Modular structure of PACT: Distinct domains for binding and activating PKR

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 1908-1920

  Peters, Gregory A ^a   Hartmann, Rune ^a,c   Qin, Jun ^b   Sen, Ganes C ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENZYME ACTIVATOR; MALTOSE BINDING PROTEIN; PROTEIN KINASE R; PROTEIN PACT; PROTEIN SERINE THREONINE KINASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; ASSAY; BINDING AFFINITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME BINDING; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TRANSLATION REGULATION;

2',5'-OLIGOADENYLATE SYNTHETASE; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; BINDING SITES; CARRIER PROTEINS; CELLS, CULTURED; EIF-2 KINASE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; FIBROBLASTS; HUMANS; MICE; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; SEQUENCE DELETION; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0035012516     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.6.1908-1920.2001     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Balachandran, S., C. N. Kim, W. C. Yeh, T. W. Mak, K. Bhalla, and G. N. Barber. 1998. Activation of the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, induces apoptosis through FADD-rncdiated death signaling. EMBO J. 17: 6888-6902.
2. Bischoff, J. R., and C. E. Samuel. 1985. Mechanism of Interferon action. The interferon-induced phosphoprotein P1 possesses a double-stranded RNA-dependent ATP-binding site. J. Biol. Chem. 260:8237-8239.
3. Carpick, B. W., V. Graziano, D. Schneider, R. K. Maitra, X. Lee, and B. R. G. Williams. 1997. Characterization of the solution complex between the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase and HIV-1 trans-activating region RNA. J. Biol. Chem. 272:9510-9516.
4. Chu, W. M., D. Ostertag, Z. W. Li, L. Chang, Y. Chen, Y. Hu, B. Williams, J. Perrault, and M. Karin. 1999. JNK2 and IKKbeta are required for activating the innate response to viral infection. Immunity 11:721-731.
5. Clemens, M. J., and A. Elia. 1997. The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR: structure and function. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 17:503-524.
6. Cuddihy, A. R., A. H. Wong, N. W. Tam, S. Li, and A. E. Koromilas. 1999. The double-stranded RNA activated protein kinase PKR physically associates with the tumor suppressor p53 protein and phosphorylates human p53 on serine 392 in vitro. Oncogene 18:2690-2702.
7. Der, S. D., Y. L. Yang, C. Weissmann, and B. R. Williams. 1997. A double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway mediating stress-induced apoptosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:3279-3283.
8. Donze, O., J. Dostie, and N. Sonenberg. 1999. Regulatable expression of the interferon-induced double-stranded RNA dependent protein kinase PKR induces apoptosis and fas receptor expression. Virology 256:322-329.
9. Ghosh, A., S. Sarkar, and G. Sen. 2000. Cell growth regulatory and anti-viral effects of the P69 isozyme of 2-5(A) synthetase. Virology 266:319-328.
10. Gil, J., J. Alcami, and M. Esteban. 1999. Induction of apoptosis by double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) involves the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 and NF-κB. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 4653-4663.
11. Green, S. R., and M. B. Mathews. 1992. Two RNA-binding motifs in the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, DAI. Genes Dev. 6:2478-2490.
12. 2-terminal kinase by double-stranded RNA and encephalomyocarditis virus: involvement of RNase L, protein kinase R, and alternative pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:617-627.
13. Ito, T., M. Yang, and W. S. May. 1999. RAX, a cellular activator for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during stress signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 274:15427-15432.
14. Kumar, A., J. Haque, J. Lacoste, J. Hiscott, and B. R. Williams. 1994. Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activates transcription factor NF-kappa B by phosphorylating 1 kappa B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:6288-6292.
15. Kumar, A., Y. L. Yang, V. Flati, S. Der, S. Kadereit, A. Deb, J. Haque, L. Reis, C. Weissmann, and B. R. Williams. 1997. Deficient cytokine signaling in mouse embryo fibroblasts with a targeted deletion in the PKR gene: role of IRF-1 and NF-kappaB. EMBO J. 16:406-416.
16. Lee, S. B., and M. Esteban. 1994. The interferon-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase induces apoptosis. Virology 199:491-496.
17. Nanduri, S., B. W. Carpick, Y. Yang, B. R. Williams, and J. Qin. 1998. Structure of the double-stranded RNA-binding domain of the protein kinase PKR reveals the molecular basis of its dsRNA-mediated activation. EMBO J. 17:5458-5465.
