Individual variation and the effects of weather, age and flowering history on survival and flowering of the long-lived perennial Gentiana pneumonanthe

Ecography

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 317-326

  Rose, R J ^a   Clarke, R T ^a   Chapman, S B ^a,b  

^a NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

^b Hope House   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLOWERING; FLOWERING HISTORY; HABITAT MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL; WEATHER AGE;

DICOTYLEDONEAE; GENTIANA; GENTIANA PNEUMONANTHE; MAGNOLIOPHYTA;

EID: 0031811471     PISSN: 09067590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.1998.tb00569.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bannister, P. 1964. The water relations of certain heath plants with reference to their ecological amplitude. I Introduction: germination and establishment. - J. Ecol. 52: 423-432.
2. Barkham, J. P. 1980a. Population dynamics of the wild daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus). I Clonal growth, seed reproduction, mortality and the effect of density. - J. Ecol. 68: 607-614.
3. _ 1980b. Population dynamics of the wild daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus). II Changes in the number of shoots and flowers, and the effect of bulb depth on growth and reproduction. - J. Ecol. 68: 615-629.
4. Bishop, G. F., Davy, A. J. and Jefferies, R. L. 1978. Demography of Hieracium pilosella in a Breck grassland. - J. Ecol. 66: 615-629.
5. Bullard, E. R., Shearer, H. D. H., Day, J. D. and Crawford, R. M. M. 1987. Survival and flowering of Primula scotica Hook. - J. Ecol. 75: 589-602.
6. Callaghan, T. V. and Emanuelson, U. 1985. Population structure and processes of tundra plants and vegetation. - In: White, J. (ed.), The population structure of vegetation. Junk, pp. 399-439.
7. Chapman, S. B., Rose, R. J. and Clarke, R. T. 1989. The behaviour of populations of the marsh gentian (Gentiana pneumonanthe): a modelling approach. - J. Appl. Ecol. 26: 1059-1072.
8. De Ridder, F. and Dhondt, A. A. 1992. The reproductive behaviour of a clonal herbaceous plant, the longleaved sundew Drosera intermedia, in different heathland habitats. - Ecography 15: 144-153.
9. Franco, M. and Silvertown, J. 1990. - Plant demography: what do we know? - Evol. Trends Plants 4: 74-76.
10. Harper, J. L. 1967. A Darwinian approach to plant ecology. - J. Ecol. 55: 247-270.
11. Hutchings, M. J. 1987a. The population biology of the early spider orchid, Ophrys sphegodes Mill., I, A demographic study from 1975 to 1984. J. Ecol. 75: 711-727.
12. _ 1987b. The population biology of the early spider orchid, Ophrys sphegodes Mill., II. Temporal patterns in behaviour. - J. Ecol. 75: 729-742.
13. _ 1991. Monitoring plant populations: census as an aid to conservation. - In: Goldsmith, F. B. (ed.), Monitoring for conservation ecology. Chapman and Hall, pp. 61-76.
14. Klinkhammer, P. G. L., de Jong, T. J. and de Heiden, J. L. H. 1996. An eight year study of population dynamics and life-history variation of the "biennial" Carlina vulgaris. - Oikos 75: 259-268.
15. Law, R. 1981. The dynamics of a colonizing population of Poa annua. - Ecology 62: 1267-1277.
16. Oostermeijer, J. G. B., Den Nijs, J. C. M., Raijmann, L. E. L. and Menken, S. B. J. 1992. Population biology and management of the marsh gentian (Gentiana pneumonanthe L.), a rare species in the Netherlands. - Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 108: 117-130.
17. _, Van Eijck, M. W. and Den Nijs, J. C. M. 1994a. Offspring fitness in relation to population size and genetic variation in the rare perennial plant species Gentiana pneumonanthe (Gentianaceae). - Oecologia 97: 289-296.
18. _ , Van't Veer, R. and Den Nijs, J. C. M. 1994b. Population structure of the rare, long-lived perennial Gentiana pneumonanthe in relation to vegetation and management in the Netherlands. - J. Appl. Ecol. 31: 428-438.
19. _ , Brugman, M. L., De Boer, E. R. and Den Nijs, J. C. M. 1996. Temporal and spatial variation in the demography of Gentiana pneumonanthe, a rare perennial herb. - J. Ecol. 84: 153-166.
20. Owen, W. R. and Rosentreter, R. 1992. Monitoring rare perennial plants: Techniques for demograpic studies. - Nat. Areas J. 12: 32-39.
21. Petanidou, T., Den Nijs, J. C. M., Oostermeijer, J. G. B. and Ellis-Adam, A. C. 1995. Pollination ecology and patch-dependent reproductive success of the rare perennial Gentiana pneumonanthe L. - New Phytol. 129: 155-163.
22. Raijmann, L. E. L., Van Leeuwen, N. C. Kersten, R., Oostermeijer, J. G. B., Den Nijs, J. C. M. and Menken, S. B. J. 1994. Genetic variation and outcrossing rate in relation to population size in Gentiana pneumonanthe L. - Conserv. Biol. 8: 1014-1026.
23. Rodwell, J. S. 1991. British plant communities volume 2. Mires and heaths. - Cambridge Univ. Press.
24. Sarukhan, J. and Harper, J. L. 1973. Studies on plant demography: Ranunculus repens L., R. bulbosus L. and R. acris L. I. Population flux and survivorship. - J. Ecol. 61: 675-716.
25. SAS 1990. SAS Procedures guide, Version 6. - SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
26. Silvertown, J., Franco, M., Pisanty, I. and Mendoza, A. 1993. Comparative plant demography-relative importance of life-cycle components to the finite rate of increase in woody and herbaceous perennials. - J. Ecol. 81: 465-476.
27. Simmonds, N. W. 1946. Biological flora of the British Isles. Gentiana pneumonanthe L. - J. Ecol. 33: 295-307.
28. Svensson, B. M., Carlsson, B. C., Karlsson, P. S. and Nordell, K. O. 1993. Comparative long-term demography of three species of Pinguicula. - J. Ecol. 81: 635-645.
29. Tamm, C. O. 1972. Survival and flowering of some perennial herbs. II. The behaviour of some orchids on permanent plots. - Oikos 23: 23-28.
30. Thorén, L. M., Karlsson, P. S. and Tuomi, J. 1996. Somatic cost of reproduction in three carnivorous Pingulcula species. - Oikos 76: 427-434.
31. Wells, T. C. E. 1967. Changes in a population of Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Cheval. At Knocking Hoe National Nature Reserve, Bedfordshire, 1962-65. - J. Ecol. 55: 83-99.
32. _ and Cox, R. 1991. Demographic and biological studies on Ophrys apifera: some results from a 10 year study. - In: Wells, T. C. E and Willems, J. H. (eds), Population ecology of terrestrial orchids. SPB Academic Publishing, pp. 47-61.