메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 223-260

Assessment of phonological awareness: Review of methods and tools

Author keywords

Assessment; Early reading; Phonological awareness

Indexed keywords


EID: 0036298711     PISSN: 1040726X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1016050412323     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (99)
  • 4
    • 21944438481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dyslexia and the double deficit hypothesis
    • Badian, N. A. (1997). Dyslexia and the double deficit hypothesis. Ann. Dyslexia 47: 69-87.
    • (1997) Ann. Dyslexia , vol.47 , pp. 69-87
    • Badian, N.A.1
  • 5
    • 0000814343 scopus 로고
    • Phoneme segmentation training: Effect on reading readiness
    • Ball, E. W., and Blachman, B. A. (1988). Phoneme segmentation training: Effect on reading readiness. Ann. Dyslexia 38: 208-225.
    • (1988) Ann. Dyslexia , vol.38 , pp. 208-225
    • Ball, E.W.1    Blachman, B.A.2
  • 6
    • 84935638670 scopus 로고
    • Does phoneme awareness training in kindergarten make a difference in early word recognition and developmental spelling?
    • Ball, E. W., and Blachman, B. A. (1991). Does phoneme awareness training in kindergarten make a difference in early word recognition and developmental spelling? Reading Res. Q. 26: 49-66.
    • (1991) Reading Res. Q. , vol.26 , pp. 49-66
    • Ball, E.W.1    Blachman, B.A.2
  • 7
    • 84925910238 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between oral reading rates for letters, words, and simple text in the development of reading achievement
    • Biemiller, A. (1977-78). Relationships between oral reading rates for letters, words, and simple text in the development of reading achievement. Reading Res. Q. 13: 223-252.
    • (1977) Reading Res. Q. , vol.13 , pp. 223-252
    • Biemiller, A.1
  • 8
    • 0001364495 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of rapid naming ability and language analysis skills to kindergarten and first-grade reading achievement
    • Blachman, B. A. (1984). Relationship of rapid naming ability and language analysis skills to kindergarten and first-grade reading achievement. J. Educ. Psychol. 76: 610-622.
    • (1984) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.76 , pp. 610-622
    • Blachman, B.A.1
  • 10
    • 0026145027 scopus 로고
    • Naming speed deficits in reading disability: Multiple measures of a singular process
    • Bowers, P. G., and Swanson, L. B. (1991). Naming speed deficits in reading disability: Multiple measures of a singular process. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 51: 195-219.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Child Psychol. , vol.51 , pp. 195-219
    • Bowers, P.G.1    Swanson, L.B.2
  • 11
    • 0002193261 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical links between naming speed, precise timing mechanisms and orthographic skills in dyslexia
    • Bowers, P. G., and Wolf, M. (1993). Theoretical links between naming speed, precise timing mechanisms and orthographic skills in dyslexia. Reading Writing Interdisciplinary J. 5: 69-85.
    • (1993) Reading Writing Interdisciplinary J. , vol.5 , pp. 69-85
    • Bowers, P.G.1    Wolf, M.2
  • 12
    • 0026903588 scopus 로고
    • A reading-level design study of phonological skills underlying fourth-grade children's word reading difficulties
    • Bowey, J. A., Cain, M. T., and Ryan, S. M. (1992). A reading-level design study of phonological skills underlying fourth-grade children's word reading difficulties. Child Dev. 63: 999-1011.
    • (1992) Child Dev. , vol.63 , pp. 999-1011
    • Bowey, J.A.1    Cain, M.T.2    Ryan, S.M.3
  • 14
    • 21844523798 scopus 로고
    • Training phonological awareness: A study with inner-city children
    • Brady, S., Fowler, A., Stone, B., and Winbury, N. (1994). Training phonological awareness: A study with inner-city children. Ann. Dyslexia 44: 26-59.
    • (1994) Ann. Dyslexia , vol.44 , pp. 26-59
    • Brady, S.1    Fowler, A.2    Stone, B.3    Winbury, N.4
  • 17
    • 0000320394 scopus 로고
    • Effects of instruction on beginning reading skills in children at risk for reading disability
    • Brown, I. S., and Felton, R. C. (1990). Effects of instruction on beginning reading skills in children at risk for reading disability. Reading Writing Interdisciplinary. J. 2: 223-241.
