 609-615
    • Hu, D.J.1    Baggs, J.2    Downing, R.G.3
  • 31
    • 0034194147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved algorithm for determining HIV type 1 subtypes in a primary laboratory in Uganda
    • Kaleebu P, Yirrell D, French N, et al.: An improved algorithm for determining HIV type 1 subtypes in a primary laboratory in Uganda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:621-625.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 621-625
    • Kaleebu, P.1    Yirrell, D.2    French, N.3
  • 32
    • 0035895662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between HIV-1 Env subtypes A and D and disease progression in a rural Ugandan cohort
    • Kaleebu P, Ross A, Morgan D, et al.: Relationship between HIV-1 Env subtypes A and D and disease progression in a rural Ugandan cohort. AIDS 2001;15:293-299.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 293-299
    • Kaleebu, P.1    Ross, A.2    Morgan, D.3
  • 33
    • 17644435609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and evaluation of a probe hybridization method for subtyping HIV type 1 infection in Uganda
    • Luo CC, Downing RG, Dela Torre N, et al.: The development and evaluation of a probe hybridization method for subtyping HIV type 1 infection in Uganda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1998;14:691-694.
    • (1998) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.14 , pp. 691-694
    • Luo, C.C.1    Downing, R.G.2    Dela Torre, N.3
  • 34
    • 15644383725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular epidemiologic survey of HIV in Uganda
    • HIV Variant Working Group
    • Rayfield MA, Downing RG, Baggs J, et al.: A molecular epidemiologic survey of HIV in Uganda. HIV Variant Working Group. AIDS 1998;12:521-527.
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , pp. 521-527
    • Rayfield, M.A.1    Downing, R.G.2    Baggs, J.3
  • 35
    • 0028180237 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of Ugandan antisera with peptides encoded by V3 loop epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Smith JD, Bruce CB, Featherstone AS, et al.: Reactions of Ugandan antisera with peptides encoded by V3 loop epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10:577-583.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , pp. 577-583
    • Smith, J.D.1    Bruce, C.B.2    Featherstone, A.S.3
  • 36
    • 0028857932 scopus 로고
    • Heteroduplex mobility assay and phylogenetic analysis of V3 region sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from Gulu, northern Uganda. The Italian-Ugandan Cooperation AIDS Program
    • Buonaguro L, Del Guadio E, Monaco M, et al.: Heteroduplex mobility assay and phylogenetic analysis of V3 region sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from Gulu, northern Uganda. The Italian-Ugandan Cooperation AIDS Program. J Virol 1995;69:7971-7981.
    • (1995) J Virol , vol.69 , pp. 7971-7981
    • Buonaguro, L.1    Del Guadio, E.2    Monaco, M.3
  • 37
    • 0034689240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in a rural community in southwest Uganda
    • Kaleebu P, Whitworth J, Hamilton L, et al.: Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in a rural community in southwest Uganda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000;16:393-401.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 393-401
    • Kaleebu, P.1    Whitworth, J.2    Hamilton, L.3
  • 38
    • 0035209291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of applied biosystems ViroSeq HIV-1 genotyping system for sequence-based analysis of non-subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Uganda
    • Mracna M, Becker-Pergola G, Dileanis J, et al.: Performance of applied biosystems ViroSeq HIV-1 genotyping system for sequence-based analysis of non-subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Uganda. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:4323-4327.
    • (2001) J Clin Microbiol , vol.39 , pp. 4323-4327
    • Mracna, M.1    Becker-Pergola, G.2    Dileanis, J.3
  • 39
    • 0037169219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter- and intra-genic intersubtype HIV-1 recombination in rural and semi-urban Uganda
    • Yirrell DL, Kaleebu P, Morgan D, et al.: Inter- and intra-genic intersubtype HIV-1 recombination in rural and semi-urban Uganda. AIDS 2002;16:279-286.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 279-286
    • Yirrell, D.L.1    Kaleebu, P.2    Morgan, D.3
  • 40
    • 0036257226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Ugandan HIV type 1 variants with unique patterns of recombination in pol involving subtypes A and D
    • Eshleman SH, Gonzales MJ, Becker-Pergola G, et al.: Identification of Ugandan HIV type 1 variants with unique patterns of recombination in pol involving subtypes A and D. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002;18:507-511.
