Phylogenetically patterned speciation rates and extinction risks change the loss of evolutionary history during extinctions

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 267, Issue 1443, 2000, Pages 613-620

  Heard, Stephen B ^a   Mooers, Arne Ø ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Biodiversity calculus; Branch lengths; Evolutionary history; Extinction; Phylogenetic tree shape

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; EXTINCTION RISK; PHYLOGENETICS; SPECIATION (BIOLOGY);

ARTICLE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NONHUMAN; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION;

EID: 0034701257     PISSN: 09628452     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1046     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Alroy, J. 1996 Constant extinction, constrained diversification, and uncoordinated stasis in North American mammals. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol. 127, 285-311.
2. Altschul, S. F. & Lipman, D. J. 1990 Equal animals. Nature 348, 493-494.
3. Bennett, P. M. & Owens, I. P. F. 1997 Variation in extinction risk among birds: chance or evolutionary predisposition? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 264, 401-408.
4. Benton, M. J. 1995 Diversification and extinction in the history of life. Science 268, 52-58.
5. Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., Gittleman, J. L. & Purvis, A. 1999 Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: a complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia). Biol. Rev. 74, 143-175.
6. Courtillot, V. & Gaudemer, Y. 1996 Effects of mass extinctions on biodiversity. Nature 381, 146-148.
7. Crozier, R. H. 1997 Preserving the information content of species: genetic diversity, phylogeny, and conservation worth. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 28, 243-268.
8. Eldredge, N. & Gould, S. J. 1972 Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism. In Models in paleobiology (ed. T. J. M. Schopf), pp. 82-115. San Francisco, CA: Freeman, Cooper and Co.
9. Faith, D. P. 1992 Conservation evaluation and phylogenetic diversity. Biol. Conserv. 61, 1-10.
10. Faith, D. P. 1994 Phylogenetic diversity: a general framework for the prediction of feature diversity. In Systematics and conservation evaluation (ed. P. L. Forey, C. J. Humphries & R. I. Vane- Wright), pp. 251-268. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
11. Felsenstein, J. 1985 Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am. Nat. 125, 1-15.
12. Forey, P. L., Humphries, C. J. & Vane-Wright, R. I. 1994 Systematics and conservation evaluation. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
13. Foufopoulos, J. & Ives, A. R. 1999 Reptile extinctions on land- bridge islands: life history attributes and vulnerability to extinction. Am. Nat. 153, 1-25.
14. Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M. 1995 Birds, body size and the threat of extinction. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 347, 205-212.
15. Gaston, K. J. & Blackburn, T. M. 1997 Evolutionary age and risk of extinction in the global avifauna. Evol. Ecol. 11, 557-565.
16. Gittleman, J. L. & Purvis, A. 1998 Body-size and species richness in carnivores and primates. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 265, 113-119.
17. Guyer, C. & Slowinski, J. B. 1991 Comparison of observed phylogenetic topologies with null expectations among three monophyletic lineages. Evolution 45, 340-350.
18. Guyer, C. & Slowinski, J. B. 1993 Adaptive radiation and the topology of large phylogenies. Evolution 47, 253-263.
19. Harvey, P. H., Nee, S., Mooers, A. Ø. & Partridge, L. 1991 These hierarchical views of life: phylogenies and metapopulations. In Genes in ecology (ed. R. J. Berry & T. J. Crawford), pp. 123-137. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
20. Heard, S. B. 1992 Patterns in tree balance among cladistic, phenetic, and randomly generated phylogenetic trees. Evolution 46, 1818-1826.
21. Heard, S. B. 1996 Patterns in phylogenetic tree balance with variable and evolving speciation rates. Evolution 50, 2141-2148.
22. Heard, S. B. & Hauser, D. L. 1995 Key evolutionary innovations and their ecological mechanisms. Hist. Biol. 10, 151-173.
23. Hewzulla, D., Boulter, M. C., Benton, M. J. & Halley, J. M. 1999 Evolutionary patterns from mass originations and mass extinctions. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 354, 463-469.
24. Hughes, A. L. 1999 Differential human impact on the survival of genetically distinct avian lineages. Bird. Conserv. Int. 9, 147-154.
25. Humphries, C. J., Williams, P. H. & Vane-Wright, R. I. 1995 Measuring biodiversity value for conservation. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 26, 93-111.
