Review of the epidemiology, molecular characterization and tropism of the hepatitis G virus/GBV-C

Clinical Laboratory

Volumn 47, Issue 5-6, 2001, Pages 239-248

  Tucker, T J ^a   Smuts, H E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Characterization; Epidemiology; GBV C; Hepatitis; HGV; Tropism

Indexed keywords

NUCLEOTIDE;

CLEARANCE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEPATITIS G VIRUS; HISTORY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; PREVALENCE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; VIROGENESIS; VIRUS CARRIER; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS INFECTION; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

ANIMALS; FLAVIVIRIDAE; HEPATITIS, VIRAL, HUMAN; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS; RNA, VIRAL; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 0035013488     PISSN: 14336510     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Hepatitis C virus is not recoverable from liver tissue in cryptogenic cirrhosis: Failure to identify hepatitis C virus-RNA using reverse transcription-mediated polymerase chain reaction
2. Etiology and outcome for 295 patients with acute liver failure in the United States
3. Isolation of novel virus-like sequences associated with human hepatitis
4. Studies on the transmission of human viral hepatitis to marmoset monkeys. I. Transmission of disease, serial passages, and description of liver lesions
5. Five new or recently discovered (GBV-A) virus species are indigenous to New World monkeys and may constitute a separate genus of the Flaviviridae
6. The sequence and genomic organization of a GB virus A variant isolated from captive tamarins
7. Molecular cloning and disease association of hepatitis G virus: A transfusion-transmissible agent
8. Sequence and genomic organization of GBV-C: A novel member of the flaviviridae associated with human non-A-E hepatitis
9. Three different GB virus C/hepatitis G virus genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis and a genotyping assay based on restriction fragment length polymorphism
10. Prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics of hepatitis G virus/GB virus C infection in Scottish blood donors
11. Prevalence studies of GB virus-C infection using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
12. Exposure to GB virus type C or hepatitis G virus in selected Australian adult and children populations
13. Antibody to GBV-C second envelope glycoprotein (anti-GBV-C E2): Is it a marker for immunity?
14. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and GB virus-C infections in Siberia
15. Hepatitis G virus infection in screened Chinese blood donors
16. GB virus C/hepatitis G virus infection among Colombian native Indians
17. High prevalence of GBV-C hepatitis G virus infection in a rural South African population
18. Antibodies to the E2 protein of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus: Low prevalence in Asian countries
19. Distinct prevalence of antibodies to the E2 protein of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus in different parts of the world
20. Hepatitis G virus in the general population and in patients on hemodialysis
21. Prevalence of infection with hepatitis G virus among various groups in Thailand
22. Detection of the hepatitis G virus genome among injecting drug users, homosexual and bisexual men, and blood donors
23. GB virus C/hepatitis G virus infection in HIV infected patients with haemophilia despite treatment with virus inactivated clotting factor concentrates
24. GB virus C prevalence in blood donors and high risk groups for parenterally transmitted agents from Gauteng, South Africa
25. Hepatitis GBV-C sequences in patients infected with HCV contaminated anti-D immunoglobulin and among i.v. drug users in Germany
26. Detection of hepatitis G virus (GB virus C) RNA in human saliva
27. Absence of hepatitis C virus and detection of hepatitis G virus/GB virus C RNA sequences in the semen of infected men
28. Hepatitis G virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 - Infected mothers and their children
29. Genetic evidence for mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis G virus
30. High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus infection among homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Evidence for sexual transmission
31. Sexual transmission of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus
32. Multicenter trial on mother-to-infant transmission of GBV-C virus
33. Prevalence of serum HGV-RNA among hemodialysis patients in Turkey
34. Infection with GB virus C and hepatitis C virus in drug addicts, patients on maintenance hemodialysis, or with chronic liver disease in Nepal
35. Hepatitis G virus RNA is common in AIDS patients' plasma but is not associated with abnormal liver function tests or other clinical syndromes
36. High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus
37. Prevalence of hepatitis G virus RNA in the sera of patients with HIV infection
38. Seroprevalence of GB virus C and persistence of RNA and antibody
39. Natural history of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus infection through the follow- up of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus-infected blood donors and recipients studied by RNA polymerase chain reaction and anti-E2 serology
40. Evolution of hepatitis G virus infection and antibody response to envelope protein in patients with transfusion-associated non-A, non-B hepatitis
41. Persistence and clinical significance of hepatitis G virus infections in injecting drug users
42. Prevalence and infectivity of hepatitis G virus and its strain variant, the GB agent, in volunteer blood donors in Taiwan
43. Detection of antibodies to a putative hepatitis G virus envelope protein
44. ELISA for detection of antibody to the E2 protein of GB virus C
45. Age-dependent acquisition of hepatitis G virus/GB virus C in a non-risk population: Detection of the virus by antibodies
46. An ELISA for detection of antibodies to the E2 protein of GB virus C
47. Association of antibody to GB virus C (hepatitis G virus) with viral clearance and protection from reinfection
48. Experimental infection of chimpanzees with hepatitis G virus and genetic analysis of the virus
49. Isolation of a GB virus-related genome from a chimpanzee
50. High prevalence of GB virus C infection in a group of Italian patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology
51. Detection of the GBV-C hepatitis virus genome in serum from patients with fulminant hepatitis of unknown aetiology