    • (2002) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.18 , pp. 507-511
    • Eshleman, S.H.1    Gonzales, M.J.2    Becker-Pergola, G.3
  • 41
    • 0029795283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes defined by env show high frequency of recombinant gag genes
    • The UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization
    • Cornelissen M, Kampinga G, Zorgdrager F, and Goudsmit J: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes defined by env show high frequency of recombinant gag genes. The UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. J Virol 1996;70:8209-8212.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 8209-8212
    • Cornelissen, M.1    Kampinga, G.2    Zorgdrager, F.3    Goudsmit, J.4
  • 42
    • 0032994454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: A randomised community trial
    • Rakai Project Study Group
    • Wawer MJ, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, et al.: Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: A randomised community trial. Rakai Project Study Group. Lancet 1999;353:525-535.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 525-535
    • Wawer, M.J.1    Sewankambo, N.K.2    Serwadda, D.3
  • 43
    • 0012397949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and expansion of HIV from cells and body fluids by coculture
    • (Michael N and Kim J, eds.). Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
    • Lane JR: Isolation and expansion of HIV from cells and body fluids by coculture. In: Methods in Molecular Medicine, Vol. 17: HIV Protocols (Michael N and Kim J, eds.). Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, 1999, pp. 3-10.
    • (1999) Methods in Molecular Medicine, Vol. 17: HIV Protocols , vol.7 , pp. 3-10
    • Lane, J.R.1
  • 44
    • 0025250615 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of HIV-1 from the blood of seropositive adults: Patient stage of illness and sample inoculum size are major determinants of a positive culture
    • The Walter Reed Retroviral Research Group
    • Burke DS, Fowler AK, Redfield RR, Dilworth S, and ester CN: Isolation of HIV-1 from the blood of seropositive adults: Patient stage of illness and sample inoculum size are major determinants of a positive culture. The Walter Reed Retroviral Research Group. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990;3:1159-1167.
    • (1990) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.3 , pp. 1159-1167
    • Burke, D.S.1    Fowler, A.K.2    Redfield, R.R.3    Dilworth, S.4    Oster, C.N.5
  • 45
    • 0028885704 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of virtually full-length HIV-1 provirus of diverse subtypes from primary virus cultures using the polymerase chain reaction
    • Salminen MO, Koch C, Sanders-Buell E, et al.: Recovery of virtually full-length HIV-1 provirus of diverse subtypes from primary virus cultures using the polymerase chain reaction. Virology 1995;213:80-86.
    • (1995) Virology , vol.213 , pp. 80-86
    • Salminen, M.O.1    Koch, C.2    Sanders-Buell, E.3
  • 46
    • 0032736151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of subtype A HIV-1 from Africa by full genome sequencing
    • Carr JK, Laukkanen T, Salminen MO, et al.: Characterization of subtype A HIV-1 from Africa by full genome sequencing. AIDS 1999;13:1819-1826.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1819-1826
    • Carr, J.K.1    Laukkanen, T.2    Salminen, M.O.3
  • 47
    • 0034610249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction and biological characterization of infectious molecular clones of HIV-1 subtypes B and E (CRF01_AE) generated by the polymerase chain reaction
    • Salminen MO, Ehrenberg PK, Mascola JR, et al.: Construction and biological characterization of infectious molecular clones of HIV-1 subtypes B and E (CRF01_AE) generated by the polymerase chain reaction. Virology 2000;278:103-110.
    • (2000) Virology , vol.278 , pp. 103-110
    • Salminen, M.O.1    Ehrenberg, P.K.2    Mascola, J.R.3
  • 49
    • 0028793170 scopus 로고
    • Identification of breakpoints in intergenotypic recombinants of HIV type 1 by bootscanning
    • Salminen MO, Carr JK, Burke DS, and McCutchan FE: Identification of breakpoints in intergenotypic recombinants of HIV type 1 by bootscanning. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1995;11:1423-1425.
    • (1995) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.11 , pp. 1423-1425
    • Salminen, M.O.1    Carr, J.K.2    Burke, D.S.3    McCutchan, F.E.4
  • 50
    • 0012437220 scopus 로고
    • Ribosomal DNA Database Project, University of Illinois Board of Trustees, Urbana, IL
    • Maciukenas S: Treetool, 2.0.2. Ribosomal DNA Database Project, University of Illinois Board of Trustees, Urbana, IL, 1994.
    • (1994) Treetool, 2.0.2
    • Maciukenas, S.1
  • 51
    • 12044253190 scopus 로고
    • An empirical test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic trees
    • Hillis D and Bull J: An empirical test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic trees. Syst Biol 1993;42:182-192.
    • (1993) Syst Biol , vol.42 , pp. 182-192
    • Hillis, D.1    Bull, J.2
  • 52
    • 0001987131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference sequences representing the principal genetic diversity of HIV-1 in the pandemic
    • (Korber B, Kuiken C, Foley B, et al., eds.). Theorectical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamo National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
    • Carr JK, Foley B, Leitner T, Salminen M, Korber B, and McCutchan F: Reference sequences representing the principal genetic diversity of HIV-1 in the pandemic. In: Human Retroviruses and AIDS 1998: A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences (Korber B, Kuiken C, Foley B, et al., eds.). Theorectical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamo National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 1998, pp. III10-III19.
