메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 253-267

A plant trait analysis of responses to grazing in a long-term experiment

Author keywords

Diversity; Gap colonization; Grazer selectivity; Long term study; Mesotrophic grassland

Indexed keywords

GRASSLAND; GRAZING; PLANT COMMUNITY;

EID: 0035019059     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2664.2001.00599.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (256)

References (77)
  • 2
    • 0032762351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of assessing leaf fracture properties
    • Aranwela, N., Sanson, G. & Read, J. (1999) Methods of assessing leaf fracture properties. New Phytologist, 144, 369-393.
    • (1999) New Phytologist , vol.144 , pp. 369-393
    • Aranwela, N.1    Sanson, G.2    Read, J.3
  • 3
    • 0031786775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant communities: Herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance
    • Augustine, D.J. & McNaughton, S.J. (1998) Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant communities: herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance. Journal of Wildlife Management, 62, 1165-1183.
    • (1998) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.62 , pp. 1165-1183
    • Augustine, D.J.1    McNaughton, S.J.2
  • 4
    • 0004323251 scopus 로고
    • Experimental techniques: The HFRO sward stick
    • HFRO, Edinburgh, UK
    • Barthram, G.T. (1986) Experimental techniques: the HFRO sward stick. Biennial Report 1984-1985, 29-30. HFRO, Edinburgh, UK.
    • (1986) Biennial Report 1984-1985, 29-30
    • Barthram, G.T.1
  • 5
    • 84971020105 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting diet selection by sheep. II. Height and density of pasture
    • Black, J.L. & Kenney, P.A. (1984) Factors affecting diet selection by sheep. II. Height and density of pasture. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 35, 565-578.
    • (1984) Australian Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.35 , pp. 565-578
    • Black, J.L.1    Kenney, P.A.2
  • 7
    • 0003027115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies of plant survival in grazed systems: A functional interpretation
    • eds J. Hodgson & A. W. Illius. CAB International, Wallingford, UK
    • Briske, D.D. (1996) Strategies of plant survival in grazed systems: a functional interpretation. The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems (eds J. Hodgson & A. W. Illius), pp. 37-68. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
    • (1996) The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems , pp. 37-68
    • Briske, D.D.1
  • 8
    • 0002034007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant competition and community dynamics
    • eds A. Illius & J. Hodgson. CAB International, Wallingford, UK
    • Bullock, J.M. (1996a) Plant competition and community dynamics. The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems (eds A. Illius & J. Hodgson), pp. 69-100. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
    • (1996) The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems , pp. 69-100
    • Bullock, J.M.1
  • 9
    • 0002506539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plants
    • ed. W. Sutherland. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK
    • Bullock, J.M. (1996b) Plants. Ecological Censusing: A Handbook of Techniques (ed. W. Sutherland), pp. 111-138. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1996) Ecological Censusing: A Handbook of Techniques , pp. 111-138
    • Bullock, J.M.1
  • 10
    • 0007551114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant responses to grazing and opportunities for manipulation
    • eds A.J. Rook & P.D. Penning. British Grassland Society, Reading, UK
    • Bullock, J.M. & Marriott, C.A. (2000) Plant responses to grazing and opportunities for manipulation. Grazing Management (eds A.J. Rook & P.D. Penning), pp. 17-26. British Grassland Society, Reading, UK.
    • (2000) Grazing Management , pp. 17-26
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Marriott, C.A.2
  • 11
    • 0030621271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grazing of lowland heath in England: Management methods and their effects on heathland vegetation
    • Bullock, J.M. & Pakeman, R.J. (1997) Grazing of lowland heath in England: management methods and their effects on heathland vegetation. Biological Conservation, 79, 1-13.
    • (1997) Biological Conservation , vol.79 , pp. 1-13
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Pakeman, R.J.2
  • 12
    • 0028177834 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of vegetation change due to sheep grazing in a species-poor grassland and the role of seedling recruitment into gaps
    • Bullock, J.M., Clear Hill, B., Dale, M.P. & Silvertown, J. (1994a) An experimental study of vegetation change due to sheep grazing in a species-poor grassland and the role of seedling recruitment into gaps. Journal of Applied Ecology, 31, 493-507.
