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0343607932
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note
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The exception: Methanesulfonyl chloride sulfonylated the alcohol of Ua to a significant extent ∼ 10-20% (data not shown).
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59
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Ohnmacht, C. J.; Russell, K; Empfield, J. R.; Frank, C. A.; Gibson, K. H.; Mayhugh, D. R.; McLaren, F. M.; Shapiro, H. S.; Brown, F. J.; Trainor, D. A.; Ceccarelli, C.; Lin, M. M.; Masek, B. B.; Forst, J. M.; Harris, R. J.; Hulsizer, J. M.; Lewis, J. J.; Silverman, S. M.; Smith, R. W.; Warwick, P. J.; Kau, S. T.; Chun, A. L.; Grant, T. L.; Howe, B. B.; Li, J. H.; Trivedi, S.; Halterman, T. J.; Yochim, C.; Dyroff, M. C.; Kirkland, M.; Neilson, K. L. N-Aryl-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamides: KATP Potassium Channel Openers. Modifications on the Western Region. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 4592-4601.
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more..
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61
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0343607931
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Compound 11q is rapidly metabolized to 11g upon oral dosing. Compound 11g is the only metabolite identified in plasma taken from the dosed animals.
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62
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(a) Johnson, F.; Malhotra, S. K. Steric Interference in Allylic and Pseudo-Allylic Systems. I. Two Stereochemical Theorems. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 5492-5493.
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Conformational effects in compounds with six-membered rings. XII. The conformational equilibrium in N-methylpiperidine
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The replacement of a CH.VH synaxial interaction with a CH3/ lone pair interaction should not have a large effect on the AG of the system: i.e., 3-methylpiperidine and 1-methylcyclohexane have nearly identical AG; see: Crowley, P. J.; Robinson, M. J. T.; Ward, M. G. Conformational Effects in Compounds with six-membered rings. XII. The Conformational Equilibrium in N-Methylpiperidine. Tetrahedron 1977, 33, 915-925.
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0343607918
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note
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In the anilide series reported in the following paper, a strong unfavored steric interaction is seen at the 2-, 5-, and 6-positions of the anilide.
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72
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0343607926
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Conformation of 1,4-Dibenzoyl-2,5-dialkylpiperazine. Twist-boat ring conformation
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Similarity, all four stereoisomeric forms of 1,4-dibenzoyl-2,5-trans-diethylpiperazine are populated; see: Tsuboyama, S.; Tsuboyama, K.; Uzawa, J.; Koda, R.; Nakamaru, M.; Kobayashi, K.; Sakurai, T. Conformation of 1,4-Dibenzoyl-2,5-dialkylpiperazine. Twist-Boat Ring Conformation. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 18, 2895-2898.
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Tsuboyama, S.1
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Ofenstein, J. P.; Kiechle, F. L.; Dandurand, D. M.; Belknap, W. M.; Moore, K. H.; Holmes, R. D. Lactate Oxidation for the Detection of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Skin Fibroblasts. Anal. Biochem, 1993, 210, 332-336.
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74
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0343607925
-
-
note
-
2 in human fibroblasts at 1 x, 4x, and 1Ox their ECso's. While the acetylated and sulfonylated compounds each increased the conversion of lactate to 600-1000% of control, the arylated compound Uj and other arylated compounds not shown had a lower increase at 1Ox their ICso value than at 4x their ICso value.
-
-
-
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75
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-
0342302872
-
-
note
-
Glucose lowering in normal animals was not expected to be evident in normal animals on the basis of Stacpoole's report (ref 17) and was not observed with compounds of this series in normal animals.
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76
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0015147295
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Regulation of adipose tissue pyruvate dehydrogenase by insulin and other hormones
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(a) Coore, H. G.; Denton, R. M.; Martin, B. R.; Rändle, P. J. Regulation of Adipose Tissue Pyruvate Dehydrogenase by Insulin and Other Hormones. Biochem. J. 1971, 125, 115-127.