    • (1998) Human Retroviruses and AIDS 1998: A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences
    • Carr, J.K.1    Foley, B.2    Leitner, T.3    Salminen, M.4    Korber, B.5    McCutchan, F.6
  • 53
    • 0034124124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting hypermutations in viral sequences with an emphasis on G → A hypermutation
    • Rose PP and Korber BT: Detecting hypermutations in viral sequences with an emphasis on G → A hypermutation. Bioinformatics 2000;16:400-401.
    • (2000) Bioinformatics , vol.16 , pp. 400-401
    • Rose, P.P.1    Korber, B.T.2
  • 54
    • 0034878971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA sequences genetically damaged by hypermutation are often abundant in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and may be generated during near-simultaneous infection and activation of CD4(+) T cells
    • Janini M, Rogers M, Birx DR, and McCutchan FE: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA sequences genetically damaged by hypermutation are often abundant in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and may be generated during near-simultaneous infection and activation of CD4(+) T cells. J Virol 2001;75:7973-7986.
    • (2001) J Virol , vol.75 , pp. 7973-7986
    • Janini, M.1    Rogers, M.2    Birx, D.R.3    McCutchan, F.E.4
  • 55
    • 18644375896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forty-one near full length HIV-1 sequences from Kenya reveal an epidemic of subtype A and A-containing recombinants
    • Dowling W, Kim B, Mason CJ, et al.: Forty-one near full length HIV-1 sequences from Kenya reveal an epidemic of subtype A and A-containing recombinants. AIDS 2002;16:1809-1820.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 1809-1820
    • Dowling, W.1    Kim, B.2    Mason, C.J.3
  • 56
    • 0035903007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High proportion of unrelated HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania
    • Hoelscher M, Kim B, Maboko L, et al.: High proportion of unrelated HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania. AIDS 2001;15:1461-1470.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 1461-1470
    • Hoelscher, M.1    Kim, B.2    Maboko, L.3
  • 57
    • 0029557344 scopus 로고
    • Primary genetic characterization of HIV-1 isolates from WHO-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites by the RNase-A mismatch method
    • Sanchez-Palomino S, Dopazo J, Olivares I, Martin MJ, and Lopez-Galindez C: Primary genetic characterization of HIV-1 isolates from WHO-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites by the RNase-A mismatch method. Virus Res 1995;39:251-259.
    • (1995) Virus Res , vol.39 , pp. 251-259
    • Sanchez-Palomino, S.1    Dopazo, J.2    Olivares, I.3    Martin, M.J.4    Lopez-Galindez, C.5
  • 58
    • 0028917760 scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of the envelope glycoprotein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of African origin
    • Louwagie J, Janssens W, Mascola J, et al.: Genetic diversity of the envelope glycoprotein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of African origin. J Virol 1995;69:263-271.
    • (1995) J Virol , vol.69 , pp. 263-271
    • Louwagie, J.1    Janssens, W.2    Mascola, J.3
  • 59
    • 0035794276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant form from Tanzania
    • Koulinska IN, Ndung'u T, Mwakagile D, et al.: A new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant form from Tanzania. AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses 2001;17:423-431.
    • (2001) AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses , vol.17 , pp. 423-431
    • Koulinska, I.N.1    Ndung'u, T.2    Mwakagile, D.3
  • 60
    • 0027219687 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis of gag genes from 70 international HIV-1 isolates provides evidence for multiple genotypes
    • Louwagie J, McCutchan FE, Peeters M, et al.: Phylogenetic analysis of gag genes from 70 international HIV-1 isolates provides evidence for multiple genotypes. AIDS 1993;7:769-780.
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 769-780
    • Louwagie, J.1    McCutchan, F.E.2    Peeters, M.3
  • 62
    • 0028038231 scopus 로고
    • Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of env subtypes G and H in central Africa
    • Janssens W, Heyndrickx L, Fransen K, et al.: Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of env subtypes G and H in central Africa. AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses 1994;10:877-879.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses , vol.10 , pp. 877-879
    • Janssens, W.1    Heyndrickx, L.2    Fransen, K.3
  • 63
    • 0034689686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtype-specific sequence variation of the HIV type 1 long terminal repeat and primerbinding site
    • De Baar MP, De Ronde A, Berkhout B, et al.: Subtype-specific sequence variation of the HIV type 1 long terminal repeat and primerbinding site. AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses 2000;16:499-504.