    • (1994) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.31 , pp. 493-507
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Clear Hill, B.2    Dale, M.P.3    Silvertown, J.4
  • 13
    • 0028041997 scopus 로고
    • Tiller dynamics of two grasses - Responses to grazing, density and weather
    • Bullock, J.M., Clear Hill, B. & Silvertown, J. (1994b) Tiller dynamics of two grasses - responses to grazing, density and weather. Journal of Ecology, 82, 331-340.
    • (1994) Journal of Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 331-340
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Clear Hill, B.2    Silvertown, J.3
  • 14
    • 0028130951 scopus 로고
    • Demography of Cirsium vulgare in a grazing experiment
    • Bullock, J.M., Clear Hill, B. & Silvertown, J. (1994c) Demography of Cirsium vulgare in a grazing experiment. Journal of Ecology, 82, 101-111.
    • (1994) Journal of Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 101-111
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Clear Hill, B.2    Silvertown, J.3
  • 15
    • 0028977485 scopus 로고
    • Gap colonization as a source of grassland community change: Effects of gap size and grazing on the rate and mode of colonization by different species
    • Bullock, J.M., Clear Hill, B., Silvertown, J. & Sulton, M. (1995) Gap colonization as a source of grassland community change: effects of gap size and grazing on the rate and mode of colonization by different species. Oikos, 72, 273-282.
    • (1995) Oikos , vol.72 , pp. 273-282
    • Bullock, J.M.1    Clear Hill, B.2    Silvertown, J.3    Sulton, M.4
  • 16
    • 0024919238 scopus 로고
    • Patterns in grass silicification response to grazing history and defoliation
    • Cid, M.S., Detling, J.K., Brizuela, M.A. & Whicker, A.D. (1989) Patterns in grass silicification response to grazing history and defoliation. Oecologia, 80, 268-271.
    • (1989) Oecologia , vol.80 , pp. 268-271
    • Cid, M.S.1    Detling, J.K.2    Brizuela, M.A.3    Whicker, A.D.4
  • 18
    • 0034111741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can palatability trials be used to predict the effect of rabbit grazing on the flora of ex-arable land?
    • Diaz, A. & Ford, M.A. (2000) Can palatability trials be used to predict the effect of rabbit grazing on the flora of ex-arable land? Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 78, 249-259.
    • (2000) Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment , vol.78 , pp. 249-259
    • Diaz, A.1    Ford, M.A.2
  • 19
    • 0028977487 scopus 로고
    • Community stability: A 60-year record of trends and outbreaks in the occurrence of species in the Park Grass Experiment
    • Dodd, M., Silvertown, J., McConway, K., Potts, J. & Crawley, M. (1995) Community stability: a 60-year record of trends and outbreaks in the occurrence of species in the Park Grass Experiment. Journal of Ecology, 83, 277-285.
    • (1995) Journal of Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 277-285
    • Dodd, M.1    Silvertown, J.2    McConway, K.3    Potts, J.4    Crawley, M.5
  • 20
    • 0031930727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of forty-four years of grazing on fescue grassland soils
    • Dormaar, J.F. & Willms, W.D. (1998) Effect of forty-four years of grazing on fescue grassland soils. Journal of Range Management, 51, 122-126.
    • (1998) Journal of Range Management , vol.51 , pp. 122-126
    • Dormaar, J.F.1    Willms, W.D.2
  • 21
    • 0028976942 scopus 로고
    • Competitive performance and species distribution in shoreline plant communities: A comparative approach
    • Gaudet, C.L. & Keddy, P.A. (1995) Competitive performance and species distribution in shoreline plant communities: a comparative approach. Ecology, 76, 280-291.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 280-291
    • Gaudet, C.L.1    Keddy, P.A.2
  • 22
    • 84986765110 scopus 로고
    • The effects of grazing on local colonisation and extinction during early succession
    • Gibson, C.W.D. & Brown, V.K. (1991) The effects of grazing on local colonisation and extinction during early succession. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2, 291-300.
    • (1991) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.2 , pp. 291-300
    • Gibson, C.W.D.1    Brown, V.K.2
  • 23
    • 0026498732 scopus 로고
    • Grazing and vegetation change - Deflected or modified succession
    • Gibson, C.W.D. & Brown, V.K. (1992) Grazing and vegetation change - deflected or modified succession. Journal of Applied Ecology, 29, 120-131.