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Fraction of hepatic cytosolic Acetyl-CoA derived from glucose in vivo: Relation to PDH phosphorylation state
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(b) Kaempfer, S.; Blackman, M.; Christiansen, M.; Wu, K.; Cesar, D.; Vary, T.; Hellerstein, M. K. Fraction of Hepatic Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Derived From Glucose In Vivo: Relation to PDH Phosphorylation State. Am. J. Physiol. 1991, 260, E865-E875.
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Inhibition of medium and short-chain fatty acid oxidation in rat heart mitochondria by dichloroacetate
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Man, K. C.; Brosnan, J. T. Inhibition of Medium and Short-chain Fatty Acid Oxidation in Rat Heart Mitochondria by Dichloroacetate. Metab. Clin. Exp. 1982, 31, 744-748.
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Latipaa, P. M.; Hiltunen, J. K.; Peuhkurinen, K. J.; Hassinen, I. E. Regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation in Heart Muscle. Effects of Pyruvate and Dichloroacetate. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1983, 752, 162-171.
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Latipaa, P.M.1
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80
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0342302868
-
-
note
-
The indirect effect of DCA on fatty acid oxidation via CPT is via changes of levels of malonyl-CoA. The concentration of malonyl-CoA can be influenced both by inhibition of PDHK, i.e., by 14e or DCA, and/or by inhibition of the short-or medium-chain acyltransferases by either DCA or other inhibitors (see ref 67).
-
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-
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81
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0033552861
-
Hypoglycemic prodrugs of4-(2,2-Dimethyl-l-oxopropyl)benzoic
-
Compounds which sequester CoA and inhibit the short-to medium-chain acyltransferases inhibit CPT indirectly; see: Aicher, T. D.; Bebernitz, G. R.; Bell, P. A.; Brand, L. J.; Dain, J. G.; Deems, R.; Fillers, W. S.; Foley, J. E.; Knorr, D. C.; Nadelson, J.; Otero, D. A.; Simpson, R.; Strohshein, R. J.; Young, D. A. Hypoglycemic Prodrugs of4-(2,2-Dimethyl-l-oxopropyl)benzoic Acid. J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 153-163.
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Aicher, T.D.1
Bebernitz, G.R.2
Bell, P.A.3
Brand, L.J.4
Dain, J.G.5
Deems, R.6
Fillers, W.S.7
Foley, J.E.8
Knorr, D.C.9
Nadelson, J.10
Otero, D.A.11
Simpson, R.12
Strohshein, R.J.13
Young, D.A.14
-
82
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0342302869
-
-
note
-
The compounds of this report do not inhibit any enzymes other than PDHKto the best of our knowledge. Other enzymes profiled include Ser/Thr/Tyr kinases (i.e., cAMPk or p38Map kinase) and KATP channels (see ref 31).
-
-
-
-
83
-
-
0342302867
-
-
note
-
This crude oil was of sufficient purity to be tested in the primary enzymatic assay. The resulting ICso's of crude substances made this way were in acceptable agreement (within 25%; i.e., 40 nM vs 50 nM) with the values of the purified substances. All IC1S reported within this paper are of purified substances.
-
-
-
-
84
-
-
0343607922
-
-
note
-
50 for 14e remains as it is in the primary enzymatic assay (see ref 35 for the details of this assay).
-
-
-
-
85
-
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0001647511
-
The citrate condensing enzyme of pigeon breast and moth flight muscle
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Srere, P. A.; Brazil, H.; Gonen, L. The Citrate Condensing Enzyme of Pigeon Breast and Moth Flight Muscle. Acta Chem. Scand. 1963, 17 (Suppl. 1), S129-S134.]
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Srere, P.A.1
Brazil, H.2
Gonen, L.3
-
86
-
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0343607923
-
-
note
-
Male ZDF rats at 8 weeks of age in groups of 6 were profiled via this same procedure.
-
-
-
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