Dehydroepiandrosterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and aldosterone responses to the low-dose (1 μg) ACTH test in subjects with preclinical adrenal autoimmunity

Clinical Endocrinology

Volumn 57, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 677-683

  Laureti, Stefano ^a   Candeloro, Paola ^a   Aglietti, Maria Chiara ^a   Giordano, Roberta ^b   Arvat, Emanuela ^b   Ghigo, Ezio ^b   Santeusanio, Fausto ^a   Falorni, Alberto ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CORTICOTROPIN; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; HYDROCORTISONE; HYDROXYPROGESTERONE; PRASTERONE; INSULIN; LEVOTHYROXINE;

ADDISON DISEASE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CASE CONTROL STUDY; DRUG ADMINISTRATION; ENDOCRINE FUNCTION TEST; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NONPARAMETRIC TEST; AUTOIMMUNITY; BLOOD ANALYSIS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORTICOTROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; CORTICOTROPIN TEST; HASHIMOTO DISEASE; HORMONE DETERMINATION; HORMONE RESPONSE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HYDROCORTISONE BLOOD LEVEL; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; VITILIGO;

17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE; ADDISON DISEASE; ADOLESCENT; ADRENAL CORTEX FUNCTION TESTS; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; ADULT; ALDOSTERONE; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC;