    • (1992) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.29 , pp. 120-131
    • Gibson, C.W.D.1    Brown, V.K.2
  • 24
    • 0023471823 scopus 로고
    • The use of sheep grazing to recreate species-rich grassland from abandoned arable land
    • Gibson, C.W.D., Watt, T.A. & Brown, V.K. (1987) The use of sheep grazing to recreate species-rich grassland from abandoned arable land. Biological Conservation, 42, 1-19.
    • (1987) Biological Conservation , vol.42 , pp. 1-19
    • Gibson, C.W.D.1    Watt, T.A.2    Brown, V.K.3
  • 26
    • 0030302055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled grazing studies on Nardus grassland: Effects of between-tussock sward height and species of grazer on Nardus utilization and floristic composition in two fields in Scotland
    • Grant, S.A., Torvell, L., Sim, E.M., Small, J.L. & Armstrong, R.H. (1996a) Controlled grazing studies on Nardus grassland: effects of between-tussock sward height and species of grazer on Nardus utilization and floristic composition in two fields in Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 1053-1064.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 1053-1064
    • Grant, S.A.1    Torvell, L.2    Sim, E.M.3    Small, J.L.4    Armstrong, R.H.5
  • 27
    • 0030301996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal pattern of leaf growth and senescence of Nardus stricta and responses of tussocks to differing severity, timing and frequency of defoliation
    • Grant, S.A., Torvell, L., Sim, E.M., Small, J.L. & Elston, D.A. (1996b) Seasonal pattern of leaf growth and senescence of Nardus stricta and responses of tussocks to differing severity, timing and frequency of defoliation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 1145-1155.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 1145-1155
    • Grant, S.A.1    Torvell, L.2    Sim, E.M.3    Small, J.L.4    Elston, D.A.5
  • 30
    • 0001305235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant chemistry and herbivory, or why the world is green
    • ed. M.J. Crawley. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK
    • Hartley, S.E. & Jones, C.G. (1997) Plant chemistry and herbivory, or why the world is green. Plant Ecology (ed. M.J. Crawley), pp. 284-324. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.
    • (1997) Plant Ecology , pp. 284-324
    • Hartley, S.E.1    Jones, C.G.2
  • 31
    • 0026540720 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of excluding sheep from hill pastures in North Wales
    • Hill, M.O., Evans, D.F. & Bell, S.A. (1992) Long-term effects of excluding sheep from hill pastures in North Wales. Journal of Ecology, 80, 1-13.
    • (1992) Journal of Ecology , vol.80 , pp. 1-13
    • Hill, M.O.1    Evans, D.F.2    Bell, S.A.3
  • 32
    • 0033397323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of controlled sheep grazing on the dynamics of upland Agrostis - Festuca grassland
    • Hulme, P.D., Pakeman, R.J., Torvell, L., Fisher, J.M. & Gordon, I.J. (1999) The effects of controlled sheep grazing on the dynamics of upland Agrostis - Festuca grassland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 36, 886-900.
    • (1999) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.36 , pp. 886-900
    • Hulme, P.D.1    Pakeman, R.J.2    Torvell, L.3    Fisher, J.M.4    Gordon, I.J.5
  • 33
    • 0034489183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of late summer cattle grazing on the diversity of riparian pasture vegetation in an upland conifer forest
    • Humphrey, J.W. & Patterson, G.S. (2000) Effects of late summer cattle grazing on the diversity of riparian pasture vegetation in an upland conifer forest. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37, 986-996.
    • (2000) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.37 , pp. 986-996
    • Humphrey, J.W.1    Patterson, G.S.2
  • 34
    • 0001678381 scopus 로고
    • Diet selection in mammalian herbivores - Constraints and tactics
    • ed. R.N. Hughes. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK
    • Illius, A.W. & Gordon, I.J. (1993) Diet selection in mammalian herbivores - constraints and tactics. Diet Selection (ed. R.N. Hughes), pp. 369-392. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
    • (1993) Diet Selection , pp. 369-392
    • Illius, A.W.1    Gordon, I.J.2
  • 36
    • 0004246323 scopus 로고
    • Chapman & Hall, London, UK
    • Keddy, P.A. (1989) Competition. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
    • (1989) Competition
    • Keddy, P.A.1
  • 38
    • 0032707435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant response to disturbance in a Mediterranean grassland: How many functional groups?