52. The incidence of transfusion-associated hepatitis G virus infection and its relation to liver disease
53. Acute non-A-E hepatitis in the United States and the role of hepatitis G virus infection. Sentinel Counties Viral Hepatitis Study Team
54. A prospective study of transfusion-transmitted GB virus C infection: Similar frequency but different clinical presentation compared with hepatitis C virus
55. Histopathologic impact of GB virus C infection on chronic hepatitis C
56. Effects of GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus on hepatitis B and C viremia in multiple hepatitis virus infections
57. Biochemical and histological features of hepatitis G virus infection
58. Effect of hepatitis G virus infection on chronic hepatitis C
59. In situ detection of hepatitis B, C, and G virus nucleic acids in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues from different geographic regions
60. Impact of HBV, HCV and GBV-C/HGV on hepatocellular carcinomas in Europe: Results of a European concerted action
61. Hepatitis G infection: Role in cryptogenic chronic liver disease and primary liver cell cancer in the UK. Trent Hepatitis C virus Study Group
62. GB virus-C RNA in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis
63. Poor association of GBV-C viremia with hepatocellular carcinoma
64. Does hepatitis GB virus-C infection cause hepatocellular carcinoma in black Africans?
65. HCV and HGV in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
66. Association of GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) with haematological diseases of different malignant potential
67. Could HGV infection be implicated in lymphomagenesis?
68. Long-term impact of superinfection by hepatitis G virus in hepatitis C virus-positive renal transplant patients
69. GBV-C/HGV in hemodialysis patients: Anti-E2 antibodies and GBV-C/HGV - RNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells
70. The hepatitis G virus/GBV-C is associated with glomerulonephritis
71. Correlation of interferon treatment response with GBV-C/HGV genomic RNA and anti-envelope 2 protein antibody
72. Sequence variation and phylogenetic analysis of the 5′ terminus of hepatitis G virus
73. Translation initiation in GB viruses A and C: Evidence for internal ribosome entry and implications for genome organization
74. Cloning and characterization of the extreme 5′-terminal sequences of the RNA genomes of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus
75. Sequence heterogeneity within the 5′-terminal region of the hepatitis GB virus C genome and evidence for genotypes
76. Predicted secondary structure of the hepatitis G virus and GB virus-A 5′untranslated regions consistent with an internal ribosome entry site
77. Molecular characterization of the 5′ non-coding region of South African GBV-C/HGV isolates: Major deletion and evidence for a fourth genotype
78. The entire nucleotide sequences of two GB virus C/hepatitis G virus isolates of distinct genotypes from Japan
79. Full-length GBV-C/HGV genomes from nine Japanese isolates: Characterization by comparative analyses
80. Genetic diversity between hepatitis G virus isolates: Analysis of nucleotide variation in the NS-3 and putative 'core' peptide genes
81. Heterogeneity in E2 region of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus and hepatitis C virus
82. Analysis of the envelope region of hepatitis G virus isolated from Korean patients
83. Sequence variation and phylogenetic analysis of envelope glycoprotein of hepatitis G virus
84. Identification of GB virus C variants by phylogenetic analysis of 5′- untranslated and coding region sequences
85. GBV-C/HGV genotypes: Proposed nomenclature for genotypes 1-5
86. Flavivirus infection enhancement in macrophages: An electron microscopic study of viral cellular entry
87. Possible involvement of receptors in the entry of Kunjin virus into Vero cells
88. Flavivirus genome organization, expression, and replication
89. Flaviviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication
90. Dynamics of GB virus C viremia early after orthotopic liver transplantation indicates extra-hepatic tissues as the predominant site of GB virus C replication
91. HGV/GBV-C in liver tissue and in sera from patients with chronic hepatitis C
92. The GB virus C/hepatitis G virus replicates in hepatocytes without causing liver disease in healthy blood donors
93. GB virus C/hepatitis G virus replicates in human haematopoietic cells and vascular endothelial cells
94. Quantitative analysis of GBV-C RNA in liver and serum by strand-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
95. Liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells are not major sites for GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus replication
96. Detection of GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue
97. Absence of the negative strand of GBV-C/HGV RNA from the liver
98. Hepatitis G virus infection in American patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis: No evidence for liver replication
99. Lack of evidence for hepatitis G virus replication in the livers of patients coinfected with hepatitis C and G viruses
100. Detection of hepatitis G virus replication sites by using highly strand-specific Tth-based reverse transcriptase PCR
101. Low level or absent in vivo replication of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis G virus/GB virus C in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
102. Quantitation of hepatitis G and C viruses in the liver: Evidence that hepatitis G virus is not hepatotropic
103. Detection of active hepatitis C virus and hepatitis G virus/GB virus C replication in bone marrow in human subjects
104. Lack of evidence for GB virus C/hepatitis G virus replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
105. Analysis of hepatitis G virus/GB virus C quasispecies and replication sites in human subjects
106. Hepatotropism of GB virus C (GBV-C): GBV-C replication in human hepatocytes and cells of human hepatoma cell lines
107. Replication of GB virus C (hepatitis G virus) in interferon-resistant Daudi cells
108. Evidence that the GBV-C/hepatitis G virus is primarily a lymphotropic virus
109. In vitro infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by GB virus C/hepatitis G virus
110. Hepatitis G virus replication in human cultured cells displaying susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection
111. GB virus C, hepatitis G virus, or human orphan flavivirus?