Cooperative networks and competitive dynamics: A structural embeddedness perspective

Academy of Management Review

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 431-445

  Gnyawali, Devi R ^b   Madhavan, Ravindranath ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035402673     PISSN: 03637425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5465/AMR.2001.4845820     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Barney, J. 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: 99-120.
2. Baum, J. C., & Dutton, J. E. 1996. Introduction: The embeddedness of strategy. Advances in Strategic Management, 13: 1-15.
3. Baum, J. C., & Korn, H. J. 1999. Dynamics of dyadic competitive interaction. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 251-278.
4. Bhardwaj, G. 1997. Industry network structure and interfirm rivalry: A study of structural responses. Working paper, University of Pittsburgh.
5. Brandenburger, A. M., & Nalebuff, B. J. 1996. Co-opetition. New York: Doubleday.
6. Brass, D. J., & Burkhardt, M. E. 1992. Centrality and power in organizations. In N. Nohria & R. Eccles (Eds.), Networks and organizations: Structure, form and action: 191-215. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
7. Burt, R. S. 1983. Cohesion versus structural equivalence as a basis of subgroups. In R. S. Burt & M. J. Minor (Eds.), Applied network analysis: 262-282. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
8. Burt, R. S. 1991. STRUCTURE reference manual. New York: Columbia University.
9. Burt, R. S. 1992. Structural holes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
10. Burt, R. S. 1998. The network structure of social capital. Paper presented at the Conference on Social Networks and Social Capital, Duke University, Durham, NC.
11. Caves, R., & Porter, M. E. 1977. From entry barriers to mobility barriers. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 91: 241-261.
12. Chen, M. 1996. Competitor analysis and interfirm rivalry: Toward a theoretical integration. Academy of Management Review, 21: 100-134.
13. Chen, M., & MacMillan, I. 1992. Non-response and delayed response to competitive moves: The roles of competitor dependence and action irreversibility. Academy of Management Journal, 35: 539-570.
14. Chen, M., & Miller, D. 1994. Competitive attack, retaliation and performance: An expectancy-valence framework. Strategic Management Journal, 15: 85-102.
15. Coleman, J. S. 1988. Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Supplement): 95-120.
16. Coleman, J. S. 1990. Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
17. Contractor, N., Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. 2000. Testing multi-level, multi-theoretical hypotheses about networks in 21st century organizational forms: An analytic framework and empirical example. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Meeting, Acapulco, Mexico.
18. Dacin, M. T., Ventresca, M. J., & Beal, B. D. 1999. The embeddedness of organizations: Dialogue & directions. Journal of Management, 25: 317-356.
19. Doz, Y. L., Olk, P. M., & Ring, P. S. 2000. Formation processes of R&D consortia: Which path to take? Where does it lead? Strategic Management Journal, 21: 239-266.
20. Dutton, J. E., & Jackson, S. B. 1987. Categorizing strategic issues: Links to organizational action. Academy of Management Review, 12: 76-90.
21. Ferrier, W. J., Smith, K. G., & Grimm, C. M. 1999. The role of competitive action in market share erosion and industry dethronement: A study of industry leaders and challengers. Academy of Management Journal, 42: 372-388.
22. Galaskiewicz, J. 1979. Exchange networks and community politics. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
23. Gimeno, J. 1999. Reciprocal threats in multimarket rivalry: Staking out "spheres of influence" in the US Airline industry. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 101-128.
24. Gimeno, J., & Woo, C. 1996. Economic multiplexity: The structural embeddedness of cooperation in multiple relations of interdependence. Advances in Strategic Management, 13: 323-361.
25. Gnyawali, D. 1995. Toward a theory of competitive dynamics. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Vancouver, British Columbia.
26. Gomes-Casseres, B. 1996. The alliance revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
27. Granovetter, M. S. 1973. The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78: 1360-1380.
28. Granovetter, M. S. 1985. Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91: 481-510.
29. Grimm, C. M., & Smith, K. A. 1997. Strategy as action. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western Publishing.
30. Gulati, R. 1999. Network location and learning: The influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 397-420.
31. Gulati, R., Nohria, N., & Zaheer, A. 2000. Strategic networks. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 203-215.
32. Harbison, J. R., & Pekar, P., Jr. 1998. Smart alliances. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
33. Harrigan, K. R. 1986. Managing for joint venture success. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
34. Klein, K. J., Dansereau, F., & Hall, R. J. 1994. Levels issues in theory development, data collection, and analysis. Academy of Management Review, 19: 195-229.