    • Lavorel, S., McIntyre, S. & Grigulis, K. (1999) Plant response to disturbance in a Mediterranean grassland: how many functional groups? Journal of Vegetation Science, 10, 661-672.
    • (1999) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.10 , pp. 661-672
    • Lavorel, S.1    McIntyre, S.2    Grigulis, K.3
  • 39
    • 0031425520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant functional classifications: From general groups to specific groups based on response to disturbance
    • Lavorel, S., McIntyre, S., Landsberg, J. & Forbes, T.D.A. (1997) Plant functional classifications: from general groups to specific groups based on response to disturbance. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 12, 474-478.
    • (1997) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.12 , pp. 474-478
    • Lavorel, S.1    McIntyre, S.2    Landsberg, J.3    Forbes, T.D.A.4
  • 40
    • 0028974082 scopus 로고
    • Use of paired plots and multivariate-analysis for the determination of goat grazing preference
    • Leps, J., Michalek, J., Kulisek, P. & Uhlik, P. (1995) Use of paired plots and multivariate-analysis for the determination of goat grazing preference. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 37-42.
    • (1995) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.6 , pp. 37-42
    • Leps, J.1    Michalek, J.2    Kulisek, P.3    Uhlik, P.4
  • 41
    • 0000112490 scopus 로고
    • Problems with triangular model for representing plant strategies
    • Loehle, C. (1988) Problems with triangular model for representing plant strategies. Ecology, 69, 284-286.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 284-286
    • Loehle, C.1
  • 43
    • 0028976920 scopus 로고
    • Plant life-history attributes: Their relationship to disturbance responses in herbaceous vegetation
    • McIntyre, S., Lavorel, S. & Trémont, R.M. (1995) Plant life-history attributes: their relationship to disturbance responses in herbaceous vegetation. Journal of Ecology, 83, 31-44.
    • (1995) Journal of Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 31-44
    • McIntyre, S.1    Lavorel, S.2    Trémont, R.M.3
  • 45
    • 0010563906 scopus 로고
    • Soil fertility and nature conservation in Europe - Theoretical considerations and practical management solutions
    • Marrs, R.H. (1993) Soil fertility and nature conservation in Europe - theoretical considerations and practical management solutions. Advances in Ecological Research, 24, 241-300.
    • (1993) Advances in Ecological Research , vol.24 , pp. 241-300
    • Marrs, R.H.1
  • 47
    • 0030439906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversion of grassland vegetation following the cessation of fertilizer application
    • Mountford, J.O., Lakhani, K.H. & Holland, R.J. (1996) Reversion of grassland vegetation following the cessation of fertilizer application. Journal of Vegetation Science, 7, 219-228.
    • (1996) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.7 , pp. 219-228
    • Mountford, J.O.1    Lakhani, K.H.2    Holland, R.J.3
  • 48
    • 0024873866 scopus 로고
    • Responses of mediterranean grassland plants to grazing and protection
    • Noy Meir, I., Gutman, M. & Kaplan, Y. (1989) Responses of mediterranean grassland plants to grazing and protection. Journal of Ecology, 77, 290-310.
    • (1989) Journal of Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 290-310
    • Noy Meir, I.1    Gutman, M.2    Kaplan, Y.3
  • 49
    • 0026301493 scopus 로고
    • Long-term dynamics of standing crop and species composition after the cessation of fertilizer application to mown grassland
    • Olff, H. & Bakker, J.P. (1991) Long-term dynamics of standing crop and species composition after the cessation of fertilizer application to mown grassland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 28, 1040-1052.
    • (1991) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.28 , pp. 1040-1052
    • Olff, H.1    Bakker, J.P.2
  • 50
    • 0032124827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of herbivores on grassland plant diversity
    • Olff, H. & Ritchie, M.E. (1998) Effects of herbivores on grassland plant diversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 13, 261-265.
    • (1998) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.13 , pp. 261-265
    • Olff, H.1    Ritchie, M.E.2
  • 51
    • 0028161505 scopus 로고
    • Changes in nitrogen mineralization, tissue nutrient concentrations and biomass compartmentation after cessation of fertilizer application to mown grassland
    • Olff, H., Berendse, F. & de Visser, W. (1994) Changes in nitrogen mineralization, tissue nutrient concentrations and biomass compartmentation after cessation of fertilizer application to mown grassland. Journal of Ecology, 82, 611-620.