EID: 0036423883     PISSN: 03000664     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2002.01651.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Abdu, T.A.M., Elhadd, T.A., Neary, R. & Clayton, R.N. (1999) Comparison of the low-dose short Synacthen test (1 μg), the conventional dose short Synacthen test (250 μg) and the insulin tolerance test for assessment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with pituitary disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84, 838-843.
2. Ambrosi, B. & Barbetta, L. (1999) The role of the low dose ACTH test in the evaluation of central hypoadrenalism. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 22, 492-495.
3. Arvat, E., Di Vito, L., Laffranco, F., Maccario, M., Baffoni, C., Rossetto, R., Aimaretti, G., Camanni, F. & Ghigo, E. (2000) Stimulatory effect of adrenocorticotropin on cortisol, aldosterone, and dehydroepian-drosterone secretion in normal humans: Doseresponse study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88, 3141-3146.
4. Betterle, C., Volpato, M., Rees-Smith, B., Furmaniak, J., Chen, S., Greggio, N.A., Sanzari, M., Tedesco, F., Pedini, B., Boscaro, M. & Presotto, F. (1997) I: Adrenal cortex and steroid 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies in adult patients with organ-specific autoimmune disease marker of low progression to clinical Addison's disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 82, 932-938.
5. Boscaro, M., Betterle, C., Volpato, M., Fallo, F., Furmaniak, J., Rees Smith, B. & Sonino, N. (1996) Hormonal responses during various phases of autoimmune adrenal failure: No evidence for 21-hydroxylase enzyme activity inhibition in vivo. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 81, 2801-2804.
6. Broide, J., Soferman, R., Kivity, S., Golander, A., Dickstein, G., Spirer, Z. & Weisman, Y. (1995) Low-dose adrenocorticotropin test reveals impaired adrenal function in patients taking inhaled corticosteroid. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80, 1243-1246.
7. Courtney, C.H., McAllister, A.S., McCance, D.R., Bell, P.M., Hadden, D.R., Leslie, H., Sheridan, B. & Atkinson, A.B. (2000) Comparison of one week 0900h serum cortisol, low and standard dose Synacthen tests with 4-6 week insulin hypoglycaemia test after pituitary surgery in assessing HPA axis. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 53, 431-436.
8. Daidoh, H., Morita, H., Mune, T., Murayama, M., Hanafusa, J., Ni H., Shibata, H. & Yasuda, K. (1995) Response of plasma adrenocortical steroids to low dose ACTH in normal subjects. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 43, 311-315.
9. De Bellis, A., Bizzarro, A., Rossi, R., Paglionico, V.A., Criscuolo, T., Lombardi, G. & Bellastella, A. (1993) Remission of subclinical adrenocortical failure in subjects with adrenal autoantibodies. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 76, 1002-1007.
10. Dickstein, G. (1998) The low dose (1 μg) ACTH test: When and how to use it. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 49, 135.
11. Dickstein, G. (2001) Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis testing: Nothing is sacred and caution in interpretation is needed. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 54, 15-16.
12. Dickstein, G., Arad, E. & Schechner, C. (1997a) Low-dose ACTH stimulation test. Endocrinologist, 7, 285-291.
13. Dickstein, G., Schechner, C. & Nicholson, W.E. (1991) Adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: Effects of basal cortisol level, time of day, and suggested new sensitive low dose test. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80, 1243-1246.
14. Dickstein, G., Spigel, D., Arad, E. & Schechner, C. (1997b) One microgram is the lowest ACTH dose to cause maximal cortisol response. There is no diurnal variation of cortisol response to submaximal ACTH stimulation. European Journal of Endocrinology, 137, 172-175.
15. Falorni, A. & Laureti, S. (2000) Adrenal autoimmunity and correlation with adrenal dysfunction. Endocrinologist, 10, 145-154.
16. Falorni, A., Laureti, S., Nikoshkov, A., Picchio, M.L., Hallengren, B., Vandewalle, C.L., Gorus, F.K., Belgian Diabetes Registry, Tortoioli, C., Luthman, H., Brunetti, P. & Santeusanio, F. (1997) 21-Hydroxylase autoantibodies in adult patients with endocrine autoimmune diseases are highly specific for Addison's disease. Clinical Experimental Immunology, 107, 341-346.
17. Falorni, A., Nikoshkov, A., Laureti, S., Grenback, E., Hulting, A.L., Casucci, G., Santeusanio, F., Luthman, H. & Lernmark, Å. (1995) High diagnostic accuracy for idiopathic Addison's disease with a sensitive radiobinding assay for autoantibodies against recombinant human 21-hydroxylase. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80, 2752-2754.
18. Kannisto, S., Korppi, M., Remes, K. & Voutilainen, R. (2000) Adrenal suppression, evaluated by the low dose adrenocorticotropin test, and growth in asthmatic children treated with inhaled steroid. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 85, 652-657.
19. Laureti, S., Arvat, E., Candeloro, P., Di Vito, L., Ghigo, E., Santeusanio, F. & Falorni, A. (2000) Low dose (1 μg) ACTH test in the evaluation of adrenal dysfunction in pre-clinical Addison's disease. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 53, 107-115.
20. Laureti, S., Aubourg, P., Calcinaro, F., Rocchiccioli, F., Casucci, G., Angeletti, G., Brunetti, P., Lernmark, Å., Santeusanio, F. & Falorni, A. (1998a) Etiological diagnosis of primary adrenal insufficiency using an original flowchart of immune and biochemical markers. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 3163-3168.
21. Laureti, S., De Bellis, A., Muccitelli, V.I., Calcinaro, F., Bizzarro, A., Rossi, R., Bellastella, A., Santeusanio, F. & Falorni, A. (1998b) Levels of adrenocortical autoantibodies correlate with the degree of adrenal dysfunction in subjects with preclinical Addison's disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 3507-3511.
22. Maccario, M., Grottoli, S., Di Vito, L., Rossetto, R., Tassone, F., Ganzaroli, C., Oleandri, S.E., Arvat, E. & Ghigo, E. (2000) Adrenal responsiveness to high, low and very low ACTH 1-24 doses in obesity. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 53, 437-444.
23. Mayenknecht, J., Diederich, S., Bahr, V., Plockinger, U. & Oelkers, W. (1998) Comparison of low and high dose corticotropin stimulation test in patients with pituitary disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 1558-1562.
24. Oelkers, W. (1996) Dose-response aspects in the clinical assessment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, and the low-dose adrenocorticotropin test. European Journal of Endocrinology, 137, 27-33.
25. Park, Y.J., Park, K.S., Kim, J.H., Shin, C.S., Kim, S.Y. & Lee, H.K. (1999) Reproducibility of the cortisol response to stimulation with the low dose (1 μg) of ACTH. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 51, 153-158.
26. Patel, L. & Clayton, P.E. (1999) Clinical usefulness of the low dose ACTH test. Journal of Endocrinological Investigations, 22, 401-404.
27. Rasmuson, S., Olsson, T. & Hagg, E. (1996) A low dose ACTH test to assess the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 44, 151-156.
28. Soule, S., van Zyl Smit, C., Parolis, G., Attenborough, S., Peter, D., Kinvig, S., Kinvig, T. & Coetzer, E. (2000) The low ACTH stimulation test is less sensitive than the overnight metyrapone test for the diagnosis of secondary hypoadrenalism. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 53, 221-227.
29. Streeten, D.H.P. (1999) Shortcomings in the low-dose (1 μg) ACTH test for the diagnosis of ACTH deficiency states. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84, 835-837.
30. Streeten, D.H.P., Anderson, G.H. & Bonaventura, M.M. (1996) The potential for serious consequences from misinterpreting normal responses to the rapid adrenocorticotropin test. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 81, 285-290.
31. Thaler, L.M. & Blevins, L.S. (1998) The low dose (1 μg) adrenocorticotropin stimulation test in the evaluation of patients with suspected central adrenal insufficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 2726-2729.
32. Tordjman, K., Jaffe, A., Grazas, N., Apter, C. & Stern, N. (1995) The role of the low dose (1 μg) adrenocorticotropin test in the evaluation of patients with pituitary diseases. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 80, 1301-1305.
33. Tordjman, K., Jaffe, A., Trostametsky, Y., Greenman, Y., Limor, R. & Stern, N. (2000) Low dose (1 μg) adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) stimulation as a screening test for impaired hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function: Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in comparison with the high-dose test. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford), 52, 633-640.
34. Weintrob, N., Sprecher, E., Josefsberg, Z., Weininger, C., Aurbach-Klipper, Y., Lazard, D., Karp, M. & Pertzelan, A. (1998) Standard and low-dose short adrenocorticotropin test compared with insulin-induced hypoglycemia for assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in children with idiopathic multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83, 88-92.
35. Zarkovic, M., Ciric, J., Stojanovic, M., Penezic, Z., Trbojevic, B., Drezgic, M. & Nesovic, M. (1999) Optimizing the diagnostic criteria for standard (250 μg) and low dose (1 μg) adrenocorticotropin test in the assessment of adrenal function. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84, 3170-3173.