    • (1990) Reading Writing Interdisciplinary. J. , vol.2 , pp. 223-241
    • Brown, I.S.1    Felton, R.C.2
  • 18
    • 0039635695 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children
    • Byrne, B., and Fielding-Barnsley, R. (1991). Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children. J. Educ. Psychol. 83: 451-455.
    • (1991) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.83 , pp. 451-455
    • Byrne, B.1    Fielding-Barnsley, R.2
  • 19
    • 58149205125 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: A 1-year follow-up
    • Byrne, B., and Fielding-Barnsley. A. (1993). Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: A 1-year follow-up. J. Educ. Psychol. 85: 104-111.
    • (1993) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.85 , pp. 104-111
    • Byrne, B.1    Fielding-Barnsley, A.2
  • 20
    • 58149364280 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: A 2- and 3-year follow-up and a new preschool trial
    • Byrne, B., and Fielding-Barnsley, R. (1995). Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: A 2- and 3-year follow-up and a new preschool trial. J. Educ. Psychol. 87: 488-503.
    • (1995) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.87 , pp. 488-503
    • Byrne, B.1    Fielding-Barnsley, R.2
  • 21
    • 0015633665 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic-phonetic skills and reading - Kindergarten through 12th grade
    • Calfee, A. C., Lindamood, P. E., and Lindamood, C. H. (1973). Acoustic-phonetic skills and reading - Kindergarten through 12th grade. J. Educ. Psychol. 64: 293-298.
    • (1973) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.64 , pp. 293-298
    • Calfee, A.C.1    Lindamood, P.E.2    Lindamood, C.H.3
  • 24
    • 38249016733 scopus 로고
    • Explicit versus implicit instruction in phonemic awareness
    • Cunningham, A. E. (1990). Explicit versus implicit instruction in phonemic awareness. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 50: 429-444.
    • (1990) J. Exp. Child Psychol. , vol.50 , pp. 429-444
    • Cunningham, A.E.1
  • 25
    • 0017140877 scopus 로고
    • Rapid automatized naming (R.A.N.): Dyslexia differentiated from other learning disabilities
    • Denckla, M. B., and Rudel, A. G. (1976). Rapid automatized naming (R.A.N.): Dyslexia differentiated from other learning disabilities. Neuropsychologia 14: 471-479.
    • (1976) Neuropsychologia , vol.14 , pp. 471-479
    • Denckla, M.B.1    Rudel, A.G.2
  • 26
    • 0022157301 scopus 로고
    • Curriculum-based measurement: The emerging alternative
    • Deno, S. L. (1985). Curriculum-based measurement: The emerging alternative. Except. Child. 52: 535-542.
    • (1985) Except. Child. , vol.52 , pp. 535-542
    • Deno, S.L.1
  • 27
    • 3843134243 scopus 로고
    • The mnemonic value of orthography among beginning readers
    • Ehri, L. C., and Wilce, L. S. (1979). The mnemonic value of orthography among beginning readers. J. Educ. Psychol. 71: 26-40.
    • (1979) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.71 , pp. 26-40
    • Ehri, L.C.1    Wilce, L.S.2
  • 29
    • 0027692607 scopus 로고
    • Effects of instruction on the decoding skills of children with phonological processing problems
    • Felton, R. H. (1993). Effects of instruction on the decoding skills of children with phonological processing problems. J. Learn. Disabil. 26: 583-589.
    • (1993) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.26 , pp. 583-589
    • Felton, R.H.1
  • 30
    • 84973777243 scopus 로고
    • Paradigmatic distinctions between instructionally relevant measurement models
    • Fuchs, L. S., and Deno, S. L. (1991). Paradigmatic distinctions between instructionally relevant measurement models. Except. Child. 57: 488-500.
    • (1991) Except. Child. , vol.57 , pp. 488-500
    • Fuchs, L.S.1    Deno, S.L.2
  • 31
    • 0033272512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring student progress toward the development of reading competence: A review of three forms of classroom-based assessment
    • Fuchs, L. S., and Fuchs, D. (1999). Monitoring student progress toward the development of reading competence: A review of three forms of classroom-based assessment. Sch. Psychol. Rev. 28: 659-671.
    • (1999) Sch. Psychol. Rev. , vol.28 , pp. 659-671
    • Fuchs, L.S.1    Fuchs, D.2
  • 32
    • 34248814525 scopus 로고
    • Phonological working memory: A critical building block for reading development and vocabulary acquisition?