    • (1994) Journal of Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 611-620
    • Olff, H.1    Berendse, F.2    De Visser, W.3
  • 52
    • 0342309242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary studies on the effects of pre-emergence herbicides on the establishment of injurious weed and wild-flower species
    • Pywell, R.F., Nowakowski, M., Walker, K.J. & Barratt, D.R. (1998) Preliminary studies on the effects of pre-emergence herbicides on the establishment of injurious weed and wild-flower species. Aspects of Applied Biology, 51, 173-178.
    • (1998) Aspects of Applied Biology , vol.51 , pp. 173-178
    • Pywell, R.F.1    Nowakowski, M.2    Walker, K.J.3    Barratt, D.R.4
  • 54
    • 0031811471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual variation and the effects of weather, age and flowering history on survival and flowering of the long-lived perennial Gentiana pneumonanthe
    • Rose, R.J., Clarke, R.T. & Chapman, S.B. (1998) Individual variation and the effects of weather, age and flowering history on survival and flowering of the long-lived perennial Gentiana pneumonanthe. Ecography, 21, 317-326.
    • (1998) Ecography , vol.21 , pp. 317-326
    • Rose, R.J.1    Clarke, R.T.2    Chapman, S.B.3
  • 55
    • 0004282518 scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute, Carey, NC, USA
    • SAS (1990) SAS/STAT Users' Guide. SAS Institute, Carey, NC, USA.
    • (1990) SAS/STAT Users' Guide
  • 56
    • 0012333113 scopus 로고
    • Considérations sur la composition chimique dans l'évaluation de la qualité de fourrages des prairies naturelles
    • Scehovic, J. (1991) Considérations sur la composition chimique dans l'évaluation de la qualité de fourrages des prairies naturelles. Revue Suisse Agriculture, 23, 305-310.
    • (1991) Revue Suisse Agriculture , vol.23 , pp. 305-310
    • Scehovic, J.1
  • 57
    • 0012288166 scopus 로고
    • Porquoi et comment tenir compte des métabolites secondaire dans l'évaluation de la qualité des fourrages?
    • Scehovic, J. (1995) Porquoi et comment tenir compte des métabolites secondaire dans l'évaluation de la qualité des fourrages? Revue Suisse Agriculture, 27, 297-301.
    • (1995) Revue Suisse Agriculture , vol.27 , pp. 297-301
    • Scehovic, J.1
  • 58
    • 0002827815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of grazing systems: Temperate pastures
    • eds J. Hodgson & A.W. Illius. CAB International, Wallingford, UK
    • Sheath, G.W. & Clark, D. A. (1996) Management of grazing systems: temperate pastures. The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems (eds J. Hodgson & A.W. Illius), pp. 310-323. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
    • (1996) The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems , pp. 310-323
    • Sheath, G.W.1    Clark, D.A.2
  • 59
    • 0024189203 scopus 로고
    • Gaps in the canopy: The missing dimension in vegetation dynamics
    • Silvertown, J. & Smith, B.A. (1988) Gaps in the canopy: the missing dimension in vegetation dynamics. Vegetatio, 77, 57-60.
    • (1988) Vegetatio , vol.77 , pp. 57-60
    • Silvertown, J.1    Smith, B.A.2
  • 60
    • 0024483280 scopus 로고
    • Mapping the microenvironment for seed germination in the field
    • Silvertown, J. & Smith, B. (1989) Mapping the microenvironment for seed germination in the field. Annals of Botany, 63, 163-167.
    • (1989) Annals of Botany , vol.63 , pp. 163-167
    • Silvertown, J.1    Smith, B.2
  • 62
    • 0028176953 scopus 로고
    • The effects of grazing management on the vegetation of mesotrophic (meadow) grassland in Northern England
    • Smith, R.S. & Rushton, S.P. (1994) The effects of grazing management on the vegetation of mesotrophic (meadow) grassland in Northern England. Journal of Applied Ecology, 31, 13-24.
    • (1994) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.31 , pp. 13-24
    • Smith, R.S.1    Rushton, S.P.2
  • 63
    • 0030299185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The conservation management of mesotrophic (meadow) grassland in Northern England. I. Effects of grazing, cutting date, fertilizer and seed application on the vegetation of a traditionally managed sward
    • Smith, R.S., Buckingham, H., Bullard, M.J.S., Shiel, R.S. & Younger, A. (1996) The conservation management of mesotrophic (meadow) grassland in Northern England. I. Effects of grazing, cutting date, fertilizer and seed application on the vegetation of a traditionally managed sward. Grass and Forage Science, 51, 278-291.
