The importance of the prediction model in the validation of alternative tests

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 135-143

  Worth, Andrew P ^a   Balls, Michael ^a  

^a JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

Author keywords

ECVAM; Prediction model; Prevalidation; Testing strategy; Validation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; MODEL; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIABILITY; TOXICOLOGY; VALIDATION PROCESS;

EID: 0035008331     PISSN: 02611929     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/026119290102900210     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Archer, G., Balls, M., Bruner, L.H., Curren, R.D., Fentem, J.H., Holzhütter, H-G., Liebsch, M., Lovell, D.P. & Southee, J.A. (1997). The validation of toxicological prediction models. ATLA 25, 505-516.
2. Balls, M. & Fentem, J.H. (1999). The validation and acceptance of alternatives to animal testing. Toxicology in Vitro 13, 837-846.
3. Worth, A.P., Barratt, M.D. & Houston, J.B. (1998). The validation of computational prediction techniques. ATLA 26, 241-247.
4. Worth, A.P., Fentem, J.H., Balls, M., Bothani, PA., Curren, R.D., Earl, L.K., Esdaile, D.J. & Liebsch, M. (1998). An evaluation of the proposed OECD testing strategy for skin corrosion. ATLA 26, 709-720.
5. Fentem, J.H., Archer. G.E.B., Balls, M., Bothani, PA., Curren, R.D., Earl, L.K., Esdaile, D.J., Holzhütter, H.G. & Liebsch, M. (1998) The ECVAM international validation study on in vitro tests for skin corrosivity. 2. Results and evaluation by the management team. Toxicology in Vitro 12, 483-524.
6. Balls, M., Blaauboer, B., Brusick D., Frazier J., Lamb, D., Pemberton, M., Reinhardt, C., Roberfroid, M., Rosenkranz, H., Schmid, B., Spielmann, H., Stammati, A-L. & Walum, E. (1990). Report and recommendations of the CAAT/ERGATT workshop on the validation of toxicity test procedures. ATLA 18, 313-337.
7. Curren, R.D., Southee, J.A., Spielmann, H., Liebsch, M., Fentem, J.H. & Balls, M. (1995). The role of prevalidation in the development, validation and acceptance of alternative methods. ATLA 23, 211-217.
8. Balls, M. (1997). Defined structural and performance criteria would facilitate the validation and acceptance of alternative test procedures. ATLA 25, 483-484.
9. Liebsch, M., Traue, D., Barrabas, C., Spielmann, H., Uphill, P, Wilkins, S., McPherson, J.P., Wiemann, C., Kaufmann, T., Remmele, M. & Holzhütter, H-G. (2000). The ECVAM prevalidation study on the use of EpiDerm for skin corrosivity testing. ATLA 28, 371-401.
10. Holzhütter, H-G., Archer, G., Dami, N., Lovell, D.P., Saltelli, A. & Sjöström, M. (1996). Recommendations for the application of biostatistical methods during the development and validation of alternative toxicological methods. ECVAM Biostatistics Task Force Report 1. ATLA 24, 511-530.
11. Spielmann, H., Liebsch, M., Kalweit, S., Moldenhauer, F., Wirnsberger, T., Holzhütter, H-G., Schneider, B., Glaser, S., Gerner, I., Pape, W.J.W., Kreiling, R., Krauser, K., Miltenburger, H.G., Steiling, W., Luepke, N.P., Muller, N., Kreuzer, H., Murmann, P., Spengler, J., Bertram-Neis, E., Siegemund, B. & Wiebel, F.J. (1996). Results of a validation study in Germany on two in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test, the HETCAM test and the 3T3-NRU cytotoxicity test. ATLA 24, 741-858.
12. Bruner, L.H., Carr, G.J., Chamberlain, M. & Curren, R.D. (1996). Validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. Toxicology in Vitro 10, 479-501.
13. Holzhütter, H-G. & Spielmann, H. (1996). The use of prediction models in toxicology: what should they predict? ATLA 24, 881-884.
14. Archer, G. (1996). No statistics, no science - let alone validation studies. ATLA 24, 453-456.
15. Bruner, L., Carr, G., Chamberlain, M. & Curren, R. (1996). No prediction model - no validation study. ATLA 24, 211-217.
16. OECD (1998). Harmonized Integrated Hazard Classification System for Human Health and Environmental Effects of Chemical Substances. Paris, France: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
17. Worth, A.P. & Fentem, J.H. (1999). A general approach for evaluating stepwise testing strategies. ATLA 27, 161-177.
18. EC(2000) Commission Directive 2000/33/EC of 25 April 2000 adapting to technical progress for the 27th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of laws, regulations and adminstrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the European Communities L136A, 90-97.