    • Gathercole, S. E., and Baddeley, A. D. (1993). Phonological working memory: A critical building block for reading development and vocabulary acquisition? Eur J. Psychol. Educ. 8: 259-272.
    • (1993) Eur J. Psychol. Educ. , vol.8 , pp. 259-272
    • Gathercole, S.E.1    Baddeley, A.D.2
  • 33
    • 0001907614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary perspectives on curriculum-based measurement validity
    • Shinn, M. R. (ed.), Guilford Press, New York
    • Good, R. H., and Jefferson, G. (1998). Contemporary perspectives on curriculum-based measurement validity. In Shinn, M. R. (ed.), Advances Applications of Curriculum-Based Measurement, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 61-88.
    • (1998) Advances Applications of Curriculum-Based Measurement , pp. 61-88
    • Good, R.H.1    Jefferson, G.2
  • 34
    • 0030355736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment for instructional decisions: Toward a proactive/prevention model of decision-making for early literacy skills
    • Good, R. H., and Kaminski, R. A. (1996). Assessment for instructional decisions: Toward a proactive/prevention model of decision-making for early literacy skills. Sch. Psychol. Q. 11: 326-336.
    • (1996) Sch. Psychol. Q. , vol.11 , pp. 326-336
    • Good, R.H.1    Kaminski, R.A.2
  • 35
    • 21344480855 scopus 로고
    • Ameliorating early reading failure by integrating the teaching of reading and phonological skills: The phonological linkage hypothesis
    • Hatcher, P. J., Hulme, C., and Ellis, A. W. (1994). Ameliorating early reading failure by integrating the teaching of reading and phonological skills: The phonological linkage hypothesis. Child Dev. 65: 41-57.
    • (1994) Child Dev. , vol.65 , pp. 41-57
    • Hatcher, P.J.1    Hulme, C.2    Ellis, A.W.3
  • 36
    • 0039937796 scopus 로고
    • Reading skill and the role of verbal experience in decoding
    • Hogaboam, T. W., and Perfetti, C. A. (1978). Reading skill and the role of verbal experience in decoding. J. Educ. Psychol. 70: 717-729.
    • (1978) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.70 , pp. 717-729
    • Hogaboam, T.W.1    Perfetti, C.A.2
  • 38
    • 0030534133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a technology for assessing basic early literacy skills
    • Kaminski, R. A., and Good, R. H. (1996). Toward a technology for assessing basic early literacy skills. Sch. Psychol. Rev. 25: 215-227.
    • (1996) Sch. Psychol. Rev. , vol.25 , pp. 215-227
    • Kaminski, R.A.1    Good, R.H.2
  • 39
    • 0001149697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing early literacy skills in a problem-solving model: Dynamic indicators of basic early literacy skills
    • Shinn, M. R. (ed.), Guilford Press, New York
    • Kaminski, R. A., and Good, R. H. (1998). Assessing early literacy skills in a problem-solving model: Dynamic indicators of basic early literacy skills. In Shinn, M. R. (ed.), Advanced Applications of Curriculum-Based Measurement, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 113-142.
    • (1998) Advanced Applications of Curriculum-Based Measurement , pp. 113-142
    • Kaminski, R.A.1    Good, R.H.2
  • 40
    • 84970540930 scopus 로고
    • Phonology and the problems of learning to read and write
    • Liberman, I. Y., and Shankweiler, D. (1985). Phonology and the problems of learning to read and write. Remedial Spec. Educ. 6: 8-17.
    • (1985) Remedial Spec. Educ. , vol.6 , pp. 8-17
    • Liberman, I.Y.1    Shankweiler, D.2
  • 41
    • 0001929871 scopus 로고
    • The alphabetic principle and learning to read
    • Shankweiler, D., and Liberman, I. Y. (eds.), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor
    • Liberman, I. Y., Shankweiler, D., and Liberman, A. M. (1989). The alphabetic principle and learning to read. In Shankweiler, D., and Liberman, I. Y. (eds.), Phonology and Reading Disability: Solving the Reading Puzzle, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, pp. 1-33.
    • (1989) Phonology and Reading Disability: Solving the Reading Puzzle , pp. 1-33
    • Liberman, I.Y.1    Shankweiler, D.2    Liberman, A.M.3
  • 42
    • 84935412971 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a training program for stimulating skills in world analysis in first-grade children
    • Lie, A. (1991). Effects of a training program for stimulating skills in world analysis in first-grade children. Reading Res. Q. 26: 234-250.