    • (2000) AIDS Res Hum Retrovimses , vol.16 , pp. 499-504
    • De Baar, M.P.1    De Ronde, A.2    Berkhout, B.3
  • 64
    • 0026596696 scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of HIV-1 isolates from Zambia and an expanded phylogenetic tree for HIV-1
    • McCutchan FE, Ungar BL, Hegerich P, et al.: Genetic analysis of HIV-1 isolates from Zambia and an expanded phylogenetic tree for HIV-1. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1992;5:441-449.
    • (1992) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.5 , pp. 441-449
    • McCutchan, F.E.1    Ungar, B.L.2    Hegerich, P.3
  • 65
    • 0032789087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of V3 sequence heterogeneity in subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from Malawi: Underrepresentation of X4 variants
    • Ping LH, Nelson JA, Hoffman IF, et al.: Characterization of V3 sequence heterogeneity in subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from Malawi: Underrepresentation of X4 variants. J Virol 1999;73:6271-6281.
    • (1999) J Virol , vol.73 , pp. 6271-6281
    • Ping, L.H.1    Nelson, J.A.2    Hoffman, I.F.3
  • 66
    • 0033557071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of human immunodeficiency type 1 viruses with intersubtype recombinant long terminal repeat sequences
    • Blackard JT, Renjifo BR, Mwakagile D, Montano MA, Fawzi WW, and Essex M: Transmission of human immunodeficiency type 1 viruses with intersubtype recombinant long terminal repeat sequences. Virology 1999;254:220-225.
    • (1999) Virology , vol.254 , pp. 220-225
    • Blackard, J.T.1    Renjifo, B.R.2    Mwakagile, D.3    Montano, M.A.4    Fawzi, W.W.5    Essex, M.6
  • 67
    • 0027176872 scopus 로고
    • Greater diversity of the HIV-1 V3 neutralization domain in Tanzania compared with The Netherlands: Serological and genetic analysis
    • Zwart G, Wolfs TF, Bookelman R, et al.: Greater diversity of the HIV-1 V3 neutralization domain in Tanzania compared with The Netherlands: Serological and genetic analysis. AIDS 1993;7:467-474.
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 467-474
    • Zwart, G.1    Wolfs, T.F.2    Bookelman, R.3
  • 68
    • 0028574378 scopus 로고
    • vpu and env sequence variability of HIV-1 isolates from Tanzania
    • Siwka W, Schwinn A, Baczko K, et al.: vpu and env sequence variability of HIV-1 isolates from Tanzania. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10:1753-1754.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , pp. 1753-1754
    • Siwka, W.1    Schwinn, A.2    Baczko, K.3
  • 69
    • 0034060311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a prototype Amplicor PCR assay for detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in blood samples from Tanzanian adults infected with HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D
    • Lyamuya E, Olausson-Hansson E, Albert J, Mhalu F, and Biberfeld G: Evaluation of a prototype Amplicor PCR assay for detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in blood samples from Tanzanian adults infected with HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D. J Clin Virol 2000;17:57-63.
    • (2000) J Clin Virol , vol.17 , pp. 57-63
    • Lyamuya, E.1    Olausson-Hansson, E.2    Albert, J.3    Mhalu, F.4    Biberfeld, G.5
  • 70
    • 0029791799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in rural northwest Tanzania
    • Robbins KE, Bandea CI, Levin A, et al.: Genetic variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in rural northwest Tanzania. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1996;12:1389-1391.
    • (1996) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.12 , pp. 1389-1391
    • Robbins, K.E.1    Bandea, C.I.2    Levin, A.3
  • 71
    • 0033390709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging recombinant human immunodeficiency viruses: Uneven representation of the envelope V3 region
    • Renjifo B, Gilbert P, Chaplin B, et al.: Emerging recombinant human immunodeficiency viruses: Uneven representation of the envelope V3 region. AIDS 1999;13:1613-1621.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1613-1621
    • Renjifo, B.1    Gilbert, P.2    Chaplin, B.3
  • 73
    • 0034284592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat following mother-to-child transmission
    • Blackard JT, Renjifo B, Chaplin B, Msamanga G, Fawzi W, and Essex M: Diversity of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat following mother-to-child transmission. Virology 2000;274:402-411.
    • (2000) Virology , vol.274 , pp. 402-411
    • Blackard, J.T.1    Renjifo, B.2    Chaplin, B.3    Msamanga, G.4    Fawzi, W.5    Essex, M.6
  • 74
    • 0032551653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes G and A/G inter-subtype recombinants
    • Carr JK, Salminen MO, Albert J, et al.: Full genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes G and A/G inter-subtype recombinants. Virology 1998;247:22-31.
    • (1998) Virology , vol.247 , pp. 22-31
    • Carr, J.K.1    Salminen, M.O.2    Albert, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.