26. IUCN 1980 World conservation strategy: living resource conservation for sustainable development. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN-UNEP WWF.
27. IUCN 1996 1996 IUCN Red List of threatened animals. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
28. Jablonski, D. 1986 Background and mass extinctions: the alteration of macroevolutionary regimes. Science 231, 129-133.
29. Jablonski, D. 1987 Heritability at the species level: analysis of geographic ranges of Cretaceous mollusks. Science 238, 360-363.
30. Jablonski, D. 1996 Body size and macroevolution. In Evolutionary paleobiology (ed. D. Jablonski, D. H. Erwin & J. H. Lipps), pp. 256-289. University of Chicago Press.
31. Krajewski, C. 1991 Phylogeny and diversity. Science 254, 918-919.
32. Kirkpatrick, M. & Slatkin, M. 1993 Searching for evolutionary patterns in the shape of a phylogenentic tree. Evolution 47, 1171-1181.
33. Lawton, J. H. 1995 Population dynamic principles. In Extinction rates (ed. J. H. Lawton & R. M. May), pp. 147-163. Oxford University Press.
34. Mace, G. M. & Balmford, A. 2000 Patterns and process in contemporary mammalian extinction. In Has the panda had its day? (ed. A. Entwistle & N. Dunstone). Cambridge University Press.
35. McKinney, M. L. 1997 Extinction vulnerability and selectivity: combining ecological and paleontological views. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 28, 495-516.
36. May, R. M. 1990 Taxonomy as destiny. Nature 347, 129-130.
37. Mooers, A. Ø. & Heard, S. B. 1997 Inferring evolutionary process from phylogenetic tree shape. Q. Rev. Biol. 72, 31-54.
38. Mooers, A. Ø., Nee, S. & Harvey, P. H. 1994 Biological and algorithmic correlates of phenetic tree pattern. In Phylogeny and ecology (ed. P. Eggleton & D. Vane-Wright), pp. 233-251. London: Linnean Society.
39. Nee, S. & May, R. M. 1997 Extinction and the loss of evolutionary history. Science 278, 692-694.
40. Nee, S., Mooers, A. Ø. & Harvey, P. H. 1992 Tempo and mode of evolution revealed from molecular phylogenies. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89, 8322-8326.
41. Newmark, W. D. 1995 Extinction of mammal populations in western North-American national parks. Conserv. Biol. 9, 512-526.
42. Owens, I. P. F., Bennett, P. M. & Harvey, P. H. 1999 Species richness among birds: body size, life history, sexual selection or ecology? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266, 933-939.
43. Purvis, A. 1996 Using interspecies phylogenies to test macroevolutionary hypotheses. In New uses for new phylogenies (ed. P. H. Harvey, A. J. L. Brown, J. M. Smith & S. Nee), pp. 153-168. Oxford University Press.
44. Raup, D. M. 1979 Size of the Permo-Triassic bottleneck and its evolutionary implications. Science 206, 217-218.
45. Russell, G. J., Brooks, T. M., McKinney, M. M. & Anderson, C. G. 1998 Present and future taxonomic selectivity in bird and mammal extinctions. Conserv. Biol. 12, 1365-1376.
46. Sepkoski Jr, J. J. 1979 A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. II. Early Phanerozoic families and multiple equilibria. Paleobiology 5, 222-251.
47. Stanley, S. M. 1975 A theory of evolution above the species level. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 72, 646-650.
48. Stanley, S. M. 1979 Macroevolution: pattern and process. San Francisco, CA: Freeman.
49. Stiassny, M. L. J. & de Pinna, M. C. C. 1994 Basal taxa and the role of cladistic patterns in the evaluation of conservation priorities: a view from freshwater. In Systematics and conservation evaluation (ed. P. L. Forey, C. J. Humphries & R. I. Vane-Wright), pp. 235-250. Oxford University Press.
50. Vane-Wright, R. I., Humphries, C. J. & Williams, P. H. 1991 What to protect? Systematics and the agony of choice. Biol. Conserv. 55, 235-254.
51. Vazquez, D. P. & Gittleman, J. L. 1998 Biodiversity conservation: does phylogeny matter? Curr. Biol. 8, R379-R381.
52. Vrba, E. S. & Eldredge, N. 1984 Individuals, hierarchies, and processes: towards a more complete evolutionary theory. Paleobiology 10, 146-171.
53. Wagner, P. J. 1995 Diversity patterns among early gastropods: contrasting taxonomic and phylogenetic descriptions. Paleobiology 21, 410-439.
54. Williams, P. H., Gaston, K. J. & Humphries, C. J. 1994 Do conservationists and molecular biologists value differences between organisms in the same way? Biodiv. Lett. 2, 67-78.
55. Wilson, E. O. 1992 The diversity of life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
56. Yule, G. U. 1924 A mathematical theory of evolution based on the conclusions of Dr J. C. Willis. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 213, 21-87.