    • (1991) Reading Res. Q. , vol.26 , pp. 234-250
    • Lie, A.1
  • 44
    • 84981636326 scopus 로고
    • Reading and spelling skills in the first school years predicted from phonemic awareness skills in kindergarten
    • Lundberg, I., Olofsson, A., and Wall, S. (1980). Reading and spelling skills in the first school years predicted from phonemic awareness skills in kindergarten. Scand. J. Psychol. 21: 159-173.
    • (1980) Scand. J. Psychol. , vol.21 , pp. 159-173
    • Lundberg, I.1    Olofsson, A.2    Wall, S.3
  • 45
    • 34248820817 scopus 로고
    • Toward a definition of dyslexia
    • Lyon, A. (1995). Toward a definition of dyslexia. Ann. Dyslexia 45: 3-27.
    • (1995) Ann. Dyslexia , vol.45 , pp. 3-27
    • Lyon, A.1
  • 46
    • 0027651534 scopus 로고
    • Development of phonological and orthographic skill: A 2-year longitudinal study of dyslexic children
    • Manis, F. R., Custodlo, R., and Szeszulski, P. A. (1993). Development of phonological and orthographic skill: A 2-year longitudinal study of dyslexic children. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 56: 64-86.
    • (1993) J. Exp. Child Psychol. , vol.56 , pp. 64-86
    • Manis, F.R.1    Custodlo, R.2    Szeszulski, P.A.3
  • 47
    • 0039337083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Naming speed, phonological awareness, and orthographic knowledge in second graders
    • Manis, F. R., Doi, L. M., and Bhadha, G. (2000). Naming speed, phonological awareness, and orthographic knowledge in second graders. J. Learn. Disabil. 33: 325-333.
    • (2000) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.33 , pp. 325-333
    • Manis, F.R.1    Doi, L.M.2    Bhadha, G.3
  • 48
    • 0001386864 scopus 로고
    • Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word recognition
    • Meyer, D. E., Schvaneveldt, R. W., and Ruddy. M. G. (1974). Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word recognition. Mem. Cognit. 2: 309-321.
    • (1974) Mem. Cognit. , vol.2 , pp. 309-321
    • Meyer, D.E.1    Schvaneveldt, R.W.2    Ruddy, M.G.3
  • 49
    • 85005356478 scopus 로고
    • Criterion-referenced testing 30 years later: Promise broken, promise kept
    • Millman, J. (1994). Criterion-referenced testing 30 years later: Promise broken, promise kept. Educ. Measure. Issues Pract. 13: 19-20, 39.
    • (1994) Educ. Measure. Issues Pract. , vol.13 , pp. 19-20
    • Millman, J.1
  • 53
    • 0027604833 scopus 로고
    • Teaching phonological awareness to young children with learning disabilities
    • O'Connor, R. E., Jenkins, J. R., Leicester, N., and Slocum, T. A. (1993). Teaching phonological awareness to young children with learning disabilities. Except. Child. 59: 532-546.
    • (1993) Except. Child. , vol.59 , pp. 532-546
    • O'Connor, R.E.1    Jenkins, J.R.2    Leicester, N.3    Slocum, T.A.4
  • 56
    • 0000008433 scopus 로고
    • The representation problem in reading acquistion
    • Gough, P. B., Ehri, L. C., and Treiman, R. (eds.), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Perfetti, C. A. (1992). The representation problem in reading acquistion. In Gough, P. B., Ehri, L. C., and Treiman, R. (eds.), Reading Acquisition, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 145-174.
    • (1992) Reading Acquisition , pp. 145-174
    • Perfetti, C.A.1
  • 57
    • 0002129364 scopus 로고
    • The nonword reading deficit in developmental dyslexia: A review
    • Rack, J. P., Snowling, M. J., and Olson, A. K. (1992). The nonword reading deficit in developmental dyslexia: A review. Reading Res. Q. 27: 28-53.