18. Park, H., M. V. Davies, J. O. Langland, H. W. Chang, Y. S. Nam, J. Tartaglia, E. Paoletti, B. L. Jacobs, R. J. Kaufman, and S. Venkatesan. 1994 TAR RNA-binding protein is an inhibitor of the interferon-induced protein kinase PKR. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:4713-4717.
19. Patel, R. C., and G. C. Sen. 1992. Identification of the double-stranded RNA-binding domain of the human interferon-inducible protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 267:7671-7676.
20. Patel, R. C., and G. C. Sen. 1998. PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR. EMBO J. 17:4379-4390.
21. Patel, R. C., and G. C. Sen. 1998. Requirement of PKR dimerization mediated by specific hydrophobic residues for its activation by double-stranded RNA and its antigrowth effects in yeast. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:7009-7019.
22. Patel, R. C., P. Stanton, N. M. McMillan, B. R. Williams, and G. C. Sen. 1995. The interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase self-associates in vitro and in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:8283-8287.
23. Patel, R. C., P. Stanton, and G. C. Sen. 1994. Role of the amino-terminal residues of the interferon-induced protein kinase in its activation by double-stranded RNA and heparin. J. Biol. Chem. 269:18593-18598.
24. Patel, R. C., P. Stanton, and G. C. Sen. 1996. Specific mutations near the amino terminus of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) differentially affect its double-stranded RNA binding and dimerization properties. J. Biol. Chem. 271:25657-25663.
25. Patel, R. C., D. J. Vestal, Z. Xu, S. Bandyopadhyay, W. Guo, S. M. Erme, B. R. Williams, and G. C. Sen. 1999. DRBP76, a double-stranded RNA-binding nuclear protein, is phosphorylated by the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR. J. Biol. Chem. 274:20432-20437.
26. Pogulis, R. J., A. N. Vallejo, and L. R. Pease. 1996. In vitro recombination and mutagenesis by overlap extension PCR, p. 167-176. In M. K. Trower (ed.), In vitro mutagenesis protocols, vol. 57. Humana Press, Inc., Totowa, N.J.
27. Romano, P. R., M. T. Garcia-Barrio, X. Zhang, Q. Wang, D. R. Taylor, F. Zhang, C. Herring, M. B. Mathews, J. Qin, and A. G. Hinnebusch. 1998. Autophosphorylation in the activation loop is required for full kinase activity in vivo of human and yeast eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinases PKR and GCN2. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:2282-2297.
28. Ryter, J. M., and S. C. Schultz. 1998. Molecular basis of double-stranded RNA-protein interactions: structure of a dsRNA-binding domain complexed with dsRNA. EMBO J. 17:7505-7513.
29. Srivastava, S. P., K. U. Kumar, and R. J. Kaufman. 1998. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 mediates apoptosis in response to activation of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 273:2416-2423.
30. St. Johnston, D., N. H. Brown, J. G. Gall, and M. Jantsch. 1992. A conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:10979-10983.
31. Tan, S. L., M. J. Gale, Jr., and M. G. Katze. 1998. Double-stranded RNA-independent dimerization of interferon-induced protein kinase PKR and inhibition of dimerization by the cellular P581PK inhibitor. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:2431-2443.
32. Tan, S. L., and M. G. Katze. 1999. The emerging role of the interferon-induced PKR protein kinase as an apoptotic effector: a new face of death? J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 19:543-554.
33. Vilcek, J., and G. C. Sen. 1996. Interferons and other cytokines, p. 375-399. In B. N. Fields, D. M. Knipe, and P. M. Howley (ed.), Fields virology. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, Pa.
34. Williams, B. R. 1999. PKR, a sentinel kinase for cellular stress. Oncogene 18: 6112-6120.
35. Wong, A. H., N. W. Tam, Y. L. Yang, A. R. Cuddihy, S. Li, S. Kirchhoff, H. Hauser, T. Decker, and A. E. Koromilas. 1997. Physical association between STAT1 and the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR and implications for interferon and double-stranded RNA signaling pathways. EMBO J. 16: 1291-1304.
36. Yasukawa, T., C. Kanei-Ishii, T. Maekawa, J. Fujimoto, T. Yamamoto, and S. Ishii. 1995. Increase of solubility of foreign proteins in Escherichia coli by coproduction of the bacterial thioredoxin. J. Biol. Chem. 270:25328-25331.
37. Zamanian-Daryoush, M., T. H. Mogensen, J. A. DiDonato, and B. R. Williams. 2000. NF-κB activation by double-stranded-RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) is mediated through NF-κB-inducing kinase and 1κB kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:1278-1290.