35. Klein, K. J., Tosi, H., & Cannella, A. A., Jr. 1999. Multilevel theory building: Benefits, barriers, and new developments. Academy of Management Review, 24: 243-248.
36. Kostova, T. 1999. Transnational transfer of strategic organizational practices: A contextual perspective. Academy of Management Review, 24: 308-324.
37. Kraatz, M. S. 1998. Learning by association? Interorganizational networks and adaptation to environmental change. Academy of Management Journal, 41: 621-643.
38. Krackhardt, D. 1992. The strength of strong ties: The importance of Philos in organizations. In N. Nohria & R. G. Eccles (Eds.), Networks and organizations: Structure, form and action: 216-239. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
39. Langlois, R. N. 1992. External economies and economic progress: The case of the microcomputer industry. Business History Review, 66(1): 1-50.
40. Laumann, E. O., Galaskiewicz, J., & Marsden, P. V. 1978. Community structure as interorganizational linkages. Annual Review of Sociology 4: 455-484.
41. Madhavan, R., Koka, B., & Prescott, J. E. 1998. Networks in transition: How industry events (re)shape interfirm relationships. Strategic Management Journal, 19: 439-459.
42. Mahoney, J. T., & Pandian, J. 1992. The resource-based view within the conversation of strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 13: 363-380.
43. Marsden, P. V. 1990. Network data and measurement. Annual Review of Sociology, 16: 435-463.
44. McEvily, B., & Zaheer, A. 1999. Bridging ties: A source of firm heterogeneity in competitive capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 1133-1156.
45. McGahan, A. M. 1995. Cooperation in prices and capacities: Trade associations in Brewing after Repeal. Journal of Law and Economics, 38: 521-559.
46. Miller, D., & Chen, M. 1994. Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the U.S. airline industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 1-23.
47. Nayyar, P. R., & Bantel, K. A. 1994. Competitive agility: A source of competitive advantage based on speed and variety. Advances in Strategic Management, 10: 193-222.
48. Nohria, N. 1992. Is a network perspective a useful way of studying organizations? In N. Nohria & R. Eccles (Eds.), Networks and organizations: Structure, form and action: 1-22. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
49. Oster, S. 1994. Modern competitive analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
50. Padgett, J. F., & Ansell, C. K. 1993. Robust action and the rise of the Medici, 1400-1434. American Journal of Sociology, 98: 1259-1319.
51. Peteraf, M. A., & Shanley, M. 1997. Getting to know you: A theory of strategic group identity. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 165-186.
52. Pettigrew, A. M. 1992. The character and significance of strategy process research. Strategic Management Journal, 13(Special Issue): 5-16.
53. Porac, J. F., & Thomas, H. 1990. Taxonomic mental models in competitor definition. Academy of Management Review, 15: 224-240.
54. Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. 1996. Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 116-145.
55. Prescott, J. E. 1986. Environments as moderators of the relationship between strategy and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 29: 329-346.
56. Rice, R. E., & Aydin, C. 1991. Attitudes towards new organizational technology: Network proximity as a mechanism for social information processing. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 219-244.
57. Rogers, E. M. 1995. Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.
58. Scherer, F. M., & Ross, D. 1990. Industrial market structure and economic performance. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
59. Smith, K. G., & Grimm, C. M. 1991. A communication-information model of competitive response timing. Journal of Management, 17: 5-23.
60. Smith, K. G., Grimm, C. M., Gannon, M. J., & Chen, M. 1991. Organization information processing, competitive responses, and performance in the U.S. domestic airline industry. Academy of Management Journal, 34: 60-85.
61. Smith, K. G., Grimm, C. M., Young, G., & Wally, S. 1997. Strategic groups and rivalrous firm behavior: Towards a reconciliation. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 149-157.
62. Uzzi, B. 1997. Social structure and competition in interfirm networks: The paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 35-67.
63. Valente, T. W. 1995. Network models of the diffusion of innovations. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
64. Wasserman, S., & Faust, K. 1994. Social network analysis: Methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
65. Young, G., Smith, K., & Grimm, C. 1996. "Austrian" and industrial organization perspectives on firm-level competitive activity and performance. Orgranization Science, 7: 243-254.
66. Zajac, E. J., & Bazerman, M. H. 1991. Blind spots in industry and competitor analysis: Implications of interfirm (mis)perceptions for strategic decisions. Academy of Management Review, 16: 37-56.
67. Zucker, L. 1987. Institutional theories of organization. Annual Review of Sociology, 13: 443-464.
68. Zukin, S., & DiMaggio, P. 1990. Introduction. In S. Zukin & P. DiMaggio (Eds.), Structures of capital: The social organization of the economy: 1-36. New York: Cambridge University Press.