    • (1992) Reading Res. Q. , vol.27 , pp. 28-53
    • Rack, J.P.1    Snowling, M.J.2    Olson, A.K.3
  • 62
    • 0002867682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early identification of children at risk for reading disabilities: Phonological awareness and some other promising predictors
    • Shapiro, B. K., Accardo, P. J., and Capute, A. J. (eds.), York Press, Timonium, MD
    • Scarborough, H. S. (1998). Early identification of children at risk for reading disabilities: Phonological awareness and some other promising predictors. In Shapiro, B. K., Accardo, P. J., and Capute, A. J. (eds.), Specific Reading Disability, York Press, Timonium, MD, pp. 75-120.
    • (1998) Specific Reading Disability , pp. 75-120
    • Scarborough, H.S.1
  • 63
    • 0033196982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dimensionality of phonological awareness: An application of item response theory
    • Schatschneider, C., Francis, D. J., Foorman, B. A., Fletcher, J. M., and Mehta, P. (1999). The dimensionality of phonological awareness: An application of item response theory. J. Educ. Psychol. 91: 439-449.
    • (1999) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.91 , pp. 439-449
    • Schatschneider, C.1    Francis, D.J.2    Foorman, B.A.3    Fletcher, J.M.4    Mehta, P.5
  • 65
    • 0029298160 scopus 로고
    • Phonological recoding and self-teaching: Sine qua non of reading acquisition
    • Share, D. L. (1995). Phonological recoding and self-teaching: Sine qua non of reading acquisition. Cognition 55: 151-218.
    • (1995) Cognition , vol.55 , pp. 151-218
    • Share, D.L.1
  • 66
    • 84925898633 scopus 로고
    • First grade reading ability and fluency in naming verbal symbols
    • Speer, O. B., and Lamb, G. S. (1976). First grade reading ability and fluency in naming verbal symbols. Reading Teacher 29: 572-576.
    • (1976) Reading Teacher , vol.29 , pp. 572-576
    • Speer, O.B.1    Lamb, G.S.2
  • 67
    • 0020201172 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in the cognitive processes of reading. I: Word decoding
    • Stanovich, K. E. (1982). Individual differences in the cognitive processes of reading. I: Word decoding. J. Learn. Disabil. 15: 485-493.
    • (1982) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.15 , pp. 485-493
    • Stanovich, K.E.1
  • 68
    • 0024220522 scopus 로고
    • Explaining the differences between the dyslexic and the garden-variety poor reader: The phonological-core variable-difference model
    • Stanovich, K. E. (1988). Explaining the differences between the dyslexic and the garden-variety poor reader: The phonological-core variable-difference model. J. Learn. Disabil. 21: 590-612.
    • (1988) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.21 , pp. 590-612
    • Stanovich, K.E.1
  • 69
    • 2942555785 scopus 로고
    • Assessing phonological awareness in kindergarten children: Issues of task comparability
    • Stanovich, K. E., Cunningham, A. E., and Cramer, B. B. (1984). Assessing phonological awareness in kindergarten children: Issues of task comparability. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 38: 175-190.
    • (1984) J. Exp. Child Psychol. , vol.38 , pp. 175-190
    • Stanovich, K.E.1    Cunningham, A.E.2    Cramer, B.B.3
  • 70
    • 0009098381 scopus 로고
    • The development of the relation between letter-naming speed and reading ability
    • Stanovich, K. E., Feeman, D. J., and Cunningham, A. E. (1983). The development of the relation between letter-naming speed and reading ability. Bull. Psychometric Soc. 21: 199-202.
    • (1983) Bull. Psychometric Soc. , vol.21 , pp. 199-202
    • Stanovich, K.E.1    Feeman, D.J.2    Cunningham, A.E.3
  • 71
    • 58149207301 scopus 로고
    • The phenotypic performance profile of reading-disabled children: A regression-based test of the phonological-core variable-difference model
    • Stanovich, K. E., and Siegel, L. S. (1994). The phenotypic performance profile of reading-disabled children: A regression-based test of the phonological-core variable-difference model. J. Educ. Psychol. 86: 24-53.
    • (1994) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.86 , pp. 24-53
    • Stanovich, K.E.1    Siegel, L.S.2
  • 75
    • 0002635096 scopus 로고
    • The model of memory from an information processing perspective: The special case of phonological memory
    • Reid Lyon, G. (ed.), Brookes, Baltimore
    • Torgesen, J. K. (1995). The model of memory from an information processing perspective: The special case of phonological memory. In Reid Lyon, G. (ed.), Attention, Memory, and Executive Function: Issues in Conceptualization and Measurement, Brookes, Baltimore, pp. 157-184.