    • (1996) Grass and Forage Science , vol.51 , pp. 278-291
    • Smith, R.S.1    Buckingham, H.2    Bullard, M.J.S.3    Shiel, R.S.4    Younger, A.5
  • 64
    • 0034490226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interactive effects of management on the productivity and plant community structure of an upland meadow: An 8-year field trial
    • Smith, R.S., Shiel, R.S., Millward, D. & Corkhill, P. (2000) The interactive effects of management on the productivity and plant community structure of an upland meadow: an 8-year field trial. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37, 1029-1043.
    • (2000) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.37 , pp. 1029-1043
    • Smith, R.S.1    Shiel, R.S.2    Millward, D.3    Corkhill, P.4
  • 68
    • 0033215101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and conservation
    • Stephens, P.A. & Sutherland, W.J. (1999) Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 14, 401-405.
    • (1999) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 401-405
    • Stephens, P.A.1    Sutherland, W.J.2
  • 69
    • 0034109897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation in response to grazing management in a Mediterranean herbaceous community: A functional group approach
    • Sternberg, M., Gutman, M., Perevolotsky, A., Ungar, E.D. & Kigel, J. (2000) Vegetation in response to grazing management in a Mediterranean herbaceous community: a functional group approach. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37, 224-237.
    • (2000) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.37 , pp. 224-237
    • Sternberg, M.1    Gutman, M.2    Perevolotsky, A.3    Ungar, E.D.4    Kigel, J.5
  • 70
    • 0033081192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How grazing and soil quality affect native and exotic plant diversity in rocky mountain grasslands
    • Stohlgren, T.J., Schell, L. D. & Vanden Heuvel, B. (1999) How grazing and soil quality affect native and exotic plant diversity in rocky mountain grasslands. Ecological Applications, 9, 45-64.
    • (1999) Ecological Applications , vol.9 , pp. 45-64
    • Stohlgren, T.J.1    Schell, L.D.2    Vanden Heuvel, B.3
  • 73
    • 0034701091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phylogenetic approach to community assembly from the local species pool
    • Tofts, R. & Silvertown, J. (2000) A phylogenetic approach to community assembly from the local species pool. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 267, 363-369.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , vol.267 , pp. 363-369
    • Tofts, R.1    Silvertown, J.2
  • 74
    • 0028162785 scopus 로고
    • Life-history attributes of plants in grazed and ungrazed grasslands on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales
    • Trémont, R.M. (1994) Life-history attributes of plants in grazed and ungrazed grasslands on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. Australian Journal of Botany, 42, 511-530.
    • (1994) Australian Journal of Botany , vol.42 , pp. 511-530
    • Trémont, R.M.1
  • 75
    • 0031150168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of sheep production and nature conservation: Experimental management
    • Treweek, J.R., Watt, T.A. & Hambler, C. (1997) Integration of sheep production and nature conservation: experimental management. Journal of Environmental Management, 50, 193-210.
    • (1997) Journal of Environmental Management , vol.50 , pp. 193-210
    • Treweek, J.R.1    Watt, T.A.2    Hambler, C.3
  • 76
    • 0025626877 scopus 로고
    • Succession of disturbed and undisturbed chalk grassland at Aston Rowant Nature reserve: Dynamics of species changes
    • Ward, L.K. & Jennings, R.D. (1990) Succession of disturbed and undisturbed chalk grassland at Aston Rowant Nature reserve: dynamics of species changes. Journal of Applied Ecology, 27, 897-912.
    • (1990) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.27 , pp. 897-912
    • Ward, L.K.1    Jennings, R.D.2
  • 77
    • 0029660481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of the impact of seasonal sheep grazing on formerly fertilized grassland
    • Watt, T.A., Treweek, J.R. & Woolmer, F.S. (1996) An experimental study of the impact of seasonal sheep grazing on formerly fertilized grassland. Journal of Vegetation Science, 7, 535-542.
    • (1996) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.7 , pp. 535-542
    • Watt, T.A.1    Treweek, J.R.2    Woolmer, F.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.