    • (1995) Attention, Memory, and Executive Function: Issues in Conceptualization and Measurement , pp. 157-184
    • Torgesen, J.K.1
  • 76
    • 0000152226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative diagnostic approaches for specific developmental reading disabilities
    • Torgesen, J. K. (1998). Alternative diagnostic approaches for specific developmental reading disabilities. Learn. Disabil. Res. Pract. 13: 220-232.
    • (1998) Learn. Disabil. Res. Pract. , vol.13 , pp. 220-232
    • Torgesen, J.K.1
  • 77
    • 0002217544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in response to early interventions in reading: The lingering problem of treatment resisters
    • Torgesen, J. K. (2000). Individual differences in response to early interventions in reading: The lingering problem of treatment resisters. Learn. Disabil. Res. Pract. 15(1): 55-64.
    • (2000) Learn. Disabil. Res. Pract. , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-64
    • Torgesen, J.K.1
  • 79
    • 0000453572 scopus 로고
    • The effects of two types of phonological awareness training on word learning in kindergarten children
    • Torgesen, J. K., Morgan, S., and Davis, C. (1992). The effects of two types of phonological awareness training on word learning in kindergarten children. J. Educ. Psychol. 84: 364-370.
    • (1992) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.84 , pp. 364-370
    • Torgesen, J.K.1    Morgan, S.2    Davis, C.3
  • 80
    • 0000152226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative diagnostic approaches for specific developmental reading disabilities
    • Torgesen, J. K., and Wagner, R. K. (1998). Alternative diagnostic approaches for specific developmental reading disabilities. Learn. Disabil. Res. and Pract. 13: 220-232.
    • (1998) Learn. Disabil. Res. and Pract. , vol.13 , pp. 220-232
    • Torgesen, J.K.1    Wagner, R.K.2
  • 81
    • 0028432432 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal studies of phonological processing and reading
    • Torgesen, J. K., Wagner, R. K., and Rashotte, C. A. (1994). Longitudinal studies of phonological processing and reading. J. Learn. Disabil. 27: 276-286.
    • (1994) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.27 , pp. 276-286
    • Torgesen, J.K.1    Wagner, R.K.2    Rashotte, C.A.3
  • 82
    • 0002972671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An educator's guide to phonological awareness: Assessment measures and intervention activities for children
    • Troia, G. A., Roth, F. P., and Graham, S. (1998). An educator's guide to phonological awareness: Assessment measures and intervention activities for children. Focus Except. Child. 31: 1-12.
    • (1998) Focus Except. Child. , vol.31 , pp. 1-12
    • Troia, G.A.1    Roth, F.P.2    Graham, S.3
  • 84
    • 0000507890 scopus 로고
    • Introduction to three studies on reading acquisition: Convergent findings on theoretical foundations of code-oriented versus whole-language approaches to reading instruction
    • Vellutino, F. R. (1991). Introduction to three studies on reading acquisition: Convergent findings on theoretical foundations of code-oriented versus whole-language approaches to reading instruction. J. Educ. Psychol. 83: 437-443.
    • (1991) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.83 , pp. 437-443
    • Vellutino, F.R.1
  • 85
    • 0002441070 scopus 로고
    • The preeminence of phonologically based skills in learning to read
    • Brady, S., and Shankweiler, D. (eds.), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Vellutino, F. R., and Scanlon, D. M. (1991). The preeminence of phonologically based skills in learning to read. In Brady, S., and Shankweiler, D. (eds.), Phonological Processes in Literacy: A Tribute to Isabelle Liberman, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 237-252.
    • (1991) Phonological Processes in Literacy: A Tribute to Isabelle Liberman , pp. 237-252
    • Vellutino, F.R.1    Scanlon, D.M.2
  • 86
    • 58149370819 scopus 로고
    • The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills
    • Wagner, R. K., and Torgesen, J. K. (1987). The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills. Psychol. Bull. 101(2): 192-212.
    • (1987) Psychol. Bull. , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 192-212
    • Wagner, R.K.1    Torgesen, J.K.2
  • 88
    • 21344492974 scopus 로고
    • The development of reading-related phonological processing abilities: New evidence of bi-directional causality from a latent variable longitudinal study
    • Wagner, R. K., Torgesen, J. K., and Rashotte, C. A. (1994). The development of reading-related phonological processing abilities: New evidence of bi-directional causality from a latent variable longitudinal study. Dev. Psychol. 30: 73-87.
    • (1994) Dev. Psychol. , vol.30 , pp. 73-87
    • Wagner, R.K.1    Torgesen, J.K.2    Rashotte, C.A.3
  • 90
    • 0031136030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing relations between phonological processing abilities and word-level reading as children develop from beginning to skilled readers: A five-year longitudinal study
    • Wagner, A. K., Torgesen, J. K., Rashotte, C. A., Hecht, S. A., Barker, T. A., Burgess, S. R., Donohue, J., and Garon, T. (1997). Changing relations between phonological processing abilities and word-level reading as children develop from beginning to skilled readers: A five-year longitudinal study. Dev. Psychol. 33: 468-479.
    • (1997) Dev. Psychol. , vol.33 , pp. 468-479
    • Wagner, A.K.1    Torgesen, J.K.2    Rashotte, C.A.3    Hecht, S.A.4    Barker, T.A.5    Burgess, S.R.6    Donohue, J.7    Garon, T.8
  • 91
    • 84936395006 scopus 로고
    • The critical but transitory importance of letter naming
    • Walsh, D. J., Price, G. G., and Gillingham. M. G. (1988). The critical but transitory importance of letter naming. Reading Res. Q. 23(1): 108-122.
    • (1988) Reading Res. Q. , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-122
    • Walsh, D.J.1    Price, G.G.2    Gillingham, M.G.3
  • 92
    • 0010185114 scopus 로고
    • A scale for evaluating standardized reading tests, with results for Nelson-Denny, Iowa, and Stanford
    • Webb, M. W. (1983). A scale for evaluating standardized reading tests, with results for Nelson-Denny, Iowa, and Stanford. J. Reading 26: 424-429.
    • (1983) J. Reading , vol.26 , pp. 424-429
    • Webb, M.W.1
  • 93
    • 84936526749 scopus 로고
    • Naming speed and reading: The contribution of congnitive neurosciences
    • Wolf, M. (1991). Naming speed and reading: The contribution of congnitive neurosciences. Reading Res. Q. 26: 123-141.
    • (1991) Reading Res. Q. , vol.26 , pp. 123-141
    • Wolf, M.1
  • 94
    • 0033196763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The double-deficit hypothesis for the developmental dyslexias
    • Wolf, M., and Bowers, P. G. (1999). The double-deficit hypothesis for the developmental dyslexias. J. Educ. Psychol. 91: 415-438.
    • (1999) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.91 , pp. 415-438
    • Wolf, M.1    Bowers, P.G.2
  • 95
    • 0040443899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Naming-speed processes, timing, and reading: A conceptual review
    • Wolf, M., and Bowers, P. G., and Biddle, K. (2000). Naming-speed processes, timing, and reading: A conceptual review. J. Learn. Disabil. 33: 387-407.
    • (2000) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.33 , pp. 387-407
    • Wolf, M.1    Bowers, P.G.2    Biddle, K.3
  • 96
    • 84970657575 scopus 로고
    • Young children's acquisition of alphabet knowledge
    • Worden, P. E., and Boettcher, W. (1990). Young children's acquisition of alphabet knowledge. J. Reading Behav. 22: 277-295.
    • (1990) J. Reading Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 277-295
    • Worden, P.E.1    Boettcher, W.2
  • 97
    • 84935981341 scopus 로고
    • The validity and reliability of phonemic awareness tests
    • Yopp, H. K. (1988). The validity and reliability of phonemic awareness tests. Reading Res. Q. 23: 159-177.
    • (1988) Reading Res. Q. , vol.23 , pp. 159-177
    • Yopp, H.K.1
  • 98
    • 0141435203 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of the relationships between phonemic awareness and reading and spelling achievement
    • Paper presented, San Francisco
    • Yopp, H. K. (1992). A longitudinal study of the relationships between phonemic awareness and reading and spelling achievement. Paper presented at The Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
    • (1992) The Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association
    • Yopp, H.K.1
  • 99
    • 43049131934 scopus 로고
    • A test for assessing phonemic awareness of young children
    • Yopp, H. K. (1995). A test for assessing phonemic awareness of young children. Read. Teacher 49: 20-29.
    • (1995) Read. Teacher , vol.49 , pp. 20-29
    • Yopp, H.K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.